100%無料PSPO-II試験問題集リアルProfessional Scrum Product Owner問題集85解答を掴み取れ！ [Q21-Q44]

100%無料PSPO-II試験問題集リアルProfessional Scrum Product Owner問題集85解答を掴み取れ！

あなたを余裕でPSPO-II試験合格させます！100%試験高合格率保証 [2025]

スクラムPSPO-II認定試験は、スクラムフレームワークをしっかりと理解する必要がある挑戦的な試験と、アジャイル環境で製品所有者として働く実際の経験です。試験に合格した成功した候補者は、スクラムに関する専門知識と、成功した製品開発チームをリードする能力を実証することができます。スクラムPSPO-II認定は、経験豊富で知識豊富な製品所有者を雇い、アジャイル開発チームを率いることを目指している組織から非常に高く評価されています。

 

質問 # 21
The Developers inform the Product Owner during the Sprint that they are not likely to complete everything they forecasted. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?
(choose the best answer)

• A. Inform management that more resources are needed.
• B. Change the Sprint Goal to match what the Developers can deliver.
• C. Skip Product Backlog refinement activities.
• D. Reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal.
• E. End the Sprint, since the goal cannot be achieved.

正解：D

解説：
Explanation
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. This means that the Product Owner should collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to find the best way to deliver value in the current Sprint, even if the initial forecast is not met. The Product Owner should not change or abandon the Sprint Goal, as it is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Product Owner should also not skip Product Backlog refinement activities, as they are essential for preparing the Product Backlog for future Sprints. The Product Owner should not end the Sprint prematurely, as it may cause more disruption and waste than delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Product Owner should not inform management that more resources are needed, as it may imply that the Scrum Team is not self-organizing and cross-functional. The Product Owner should respect the Developers' autonomy and professionalism and support them in finding the best solution to the problem. Therefore, the best answer is to reduce the scope of the Sprint, if possible, to still meet the Sprint Goal. This means that the Product Owner and the Developers should negotiate the scope of the Sprint Backlog within the Sprint, removing or adding ProductBacklog items that are aligned with the Sprint Goal and the value delivery. References: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org

質問 # 22
Which of the following is a benefit of using Scrum as an agile approach? (choose the best answer)

• A. On-time deliver of fixed scope.
• B. Managing the business' exposure to risk.
• C. Increasing team velocity.
• D. All of the above.
• E. Managing team member utilization.

正解：B

質問 # 23
Personas can help to:
(choose the best answer)

• A. All of the above.
• B. Understand the needs of a set of users.
• C. Understand market potential.
• D. Discover key buying triggers.
• E. Formulate hypotheses about product value.

正解：A

解説：
Personas are fictional characters that represent the different user types that might use your product or service in a similar way1. Personas can help you to2345:
Understand the needs of a set of users by creating empathy and insight into their goals, behaviors, and pain points.
Formulate hypotheses about product value by identifying the problems and opportunities that your product can address for each user type.
Understand market potential by estimating the size and characteristics of each user segment and their willingness to pay for your product.
Discover key buying triggers by exploring the motivations, influences, and decision-making processes of each user type.
Design and test your product features and user experience by using personas as a guide and a reference point. References:
1: Personas - A Simple Introduction
2: The Complete Guide to User Personas and How They Can Help Your Marketing Strategy (With Examples)
3: Personas | Usability.gov
4: The importance of personas for digital experience
5: Personas | Definition and Overview

質問 # 24
Product A has a budget that is twice that of Product B. Both serve the same set of customers.
Does Product A create more value for the customers than Product B? (choose the best answer)

• A. We do not know unless we actually measure customer experience
• B. Yes, because with more funding it can address a broader set of customer needs.
• C. No; Product B may better meet the needs of customers by focusing more narrowly

正解：A

質問 # 25
While working on the current Sprint, the Developers realized that they overestimated the work, selected too much to finish. Likely, they cannot complete all the selected Product Backlog Items within the Sprint.
What should they do now? (choose the best answer).

• A. The Developers needs to collaborate with the Product Owner as soon as possible to remove some Product Backlog Items.
• B. Get help from another Scrum Team, establish Knowledge Transfer sessions to spread the knowledge.
• C. Wait until the Sprint Review to inform the Product Owner.
• D. Dilute the Definition of Done so that the Team can meet and finish all the required Product Backlog Items

正解：A

質問 # 26
Who participates at the Sprint Review? (choose all that apply)

• A. The Product Owner
• B. The Key Stakeholders
• C. The Developers
• D. The Organization CEO
• E. The Scrum Master

正解：A、B、C、D、E

質問 # 27
What percent of the time should a Product Owner dedicate to the Scrum Team?
(choose the best two answers)

• A. Enough time to ensure that the product Increment is valuable and useful.
• B. Just enough time to keep the Developers from complaining.
• C. 40%, or more if the stakeholders agree.
• D. As much as the stakeholders want to budget. Business analysts take over the role the rest of the time.
• E. 100%.
• F. Enough time to avoid the waste that is created by delaying answers to the Developers.

正解：A、F

解説：
B is correct because the Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Developers1, and delaying answers to the Developers can cause waste, rework, and missed opportunities2. E is correct because the Product Owner is responsible for ensuring that the product Increment is valuable and useful for the stakeholders and customers3, and this requires close collaboration and feedback with the Scrum Team and the users4. A is incorrect because the Product Owner does not need to dedicate 100% of their time to the Scrum Team, as they also have other accountabilities such as engaging with the market, managing the product vision, and aligning with the business strategy5. C is incorrect because the Product Owner is not a proxy for the stakeholders, and they should not delegate their role to business analysts or anyone else. D is incorrect because the Product Owner does not need the approval of the stakeholders to decide how much time they spend with the Scrum Team, as they are empowered to make the best decisions for the product. F is incorrect because the Product Owner should not base their time allocation on the complaints of the Developers, but on the value and quality of the product.

質問 # 28
What might indicate to a Product Owner that they need to work more with the Scrum Team?
(choose the best answer)

• A. People frequently leave the Scrum Team.
• B. The Increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect their expectations.
• C. They are not working full time with the Scrum Team.
• D. The acceptance criteria for the Product Backlog items do not appear to be complete.

正解：B

解説：
Option D is the best answer because it indicates that the Product Owner and the Scrum Team are not aligned on the vision, goals, and value of the product. The Product Owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Scrum Team1. To do so, the Product Owner needs to work closely with the Scrum Team, communicate the product vision, provide clear and valuable Product Backlog items, collaborate on the Sprint Goal, and inspect and adapt the product based on feedback23.
If the Increment presented at the Sprint Review does not reflect the Product Owner's expectations, it means that there is a gap between what the Product Owner wants and what the Scrum Team delivers.
This gap can lead to waste, rework, dissatisfaction, and missed opportunities. The Product Owner should work more with the Scrum Team to ensure that they have a shared understanding of the product and its value proposition, and that they deliver Increments that meet the Definition of Done and the acceptance criteria45.
Option A is not the best answer because it does not necessarily imply that the Product Owner needs to work more with the Scrum Team. People may leave the Scrum Team for various reasons, such as personal, professional, or organizational factors. While the Product Owner should care about the well-being and motivation of the Scrum Team members, and try to foster a positive and collaborative environment, the Product Owner is not accountable for the people management or the team composition1. The Scrum Master is more likely to address the issues that cause people to leave the Scrum Team, such as impediments, conflicts, or dysfunctions.
Option B is not the best answer because it does not necessarily imply that the Product Owner needs to work more with the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is expected to spend enough time with the Scrum Team to provide them with the necessary guidance and feedback2. However, the Product Owner also has other responsibilities, such as engaging with stakeholders, customers, and users, managing the Product Backlog, validating the product value, and aligning the product strategy with the business goals12. The Product Owner does not need to work full time with the Scrum Team, as long as they are available and accessible when needed, and they empower the Scrum Team to make decisions and self-organize .
Option C is not the best answer because it does not necessarily imply that the Product Owner needs to work more with the Scrum Team. The acceptance criteria for the Product Backlog items are the conditions that must be met for the items to be considered done and valuable. The Product Owner is accountable for defining and communicating the acceptance criteria to the Scrum Team1. However, the Product Owner can also collaborate with the Scrum Team and the stakeholders to refine and clarify the acceptance criteria, and to ensure that they are aligned with the Definition of Done and the Sprint Goal .
The acceptance criteria for the Product Backlog items may not appear to be complete at the beginning of the Sprint, but they can be refined and updated throughout the Sprint, as long as they do not change the scope or the value of the items. The Product Owner should work with the Scrum Team to ensure that the acceptance criteria are clear, testable, and valuable, but they do not need to work more with the Scrum Team just because the acceptance criteria are not complete at a certain point in time.
References:
1: Product Owner Accountabilities
2: Product Backlog Management
3: Product Value
4: Product Vision
5: Sprint Review
6: Scrum Master Accountabilities
7: Stakeholders & Customers
8: Business Strategy
9: Definition of Done
10: Product Backlog Refinement
11: Sprint Planning
12: Sprint Backlog

質問 # 29
The primary accountability of a Product Owner is:
(choose the best answer)

• A. Interfacing between the Developers and the customers.
• B. Writing User Stories that the Scrum Team can fully understand.
• C. Maximizing the value of the work that the Scrum Team delivers.
• D. Managing the Product Backlog.

正解：C

解説：
The primary accountability of a Product Owner within the Scrum framework is to maximize the value of the work that the Scrum Team delivers. This involves managing the Product Backlog, but the overarching responsibility is ensuring that the team's efforts translate into value

質問 # 30
Personas can help to:
(choose the best answer)

• A. All of the above.
• B. Understand the needs of a set of users.
• C. Understand market potential.
• D. Discover key buying triggers.
• E. Formulate hypotheses about product value.

正解：A

質問 # 31
Which of the following activities should a Product Owner never do?
(choose the best answer)

• A. Dictate the Sprint Goal.
• B. Establish a Product Goal.
• C. Decide when to release the product Increment.
• D. Accept work done during the Sprint.

正解：A

解説：
According to the Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II certification guide1, the Sprint Goal is the single objective for the Sprint. It is a commitment made by the Scrum Team during Sprint Planning. The Sprint Goal provides guidance to the Developers on why it is valuable to build a coherent Increment. The Product Owner proposes how the product could increase its value and utility in the current Sprint. The whole Scrum Team then collaborates to define a Sprint Goal that communicates why the Sprint is valuable to stakeholders. The Product Owner should not dictate the Sprint Goal, but rather collaborate with the Developers and the Scrum Master to create a shared understanding and alignment. The other options are not activities that a Product Owner should never do, because they are either part of the Product Owner's accountabilities (A, C, D) or may be done in collaboration with others (A, D). References: 1: Professional Scrum Product Owner™ II Certification | Scrum.org

質問 # 32
If a Product Owner finds themselves with more work to do than they can give attention to, what strategy can help them achieve the things that need to be done?
(choose the best answer)

• A. Split the Product Owner role into "Business Product Owner" and "Technical Product Owner" roles to spread the work.
• B. Delegate tasks like detailing Product Backlog items, interviewing users, and analyzing data to Developers.
• C. All of the above.
• D. None of the above.
• E. Break the product into components, each with their own Product Owner, and create a
  "Chief Product Owner" role who is responsible for the integrated product.

正解：B

解説：
The Scrum framework encourages the delegation of tasks to promote team ownership and efficiency. Delegating tasks like detailing Product Backlog items, interviewing users, and analyzing data to Developers allows the Product Owner to focus on value maximization and leverage the skills of the Developers12. This approach aligns with the Scrum principle of self-organization and empowerment of the Development Team.

質問 # 33
Which two Key Value Areas are most affected by the daily frequency a team is switching tasks or is interrupted? (choose the best two answers)

• A. Current Value.
• B. Unrealized Value.
• C. Time to Market.
• D. All of the above.
• E. Ability to Innovate.

正解：C、E

質問 # 34
The timebox for the Sprint Review is:
(choose the best answer)

• A. Any length of time needed.
• B. At the end of every Sprint.
• C. 4 hours for a 4-week Sprint. Usually shorter for shorter Sprints.
• D. 15 minutes.

正解：C

質問 # 35
A Product Owner is needed for every:
(choose the best answer)

• A. Product.
• B. Program.
• C. All of the above.
• D. Portfolio.

正解：A

解説：
Explanation
The Product Owner is the sole person accountable for managing the Product Backlog and ensuring the value of the work the Scrum Team performs. The Product Owner is one person, not a committee. The Product Owner may represent the desires of a committee in the Product Backlog, but those wanting to change a Product Backlog item's priority must address the Product Owner1. The Product Owner is responsible for the product and its outcome2.
A product is a vehicle to deliver value. It has a clear boundary, known stakeholders, well-defined users or customers. A product could be a physical product, a software product, a service, a project, or something else3. A product has a product vision, which is the overarching goal of the product, the reason for creating it, and the impact it should have on its customers and users4.
A portfolio is a collection of products or projects that are aligned with a strategic goal or an organizational unit5. A program is a group of related projects or products that are managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually. A portfolio or a program may have a portfolio or program manager, who is responsible for overseeing the alignment, prioritization, and governance of the portfolio or program . However, these roles are not equivalent to the Product Owner role, as they do not have the same accountabilities and authorities as the Product Owner.
Therefore, the correct answer is that a Product Owner is needed for every product, not for every portfolio or program. References: 1: Scrum Guide 2: Understanding and Applying theScrum Framework 3: Managing Products with Agility 4: [Product Vision] 5: [Portfolio] : [Program] : [Portfolio Management] : [Program Management]

質問 # 36
In order to justify the price increase of a product, your primary objective should be to:
(choose the best answer)

• A. Reduce the number of features to make the product easier to use.
• B. Reduce the price for a period of time before increasing it above the original price.
• C. Improve the value experienced by the customer.
• D. Add more features to make the product more attractive.

正解：C

解説：
According to the PSPO II resources, a product owner should optimize the value of the product and the work of the Scrum Team1. One way to do this is to improve the value experienced by the customer, which is the perception and evaluation of the product by the customer2. A price increase can be justified if the customer perceives that the product delivers more value than the cost3. This can be achieved by enhancing the product quality, functionality, usability, or design, or by providing additional benefits or services to the customer4. The other options are not effective ways to justify a price increase, as they may either reduce the value experienced by the customer, or increase the cost without increasing the value. References:
1: The Scrum Guide
2: User Experience
3: Value-Based Pricing
4: 8 Techniques to Justify a Price Increase
5: Justification for a Price Increase: Positioning For Success

質問 # 37
Which of the following are true when it comes to scaling the Product Owner accountability?

• A. The Product Owner can be assisted by the Developers
• B. Select all that apply
• C. A large Product should have a Chief Product Owner
• D. Each Product has a Product Owner
• E. There is only 1 Product Backlog per Product
• F. Each Product has one Product Owner

正解：A、D、E、F

質問 # 38
What questions would an organization ask in order to evaluate Current Value? (choose all that apply)

• A. What prevents customers or users from benefiting from that innovation?
• B. How happy are your investors and other stakeholders? Is their happiness improving or declining?
• C. How happy are your employees? Is their happiness improving or declining?
• D. How fast can you deliver new value to customers?
• E. How happy are users and customers today? Is their happiness improving or declining?

正解：B、C、E

質問 # 39
The Developers have the final say on when to release an increment. (choose the best answer)

• A. True. The Developers are accountable for doing the work and owning the release process.
• B. True. The Developers deploy to production when the increment is shippable.
• C. False. The increment is released after it has passed UAT.
• D. False. The Product Owner decides when it is best to release.

正解：D

質問 # 40
Your product's nearest competitor has lower market share, but has higher customer satisfaction, though they lack some key features of your product. You are losing market share to them as customers discover them. They release 3 times faster than you, which is helping them to win customers. What should you do first in response?
(choose the best answer)

• A. Find new markets for your product that your competitor is not yet in.
• B. Lower your product's price to make it more attractive to new and existing customers.
• C. Add features to your next release that you think will retain and win customers.
• D. Improve your time-to-market and rate of innovation to improve your responsiveness.

正解：D

解説：
Very Very Short Explanation: According to the PSPO II guidelines, the focus should be on improving time-to- market and rate of innovation to enhance responsiveness . This aligns with the principles of agility and Scrum, which emphasize the importance of delivering value quickly and responding to market changes123.
By improving these areas, you can better meet customer needs and compete more effectively in the market.

質問 # 41
Your stakeholders are very demanding and each of them has at least one feature that they say is essential for the next release. As the Product Owner, you have validated that the feature requests are all valid requests and would likely add value to your product. What should you do?
(choose the best answer)

• A. Pick the two most influential stakeholders and satisfy their needs, then release.
• B. Release when you can satisfy at least a single outcome, even though not all features are implemented.
• C. Escalate to the steering committee to make the call.
• D. Wait until all essential features are complete before releasing the product.

正解：B

解説：
Let's analyze each option and determine the best course of action for a Product Owner in this situation, keeping in mind the PSPO II objectives and competencies:
* C. Release when you can satisfy at least a single outcome, even though not all features are implemented.
* Verification: This is the correct answer.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Product Value
* This option aligns with the principle of maximizing value by delivering value early and often.
* It emphasizes focusing on valuable outcomes rather than just completing a list of features.
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Business Strategy
* Releasing a product increment that provides value allows for faster feedback and learning, which can inform future decisions and help to align the product with the overall business strategy.
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Stakeholders & Customers
* While stakeholder management is important, focusing on delivering a valuable outcome is a better way to manage expectations and build trust in the long term.
* Scrum Guide: The Scrum Guide emphasizes the importance of delivering a "Done", usable, and potentially releasable product Increment every Sprint. This aligns with the concept of releasing when a valuable outcome is achieved.
* Additional Explanation: By focusing on outcomes, the Product Owner can prioritize the most valuable features that contribute to that outcome. This may mean that not all stakeholder requests are met in the initial release, but it allows for delivering value sooner and adapting based on feedback.
* A. Wait until all essential features are complete before releasing the product.
* Verification: This is incorrect.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Product Value
* This approach delays the realization of value and increases the risk of building the wrong thing.
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Forecasting & Release Planning
* Waiting for all features delays feedback and learning, making it difficult to adapt the product to changing market conditions or user needs.
* Scrum Guide: This contradicts the iterative and incremental nature of Scrum, where the goal is to deliver value frequently.
* B. Pick the two most influential stakeholders and satisfy their needs, then release.
* Verification: This is incorrect.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Product Value
* Prioritizing based on influence rather than value can lead to building the wrong product.
* Professional Scrum Competency: Managing Products with Agility - Stakeholders & Customers
* While stakeholder management is important, the Product Owner's primary responsibility is to maximize product value, not to cater to the most influential stakeholders.
* Additional Explanation: This approach can damage trust with other stakeholders and create a political environment rather than a collaborative one.
* D. Escalate to the steering committee to make the call.
* Verification: This is incorrect.
* Explanation and References:
* Professional Scrum Competency: Evolving the Agile Organization - Portfolio Planning
* The Product Owner is empowered to make decisions about the product and should not routinely escalate prioritization decisions.
* Professional Scrum Competency: Understanding and Applying the Scrum
Framework - Applying the Scrum Framework - Self-Managing Teams
* The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product.
Escalating to a steering committee undermines this accountability.
* Additional Explanation: This approach undermines the Product Owner's authority and can lead to delays and inefficient decision-making.
In conclusion, the best approach is to release when a valuable outcome can be achieved, even if not all requested features are implemented. This aligns with the principles of iterative development, value maximization, and frequent feedback, all of which are core to Scrum and emphasized in the PSPO II competencies.

質問 # 42
John is a new Product Owner and he invites a few stakeholders to the Product Backlog Refinement sessions. The Stakeholders instruct John on what the priorities of the Product Backlog items should be. The stakeholders at this point know more about the functional requirements of these items. Should John only priorities the Product Backlog items based on the received stakeholder feedback?

• A. No
• B. Yes

正解：A

質問 # 43
The environment in which a product will be used changes and emerges continually. What is the effect on the Product Backlog?
(choose the best answer)

• A. There is no effect, the Product Backlog must stay the same until the end of the project.
• B. The Product Backlog is archived and a new Product Backlog is created to take its place
• C. The Product Backlog evolves to reflect what the product needs to be most valuable.
• D. The requirements specification document, describing the Product Backlog items, must be updated to ensure stability.

正解：C

解説：
Option B is the best answer because it reflects the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is a living artifact that represents the current understanding of what the product needs to be most valuable for the customers and the stakeholders1. The Product Backlog is not a fixed or static document, but rather an emergent and dynamic one that adapts to the changing environment, needs, and feedback. The Product Owner is accountable for managing the Product Backlog and ensuring that it is transparent, ordered, and refined2. The Product Owner collaborates with the Scrum Team and the stakeholders to inspect and adapt the Product Backlog items based on the new insights, opportunities, and learnings that arise from the changing environment34. The Product Owner also uses various techniques, such as product vision, value proposition, user stories, experiments, and evidence-based management, to define, validate, and prioritize the Product Backlog items5 .
Option A is not the best answer because it contradicts the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is not a requirements specification document, but rather a list of hypotheses and assumptions that need to be tested and validated in the real world5. The Product Backlog items are not detailed or fixed upfront, but rather refined and clarified as they get closer to implementation2. Updating the requirements specification document to ensure stability implies a plan-driven and predictive approach that does not embrace change and feedback, and that does not optimize value delivery.
Option C is not the best answer because it contradicts the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is not a project plan, but rather a product roadmap that guides the development of the product. The Product Backlog does not have a predefined end date or scope, but rather evolves and changes as the product grows and matures1. Keeping the Product Backlog the same until the end of the project implies a plan-driven and predictive approach that does not embrace change and feedback, and that does not optimize value delivery.
Option D is not the best answer because it contradicts the agile and empirical nature of Scrum and Product Ownership. The Product Backlog is not a disposable artifact, but rather a cumulative and iterative one that builds on the previous work and learnings1. The Product Backlog items are not discarded or replaced, but rather refined and updated as the product evolves and changes2. Archiving the Product Backlog and creating a new one implies a disruptive and wasteful approach that does not leverage the existing knowledge and feedback, and that does not optimize value delivery.
References:
1: Product Backlog
2: Product Backlog Management
3: Empiricism
4: Stakeholders & Customers
5: Product Vision
6: Product Value
7: Evidence-Based Management
8: [Agile Manifesto]
9: [Product Roadmap]
10: Product Owner Accountabilities
11: Sprint Review
12: Product Backlog Refinement
13: [User Stories]
14: [Value Proposition]
15: [Experiments]

質問 # 44
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