[2024年07月20日] 心強いPSM-IのPDF問題集はPSM-I問題
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質問 # 74
Which two of the following are appropriate topics for discussion during a Sprint Retrospective? (Choose two.)
- A. Identifying high priority process improvements for the next Sprint.
- B. Documenting acceptance criteria for items in the next Sprint.
- C. The order of items in the Product Backlog.
- D. How the team collaborates.
正解：A、D
質問 # 75
Why should the Product Owner be present at the Daily Scrum? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. He/She doesn't need to be there.
- B. To hear about impediments in functionality.
- C. To participate as a Scrum Team member.
- D. To represent the stakeholder's point of view.
正解：A
質問 # 76
Developers are self-managing, which of the following do they manage? (choose the best answer)
- A. Product Backlog ordering
- B. Sprint length
- C. When lo release, based on this progress.
- D. Sprint Backlog.
- E. Stakeholders for the Sprint Review
正解：D
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, Developers are self-managing, which means that they manage their own Sprint Backlog. They decide how to organize their work and collaborate effectively to deliver a valuable Increment that meets the Definition of Done and the Sprint Goal. The other options are not valid, as they imply that Developers manage things that are either determined by the Scrum framework (such as Sprint length), by collaboration with other roles (such as when to release or stakeholders for the Sprint Review), or by the Product Owner (such as Product Backlog ordering).
質問 # 77
What is the function or purpose of management in Scrum?
(choose the best answer)
- A. To continually monitor staffing levels of the Scrum Team.
- B. To monitor the productivity of the Developers.
- C. To identify and remove people that are not working hard enough.
- D. To present the Scrum Teams with insights and resources that help them improve.
正解：D
解説：
The best answer is C. The function or purpose of management in Scrum is to present the Scrum Teams with insights and resources that help them improve. According to the article What is the Function or Purpose of Management in Scrum?, management is still critical to providing vision, securing resources, hiring talent, training teams, removing roadblocks, and continuously improving. Management also encourages collaboration and establishes Scrum Team autonomy, which are essential for Scrum's values and principles.
A, B and D are not good answers because they imply a command-and-control approach that contradicts Scrum's values of respect, openness, and self-organization. Management in Scrum is not supposed to micromanage, judge, or interfere with the work of the Developers, but rather support them and enable them to deliver value.
質問 # 78
What are three ways Scrum promotes self-organization? (Choose three.)
- A. By being a lightweight framework.
- B. By the Development Team deciding what work to do in a Sprint.
- C. By preventing stakeholders from entering the development room.
- D. By removing titles for Development Team members.
- E. By not allowing documentation.
正解：A、B、D
質問 # 79
To get started in terms of what to build, Scrum requires no more than a Product Owner with enough ideas for a first Sprint, a Development Team to implement those ideas and a Scrum Master to help guide the process.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：A
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, Scrum does not require or provide any specific techniques or methods for product definition. Rather, Scrum provides a framework with roles, rules, and events within which complex products can be developed. To get started in terms of what to build, Scrum requires no more than a Product Owner with enough ideas for a first Sprint, a Development Team to implement those ideas and a Scrum Master to help guide the process.
質問 # 80
The Product Owner determines how many Product Backlog items the Development Team selects for a Sprint.
- A. False.
- B. True, but only after confirmation by the resource manager that the Team has enough capacity.
- C. True, accordingly to what was committed to the stakeholders.
- D. False, capacity and commitment are the Project manager's responsibility.
- E. True.
- F. False, the Scrum Master does that.
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is A, because the Product Owner does not determine how many Product Backlog items the Development Team selects for a Sprint. The Scrum Guide states that "the number of items selected from the Product Backlog for the Sprint is solely up to the Development Team. Only the Development Team can assess what it can accomplish over the upcoming Sprint." Therefore, the Development Team is responsible for choosing the scope of work for a Sprint.
質問 # 81
Who has the final decision about the order of items in the Product Backlog? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. The Developers.
- B. The Product Owner.
- C. The Scrum Master.
- D. The Scrum Team.
- E. The Stakeholders.
正解：B
質問 # 82
user documentation is part ot your Definition ot Done. However, there are not enough technical writers for all teams. Your Scrum Team does not have a technical writer. What should the Scrum Team do?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Form a separate team of technical writers that will work on an on-demand basis tor the various Product Owners. Work order will be first in, first out.
- B. Let the user documentation remain undone and accumulate until after the last development Sprint. It will then be done by any available technical writers.
- C. The Developers on the Scrum Team should write the user documentatiom
- D. Wait until you have a technical writer on your Scrum Team to take care of this.
正解：C
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the Developers on the Scrum Team should write the user documentation, as they are responsible for creating a "Done" Increment that meets the Definition of Done and the Sprint Goal. The other options are not valid, as they imply that the user documentation can be deferred, ignored, or outsourced, which is not consistent with Scrum values and principles.
質問 # 83
The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a done Increment of product.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：A
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, the heart of Scrum is a Sprint, a time-box of one month or less during which a "Done", useable, and potentially releasable product Increment is created. The Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal. Each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly verified, ensuring that all Increments work together.
質問 # 84
During a Sprint Retrospective, for what is the Product Owner responsible?
- A. Participating as a Scrum Team member.
- B. The Product Owner should not take part in Sprint Retrospectives.
- C. Summarizing and reporting the discussions to the stakeholders that he/she represents in the Scrum Team.
- D. Capturing requirements for the Product Backlog.
正解：A
質問 # 85
During a Sprint Retrospective, the Development Team proposes moving the Daily Scrum to only occur on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Which two are the most appropriate responses for the Scrum Master? (Choose two.)
- A. Consider the request and decide on which days the Daily Scrum should occur.
- B. Learn why the Development Team wants this and work with them to improve the outcome of the Daily Scrum.
- C. Have the developers vote.
- D. Acknowledge and support the self-organizing team's decision.
- E. Coach the team on why the Daily Scrum is important as an opportunity to update the plan.
正解：B、E
解説：
The correct answers are B and D, because these are the most appropriate responses for the Scrum Master. The Scrum Master should coach the team on why the Daily Scrum is important as an opportunity to update the plan, inspect the progress, and synchronize the activities of the Development Team. The Scrum Master should also learn why the Development Team wants this and work with them to improve the outcome of the Daily Scrum, rather than imposing a decision or accepting their request without question.
質問 # 86
In order to achieve the benefits of Scrum, it is important to enact the value of commitment. What two actions demonstrate the commitment of Scrum Team members? (Choose two.)
- A. Send out a daily status report.
- B. Always deliver the items in the Sprint forecast.
- C. Do your best
- D. Work late.
- E. Help the other Scrum Team members.
正解：C、E
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, there are five values that guide decisions within Scrum teams:
Commitment
Focus
Openness
Respect
Courage
In order to achieve the benefits of Scrum, it is important to enact these values. Two actions that demonstrate the commitment of Scrum Team members are:
Help the other Scrum Team members, as they work together as a self-organizing team to accomplish the Sprint Goal and create the anticipated Increment by the end of the Sprint.
Do your best, as they strive to deliver a potentially releasable Increment that meets the definition of "Done" and provides value to the stakeholders.
質問 # 87
What does it mean for a Scrum Team to be cross-functional?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Scrum Team includes not only developers but also business analysts, architects, and testers.
- B. The Scrum Team includes skilled individuals who together have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint.
- C. Developers on the Scrum Team work closely with business analysts, architects, developers, and testers who are not on the team.
- D. The Scrum Team is a virtual team drawing from separate teams of business analysts, architects, developers, and testers.
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is B. The Scrum Team includes skilled individuals who together have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint. According to the Scrum Guide1, "Scrum Teams are cross-functional, meaning the members have all the skills necessary to create value in each Sprint." This does not mean that every individual has all the skills, but rather that the team as a whole does. Cross-functionality enables the Scrum Team to deliver a potentially releasable Increment of "Done" product at the end of each Sprint, without depending on others outside the team.
質問 # 88
A Scrum Master is introducing Scrum to a new Development Team. The Development Team gas decided that a Sprint Retrospective is unnecessary. What action should the Scrum Master take? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. Begin facilitating productive and useful Sprint Retrospectives.
- B. Comply with the decision of the self-organizing team.
- C. Call a meeting between the Development Team and senior management.
- D. Consult with the Product Owner to see how he/she feels about the situation.
正解：A
質問 # 89
One of the Scrum events is the Daily Scrum. What are two intended outcomes of the Daily Scrum? (Choose two.)
- A. An update of completed tasks and of the remaining work so the Scrum Master can plan the next day.
- B. An updated Scrum board to make Sprint progress transparent for the stakeholders.
- C. New impediments for the Scrum Master to take care of.
- D. A shared understanding of the most important work to be undertaken next to achieve the best possible progress toward the Sprint goal.
- E. A status report for the upper management indicating what each individual has done, will be doing, and what is impending him/her.
正解：C、D
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, two intended outcomes of the Daily Scrum are a shared understanding of the most important work to be undertaken next to achieve the best possible progress toward the Sprint goal, and new impediments for the Scrum Master to take care of. The other options are not intended outcomes of the Daily Scrum, as they are either irrelevant (such as updating a Scrum board) or inappropriate (such as providing an update or a status report).
質問 # 90
Which two of the following are true about the Scrum Master role? (Choose two.)
- A. The Scrum Master assigns tasks to Development Team members when they need work.
- B. The Scrum Master teaches the Development Team to keep the Scrum meetings to their time-box.
- C. The Scrum Master is responsible for updating the Sprint Burndown.
- D. The Scrum Master helps those outside the team interact with the Scrum Team.
- E. At the Sprint Review, the Scrum Master identifies what has been "done" and what has not been "done".
正解：B、D
質問 # 91
A product Increment must be released to production at the end of each Sprint.
- A. False
- B. True
正解：A
質問 # 92
Which three of the following are true about Scrum? (Choose the best three answers.)
- A. Scrum is a methodology where you can pick and choose which parts of Scrum you think will work for your environment.
- B. Scrum implements self-management by replacing Project Managers with Scrum Masters.
- C. Scrum is a framework for developing and sustaining complex products.
- D. Each component of Scrum serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum's success and your usage of Scrum to develop complex products.
- E. Scrum is based on empiricism and lean thinking.
正解：C、D、E
質問 # 93
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