CTAL-TM-001練習テスト問題は更新された67問題あります
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質問 # 37
Which THREE activities would be valid steps during the development of the test strategy?2 credits (2 out of 3 correct 1 credit)
- A. Identify test staff members that will be involved in the system test
- B. Issue the test strategy document for review
- C. Assess the testing that needs to be done to minimize the risks
- D. Perform a project risk analysis
- E. Define test career paths
- F. Define a master test plan template
- G. Understand the software development life cycle used by the software house
正解：B、C、G
質問 # 38
Identify the THREE types of formal peer reviews that can be recognized. 1 credit
- A. Audit
- B. Inspection
- C. Technical review
- D. Assessment
- E. Management review
- F. Walkthrough
- G. Informal review
正解：B、C、F
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 39
Which of the following is a typical use of risk analysis? [1]
- A. Deciding what personnel should be assigned to which tests
- B. Determining the design of the tests used to mitigate each identified risk
- C. Forecasting the product delivery date
- D. Identifying the appropriate depth of testing for each identified risk
正解：D
解説：
Risk analysis is typically used to identify the appropriate depth of testing for each identified risk. This involves assessing the potential impact and likelihood of risks to prioritize testing efforts and ensure that high-risk areas are thoroughly tested.
References:The ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager syllabus and e-learning materials emphasize the importance of organizing and leading risk identification and risk analysis sessions. The outcomes of these sessions are used for test estimation, planning, monitoring, and control, which includes determining the depth of testing based on the identified risks
質問 # 40
Within the projects, a master test plan and phase test plan will be used. Following is a list of characteristics applicable for test plans:
a.Any deviation from the procedures described in the test
b.strategy document
c.The overall estimated costs, timescales and resource
d.requirements
e.A detailed schedule of testing activities
f.The development deliverables to be tested
g.Which test staff members (names) will be involved and when
h.Level of requirements coverage achieved
Which TWO of the above mentioned characteristics relate to the phase test plan? 1 credit
- A. c
- B. a
- C. d
- D. f
- E. e
- F. b
正解：A、E
解説：
Topic 10, Scenario 10, V3 "Online Application"
The cancellation of a current major development project has released resources. The development manager has decided to respond to his own request to tender and has proposed an in-house development with the use of a Rapid Application Development (RAO) approach.
質問 # 41
You have just conducted a skills assessment for your team. You decided to rate everyone from 1 to 5 in the skill areas as follows:
5 = expert
4 = proficient
3 = can use this skill effectively but will need some assistance
2 = interested in learning this skill but has only minimal knowledge
1 = not interested in learning this skill
Given these values, you have rated your team as shown in the table below for the designated skill areas:
You will be starting to test a new product that is an upgrade from one of your existing end user products. Your testing will include white box, performance, security, usability, and black box. You also have a goal to automate 100% of the smoke test and
50% of the regression tests by the end of the release.
Your team willingly shares knowledge and conducts regular lunch time cross-training sessions.
Your manager wants to know if you would like to bring in someone to help train your team in preparation for this project. In which area could you best utilize this help? [3]
- A. Training in black box techniques
- B. Training in domain knowledge
- C. Training in automation
- D. Training in customer support
正解：C
解説：
Based on the table, the area where your team could best utilize help is training in automation. This is because most of your team members are either not interested in learning this skill or have only minimal knowledge about it. Automation is an important skill for testing, especially for achieving your goal of automating the smoke test and the regression test. Training in automation can help your team to learn how to use various tools and frameworks to create, execute, and maintain automated test scripts. Training in automation can also improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and coverage of your testing process. Best Automation Courses & Certificates OnlineTraining - ISATop Automation Courses Online References:
* Best Automation Courses & Certificates Online
* Training - ISA
* Top Automation Courses Online
質問 # 42
Which of the following is least likely to be used as a technique to identify project and product risks? 1 credit
- A. Brainstorming
- B. Independent assessments
- C. Inspections
- D. Expert interviews
正解：C
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 43
Risks should be constantly reviewed. Given the current situation, which one of the following factors is most likely to lead to a revised view of product risk? 3 credits
- A. The concerns over the user interface may lead to changes to the interface which cannot be implemented by development in time for the second test iteration.
- B. The method used for test estimation is not accurate enough and hence the money spent on testing exceeded its budget.
- C. The delivery of the application without the interface changes may upset the user community.
- D. The concerns over the user interface raises the likelihood of a risk in that area and increases the amount of test effort needed for the user interface, thereby limiting the test effort available for other parts of the test management tool.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 44
Explain how the above mentioned report may differ from a report that you produce for the project manager, who is a test specialist Select TWO items from the following options that can be used to report to the project manager and would not be included in a report to senior management. 1 credit
- A. List of all outstanding defects with their priority and severity
- B. Show trend analysis
- C. Give product risk status
- D. State recommendations for release
- E. Show details on effort spent
正解：A、E
質問 # 45
Which of the following is a benefit of independent testing? 1 credit
- A. Developers do not have to take as much responsibility for quality.
- B. Testing is isolated from development.
- C. Independent testers find different defects and are unbiased.
- D. Code cannot be released into production until independent testing is complete.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Topic 8, Scenario 8, V2 "Test Proems Improvement'
You have raised the issue that improving the testing process is also dependent on the status of the software development process.
質問 # 46
Most managers in your company consider the efforts of your test team valuable, while others see comprehensive testing as an unnecessary cost overhead to the SDLC.
What action could the Test Manager take to quantify the value of testing to the organization? [3]
- A. Determine the cost of external failures.
- B. Demonstrate the role QA has in similar size organizations.
- C. Review the Test Plan with the management team.
- D. Develop metrics that illustrate planned and actual testing hours.
正解：A
解説：
Determining the cost of external failures involves analyzing the impact of defects that escape into production.
This includes the direct costs associated with fixing the defects, as well as the indirect costs such as customer dissatisfaction, damage to the company's reputation, and potential loss of business. By quantifying these costs, the Test Manager can illustrate the financial benefits of comprehensive testing in preventing high-cost external failures, thereby demonstrating its value as an investment rather than a cost overhead.
References:The ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager documents provide guidelines on how to establish and use metrics to measure the effectiveness and efficiency of the testing process, including the cost of quality and the Return on Investment (ROI) for testing activities. These references support the rationale behind choosing option C as the verified answer.
質問 # 47
Which of the following is a valid drawback of independent testing? 1 credit
- A. Independent testers will become a bottleneck and introduce problems in incident management.
- B. Independent testers need extra education and always cost more.
- C. Developer and independent testing will overlap and waste resources.
- D. Developers loose the sense of responsibility and independent testers may become a bottleneck.
正解：D
質問 # 48
You have done a comprehensive risk analysis. You have involved the appropriate people in assessing the risks and determining the likelihood and impact of those risks. You have been testing for three months and have been able to mitigate 75% of the high risk items. You have two weeks left in testing and you now do not expect to be able to complete all the items on the high-risk mitigation list, never mind any from the medium or low-risk lists.
What is the most effective action you should take? [3]
- A. Present your risk mitigation progress and project status to the project's stakeholders, and request additional time or assistance in re-prioritizing the remaining high-risk items.
- B. Concentrate testing in areas that have already found numerous problems.
- C. Use a random selection algorithm to pick tests from the high, medium, and low risk mitigation lists - thereby ensuring that each risk list has some mitigation.
- D. Retest the highest risk areas to ensure no regressions have occurred.
正解：A
解説：
When faced with the inability to complete all items on the high-risk mitigation list within the remaining time, the most effective action is to communicate the current progress and challenges to the stakeholders. This allows for a collaborative decision-making process to re-prioritize the remaining high-risk items and potentially secure additional resources or time to address them.
References:The ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager syllabus emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and control of test activities to achieve project objectives, which includes assessing and reporting relevant and timely test status to project stakeholders123. It also highlights the need for test managers to organize and lead risk identification and analysis sessions, and use the results for test planning, monitoring, and control2.
質問 # 49
Which of the following are valid reasons for adopting a different life cycle (from the V model), for increments after the first year? 2 credits i. We do not have a clear understanding of the requirements from a customer perspective.
ii. We see the risk of delivering requested functionality late as being higher than the risk of delivering a lower quality product.
iii. We do not have a budget for additional regression testing which is needed to ensure that existing functionality is not compromised by future iterations.
iv. The company test strategy does not fit well within the V life cycle model.
- A. (i) and (ii)
- B. (i) and (iv)
- C. (ii) and (iv)
- D. (ii) and (iii)
正解：A
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
Topic 6, Scenario 6, V4 "Independent Test Team"
You have for a while been trying to hire a second test automation specialist for your test team However, you did not have any luck in finding a suitable candidate. So now, you have been asked by IT management of XYZ to forward a proposal with alternative solutions for building an automated regression test suite at system test level over a period of 2 years including needed training and eventual handover to the test team.
質問 # 50
As part of the test strategy, entry and exit criteria will be defined for each test level. Which is NOT a valid reason for using entry and exit criteria? 1 credit
- A. Entry and exit criteria are a principal way for getting adequate resources.
- B. Using entry and exit criteria will prevent software that is not or poorly tested from going to the next test level.
- C. The expectation is that development testing is not adequate.
- D. Exit criteria are used to decide on when to stop testing.
正解：A
質問 # 51
You are reviewing the project's traceability matrix after the first cycle of testing. You have discovered that new requirements have been introduced and others have changed.
What should you do? [2]
- A. Re-assess the test coverage.
- B. Ask for more time and budget for testing.
- C. Assign the new requirements to a maintenance release, update the test documentation for the changed requirements.
- D. Update the "lessons learned" document to avoid future issues similar to this.
正解：A
解説：
The best action that you should take in this situation is to re-assess the test coverage. This is because the traceability matrix is a document that shows the relationship between the requirements and the test cases, and it can be used to measure the test coverage, which is the degree to which the requirements are tested. If new requirements have been introduced and others have changed, the test coverage may be affected, and some test cases may become obsolete or incomplete. Therefore, you should re-assess the test coverage and update the test cases accordingly, to ensure that the testing is consistent with the current requirements and the test objectives. Traceability Matrix - ISTQB not-for-profit association References: Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) - ISTQB not-for-profit association, ISTQB Test Manager Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB Official Registration, Traceability Matrix - ISTQB not-for-profit association
質問 # 52
Which of the following should be considered the biggest risk to the schedule when trying to implement formal scripted test cases early in the SDLC for a system with a large GUI front end? [2]
- A. The testers will be working on analysis and design early in the schedule.
- B. The developers may feel pressured not to change anything.
- C. Test maintenance might be required due to changes in the presentation layer.
- D. Early implementation might uncover errors in the design documentation.
正解：C
解説：
In the context of a system with a large GUI front end, the biggest risk to the schedule when implementing formal scripted test cases early in the SDLC is the potential need for test maintenance due to changes in the presentation layer. This is because the GUI is often subject to change, especially in theearly stages of development, as feedback is received and design adjustments are made. These changes can render early test scripts obsolete, requiring updates and maintenance, which can be time-consuming and delay the testing schedule.
References: The answer is supported by the ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, which emphasizes the importance of considering the volatility of the test object when planning test case design and implementation.
質問 # 53
Which of the following are primary activities in conducting product risk analysis? [1]
- A. Risk identification, risk testing
- B. Risk management, risk assessment
- C. Risk identification, risk assessment
- D. Risk testing, risk management
正解：C
解説：
Product risk analysis is the process of identifying and assessing the product risks that may affect the quality or functionality of the software under test1. Product risk analysis involves two primary activities: risk identification and risk assessment. Risk identification is the activity of finding, naming, and describing the risks that might affect the software under test2. Risk assessment is the activity of estimating the impact and probability of occurrence (likelihood) of the identified risks, and prioritizing them based on these factors3.
Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because risk testing and risk management are not primary activities of product risk analysis, but rather activities that follow or use the results of product risk analysis. Risk testing is the activity of designing, implementing, and executing tests based on the product risk levels to reduce the level of product risks and inform stakeholders of their status4. Risk management is the activity of planning, monitoring, and controlling the risks and the risk mitigation actions in the software project5. Option C is incorrect because risk identification and risk testing are not primary activities of product risk analysis, but rather activities that are part of product risk analysis and risk-based testing respectively. Option D is incorrect because risk management and risk assessment are not primary activities of product risk analysis, but rather activities that are part of risk management and product risk analysis respectively. References: 1: ISTQB Glossary, Product Risk Analysis 2: ISTQB Glossary, Risk Identification 3:
ISTQB Glossary, Risk Assessment 4: ISTQB Glossary, Risk-Based Testing 5: ISTQB Glossary, Risk Management : Product Risk Analysis (PRA) | TMap : Risk-Based Testing | ISTQB Glossary : Risk Analysis | ISTQB Glossary
質問 # 54
Which one of the following estimation approaches is appropriate at this stage of the project? 2 credits
- A. Create an estimate based on the complexity of the code
- B. Create an estimate based on the credentials of the successful bidder
- C. Create an estimate based on the function point analysis technique and test point analysis
- D. Create an estimate based on a percentage of the development effort
正解：C
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 55
Instead of having an independent test team within the company, the company is considering to outsource testing. What are THREE key challenges that are typical for outsourcing? 1 credit
- A. Applying test automation
- B. Testing of non-functional requirements
- C. Audit trail from requirements to test cases
- D. Test environment more complex
- E. Clear channels of communications
- F. Possibly different cultures
- G. Define expectation for tasks and deliverables
正解：E、F、G
解説：
Topic 7, Scenario 7 "Test Estimation"
You have been contracted to manage the acceptance testing of a new computer-based reservation system for a travel agency. You have provided an approximate budget estimate for the testing project based on previous experience with similar sized projects. However, the management of the parent company of the travel agency will not commit to the budget until detailed cost estimates are provided.
The reservation system is being developed by a third party However, detailed specifications of the software are available, as well as an estimate of the total effort that will be spent in developing the software. The software is to be delivered in four increments, and the functionality to be delivered in each increment has already been agreed on.
質問 # 56
Which work experience is likely to develop the necessary skills to effectively test a software system? [3]
- A. Being a member of the production group that supported the previous release of the system
- B. Being the developer of testing tools used for automation
- C. Being a former Test Manager
- D. Being the current Project Manager for the system
正解：B
解説：
Being the developer of testing tools used for automation is likely to develop the necessary skills to effectively test a software system because it involves a deep understanding of testing processes and the creation of tools that facilitate these processes. This experience provides insight into the intricacies of test automation, which is crucial for designing effective tests and ensuring thorough coverage of the system under test.
References: The current page suggests referring to the ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus and other ISTQB documents for a comprehensive understanding of the roles and skills required for effective software testing. It emphasizes the importance of alignment of methodologies in distributed testing models, which is relevant to the development and use of testing tools.
質問 # 57
IEEE 1028 also defines "management review" as a type of review. What is the main purpose of a management review? 1 credit
- A. To monitor progress, assess the status of a project, and make decisions about future actions
- B. Provide independent evaluation of compliance to processes, regulations, standards etc.
- C. Establish a common understanding of requirements
- D. Align technical concepts during the design phase
正解：A
質問 # 58
Which of the following software characteristics are possibly revealed through the application of a open source static analysis tool? [1]
- A. Memory leaks
- B. Concurrency thresholds
- C. Coding standard violations
- D. Timing dependencies
正解：C
解説：
A static analysis tool is a software tool that analyzes the source code of a program without executing it. It can detect various software characteristics, such as syntax errors, potential bugs, security vulnerabilities, code quality, and coding standard violations. Coding standard violations are deviations from the agreed or recommended rules and conventions for writing source code, such as naming, indentation, formatting, commenting, and complexity. A static analysis tool can check the source code against a predefined or customized coding standard and report any violations. Coding standard violations can affect the readability, maintainability, and portability of the code, and can also introduce defects or inconsistencies. List of tools for static code analysisTop 5 Open Source Source and Free Static Code Analysis Tools in 2020 References:
* List of tools for static code analysis - Wikipedia
* Top 5 Open Source Source and Free Static Code Analysis Tools in 2020 - GeeksforGeeks
質問 # 59
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