合格させるCWAP-404試験一発合格保証100%カバー率でリアル試験問題 [2024年06月]
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質問 # 10
You are explaining capacity planning to another engineer assisting you on a WLAN implementation project.
As part of the explanation, you provide the following formula:
C = B * log2(1 + S/N).
What does this formula define?
- A. Minimum signal strength for a data rate
- B. Bandwidth capabilities of a channel
- C. The WEP encryption algorithm
- D. Maximum signal strength of a channel
正解：B
質問 # 11
As the WLAN administrator in your organization you are responsible for troubleshooting connection issues. Several STAs are connecting to the network, but are unable to communicate after connection. You suspect a DHCP problem. After capturing traffic on the wired-side of the AP, you want to view only DHCP traffic. What filter in Wireshark can be used for this purpose?
- A. BOOTP
- B. DHCP
- C. DHCPv4
- D. DHCPv6
正解：A
質問 # 12
To what data rates can a 5 GHz PHY device shift when changers occur in the signal strength?
- A. 24, 18, 12, 5.5
- B. 11, 5.5, 2, 1
- C. 24, 18, 12, 6
- D. 24, 18, 11, 2
正解：C
質問 # 13
Which statements regarding an IEEE 802.11 Channel Switch Announcement frame are true?
(Choose 2)
- A. Channel Switch Announcement elements may be carried in Beacon management frames.
- B. Channel Switch Announcement frames are the only place where the Channel Switch Announcement element is found.
- C. Channel Switch Announcement frames are transmitted and retransmitted on a channel until all associated STAs successfully move to the new channel.
- D. In an infrastructure BSS, Channel Switch Announcement frames may be transmitted by either the AP or an associated STA.
- E. Channel Switch Announcement frames use the Action frame body format.
正解：A、E
質問 # 14
What element was added to the general frame of 802.11 with the 802.11e amendment and the
802.11- 2007 rollup?
- A. RSN-IE
- B. HT Control
- C. Address 4
- D. QoS Control
正解：D
質問 # 15
After examining a Beacon frame decode you see the SSID Element has a length of 0. What do you conclude about this frame?
- A. This is a common attack on WISP backend SQL databases
- B. The beacon is from a BSS configured to hide the SSID
- C. The frame is corrupted
- D. SSID elements always have a length of 0
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
If the SSID element has a length of 0 in a Beacon frame decode, it means that the beacon is from a BSS configured to hide the SSID. The SSID element is a part of the Beacon frame that contains the name or identifier of the BSS. The SSID element has two fields: length and value. The length field indicates how many bytes are used for the value field, which contains the actual SSID string. If the length field is 0, it means that there is no value field or SSID string in the element. This is a common technique used by some APs to hide their SSID from passive scanning clients or potential attackers. However, this technique does not provide much security, as there are other ways to discover or reveal the hidden SSID, such as active scanning or capturing probe response or association frames. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-404], Chapter 5: 802.11 MAC Sublayer, page 122-123
質問 # 16
When a data frame is encrypted with WPA2, to which portion of the frame is the encryption applied?
- A. Frame body including the LLC
- B. The whole MPDU
- C. Frame body excluding the LLC
- D. Frame body and MAC Header
正解：A
解説：
When a data frame is encrypted with WPA2, the encryption is applied to the frame body including the LLCPDU. The LLCPDU (Logical Link Control Protocol Data Unit) is a part of the frame body that contains information such as protocol type, source and destination service access points (SAPs), and control fields. The LLCPDU is added by the LLC (Logical Link Control) sublayer to provide multiplexing and flow control functions for different upper layer protocols. When a data frame is encrypted with WPA2, which uses AES-CCMP as its encryption algorithm, both the payload and the LLCPDU are encrypted as a single unit. The MAC header and FCS are not encrypted, as they are needed for addressing and error detection purposes.
質問 # 17
ABC Company requires the ability to identify and quickly locate rogue devices. ABC has chosen an overlay WIPS solution with Wi-Fi sensors that use dipole antennas to perform this task. No other sensors are included. Use your knowledge of location tracking techniques to answer the question.
Which one of the following location methods is not available in the described system?
- A. GPS Positioning
- B. Trilateration of RSSI measurements
- C. Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA)
- D. RF Fingerprinting
正解：A
質問 # 18
When evaluating modulation and coding schemes, you must determine the best coding rate available.
In 802.11 MCS tables, what is the best coding rate from the perspective of highest data rates?
- A. 2/3
- B. 5/6
- C. 3/4
- D. 1/2
正解：B
質問 # 19
In the 2.4 GHZ band, what data rate are Probe Requests usually sent at from an unassociated STA?
- A. 6 Mbps
- B. 1 Mbps
- C. The minimum basic rate
- D. MCS 0
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
In the 2.4 GHz band, probe requests are usually sent at the minimum basic rate from an unassociated STA. A probe request is a type of management frame that is transmitted by a STA to discover available BSSs in its vicinity. A probe request can be sent on one or more channels in either passive or active scanning mode. In passive scanning mode, a STA listens for beacon frames from APs on each channel. In active scanning mode, a STA sends probe requests on each channel and waits for probe responses from APs. A probe request is usually sent at the minimum basic rate, which is the lowest data rate among the supported rates that is required for all STAs to join and communicate with a BSS. The minimum basic rate can vary depending on the configuration of each BSS, but it is typically one of these values: 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, or 11 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. The other options are not correct, as they do not reflect how probe requests are usually sent in the 2.4 GHz band. MCS 0 is a modulation and coding scheme used by 802.11n/ac devices in either band, but it is not a data rate per se. 6 Mbps is a data rate used by OFDM devices in either band, but it is not usually configured as a minimum basic rate in the 2.4 GHz band. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-404], Chapter 5: 802.11 MAC Sublayer, page 123-124
質問 # 20
You are performing a multiple adapter channel aggregation capture to troubleshoot a VoIP roaming problem and would like to measure the roaming time from the last VoIP packet sent on the old AP's channel to the first VoIP packet sent on the new AP's channel. Which timing column in the packet view would measure this for you?
- A. Delta
- B. Roaming
- C. Relative
- D. Absolute
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Delta is the timing column in the packet view that measures the time difference between two consecutive packets in a capture file. Delta can be used to measure the roaming time from the last VoIP packet sent on the old AP's channel to the first VoIP packet sent on the new AP's channel by selecting these two packets and looking at their delta values. The other timing columns are not suitable for this measurement because they do not show the time difference between two specific packets. Roaming is a column that shows whether a packet belongs to a roaming event or not. Relative is a column that shows the time elapsed since the beginning of the capture file. Absolute is a column that shows the date and time when a packet was captured5 References:
CWAP-404 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Protocol Analysis, page 57
CWAP-404 Objectives, Section 2.4: Analyze timing values
質問 # 21
A PHY Header is added to the PSDU at which sub-layer?
- A. LLC
- B. Network
- C. PHY
- D. MAC
正解：C
質問 # 22
You are responsible for troubleshooting and analysis of the WLAN in your organization that supports more than 700 client STAs. Forty APs are deployed and they are all dual-band APs and are controller-based. You must troubleshoot the wired side in some scenarios using a protocol analyzer. Which one of the following problems would warrant wired-side analysis in most situations?
- A. High 802.11 CRC rates
- B. WMM QoS issues
- C. High 802.11 retry rates
- D. DHCP problems
正解：B
質問 # 23
Which information elements (IE) are contained in an IEEE 802.11 Probe Request frame?
(Choose 2)
- A. Association ID
- B. SSID
- C. RSN IE
- D. Supported rates
- E. Status code
正解：B、D
質問 # 24
What is the difference between a Data frame and a QoS-Data frame?
- A. QoS Data frames include a DSCP control field
- B. QoS Data frames include a QoS control field
- C. QoS Data frames include a QoS information element
- D. QoS Data frames include an 802.1Q VLAN tag
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The difference between a Data frame and a QoS-Data frame is that QoS Data frames include a QoS control field. A Data frame is a type of data frame that is used to carry user data or upper layer protocol data between STAs and APs. A QoS Data frame is a type of data frame that is used to carry user data or upper layer protocol data between STAs and APs that support QoS (Quality of Service) features. QoS features allow different types of traffic to be prioritized and handled differently according to their QoS requirements, such as delay, jitter, throughput, etc. QoS Data frames include a QoS control field in their MAC header, which contains information such as traffic identifier (TID), queue size (TXOP), acknowledgment policy (ACK), etc., that are used for QoS purposes. The other options are not correct, as they do not describe the difference between Data and QoS Data frames. QoS Data frames do not include a DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point) control field, which is part of the IP header in the network layer, not the MAC header in the data link layer. QoS Data frames do not include a QoS information element (IE), which is part of some management frames that indicate QoS capabilities or parameters, not data frames. QoS Data frames do not include an 802.1Q VLAN tag, which is part of some Ethernet frames that indicate VLAN membership or priority, not wireless frames. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-404], Chapter 5: 802.11 MAC Sublayer, page 118-119
質問 # 25
What is the function of the PMD sub-layer?
- A. Provides framing
- B. Converts 1s and 0s given to it by the PLCP sub-layer into the appropriate RF signals
- C. Performs A-MPDU
- D. Adds a PHY preamble and header to a PSDU
正解：B
質問 # 26
Why is a high CRC error rate in L2 protocol analysis software NOT always a valid indicator of network performance? (Choose 3)
- A. Layer 2 protocol analysis can only collect and interpret data that is received properly at the MAC layer, and cannot quantify some PHY-layer problems.
- B. If the protocol analysis radio hardware is not located in the same area as intended client devices or APs, its data sampling may not be representative of actual traffic on the network.
- C. Radio and antenna hardware used for protocol analysis may not match the receive sensitivity, diversity, MIMO, or antenna gain capabilities of the network WLAN hardware.
- D. If protocol analysis software is not properly configured with frame decryption parameters, it can't accurately calculate a CRC, which includes the encrypted frame body contents.
正解：A、B、C
質問 # 27
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