検証済みのPSM-Iテスト問題集と解答で正確な254問
Scrum PSM-IテストエンジンPDFで全問無料問題集
PSM-I 資格認定試験は、Scrum.org が実施するもので、Scrum を使用する個人や組織に対して、トレーニング、認定、リソースを提供するグローバルな組織です。この試験は、Scrum フレームワークに関する候補者の理解力をテストするために設計されており、原則、価値、役割、イベント、アーティファクトを含めています。また、候補者の実際のシナリオでの Scrum の適用能力や問題解決能力も評価されます。
質問 # 93
What does it mean for a Scrum Team to be cross-functional?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Developers on the Scrum Team work closely with business analysts, architects, developers, and testers who are not on the team.
- B. The Scrum Team includes skilled individuals who together have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint.
- C. The Scrum Team is a virtual team drawing from separate teams of business analysts, architects, developers, and testers.
- D. The Scrum Team includes not only developers but also business analysts, architects, and testers.
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is B. The Scrum Team includes skilled individuals who together have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint. According to the Scrum Guide1, "Scrum Teams are cross-functional, meaning the members have all the skills necessary to create value in each Sprint." This does not mean that every individual has all the skills, but rather that the team as a whole does. Cross-functionality enables the Scrum Team to deliver a potentially releasable Increment of "Done" product at the end of each Sprint, without depending on others outside the team.
質問 # 94
A Development Team selects a set of Product Backlog items for a Sprint Backlog with the intent to get the
selected items "Done" by the end of the Sprint. Which three phrases best describe the purpose of a
definition of "Done"? (Choose three.)
- A. It controls whether the developers have performed their tasks.
- B. It creates transparency over the work inspected at the Sprint Review.
- C. It trucks the percent completeness of a Product Backlog item.
- D. It defines what it takes for an Increment to be ready for release.
- E. It provides a template for elements that need to be included in the technical documentation.
- F. It guides the Development Team is creating a forecast at the Sprint Planning.
正解：B、C、D
質問 # 95
When many Scrum Teams are working on the same product, should all of their increments be integrated every Sprint?
- A. No, each Scrum Team stands alone.
- B. Yes, but only for Scrum Teams whose work has dependencies.
- C. No, that is far too hard and must be done in a hardening Sprint.
- D. Yes, otherwise the Product Owners (and stakeholders) may not be able to accurately inspect what is done.
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is B, because the Scrum Guide states that "at the end of a Sprint, the new Increment must be 'Done,' which means it must be in useable condition and meet the Scrum Team's definition of 'Done'. An increment is a body of inspectable, done work that supports empiricism at the end of the Sprint. The increment is a step toward a vision or goal." Therefore, all the increments from different Scrum Teams working on the same product should be integrated every Sprint to enable inspection and adaptation by the Product Owner and stakeholders.
質問 # 96
The length of a Sprint should be:
- A. No more than one calendar month.
- B. All of these answers are correct.
- C. Short enough to keep the business risk acceptable to the Product Owner.
- D. Short enough to be able to synchronize the development work with other business events.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
質問 # 97
True or False: Multiple scrum Teams working on the same product must have the same Sprint start date.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, multiple Scrum Teams working on the same product do not have to have the same Sprint start date. They may start their Sprints at different times, as long as they synchronize their work and integrate their Increments at least by the end of each Sprint. The other option is not valid, as it implies that having the same Sprint start date is mandatory for multiple Scrum Teams.
質問 # 98
The Sprint Review is mainly an inspect and adapt opportunity for which group?
- A. The Product Owner and stakeholders.
- B. The Product Owner and Development Team.
- C. The Scrum Team and stakeholders.
- D. The Development Team and management.
- E. The Development Team and stakeholders.
- F. The Product Owner and management.
正解：C
質問 # 99
As the Development Team starts work during the Sprint, it realizes it has selected too much work to finish in the Sprint. What should it do?
- A. Inform the Product Owner at the Sprint Review, but prior to the demonstration.
- B. Find another Scrum Team to give the excess work to.
- C. Reduce the definition of "Done" and get all of the Product Backlog items "Done" by the new definition.
- D. As soon as possible in the Sprint, work with the Product Owner to remove some work or Product Backlog items.
正解：D
質問 # 100
How is management external to the Scrum Team involved in the Daily Scrum?
- A. The Scrum Master speaks ontheir behalf.
- B. The Development Team self-manages and is the only management required at the Daily Scrum.
- C. The Product Owner represents their opinions.
- D. Management gives an update at the start of each Daily Scrum.
正解：B
質問 # 101
Which two things should the Development Team do during the first Sprint? (Choose two.)
- A. Develop at least one piece of functionality.
- B. Make up a plan for the rest of the project.
- C. Create an increment of potentially releasable software.
- D. Analyze, design, and describe the complete architecture and infrastructure.
- E. Analyze, describe, and document the requirements for the subsequent Sprints.
正解：A、C
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, each Sprint is a project with no more than a one-month horizon. The Sprint Goal gives guidance to why the Scrum Team is building an Increment. The Development Team consists of professionals who do the work of delivering a potentially releasable Increment of "Done" product at the end of each Sprint. Therefore, in the first Sprint, as in any other Sprint, the Development Team should develop at least one piece of functionality and create an increment of potentially releasable software. The other options are not consistent with Scrum values and principles.
質問 # 102
What is the recommended size for a Development Team? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. At least 7.
- B. 7 plus or minus 3.
- C. 3 to 9.
- D. 9.
正解：C
質問 # 103
Who has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog?
- A. The Product Owner.
- B. The Stakeholders.
- C. The Development Team.
- D. The Scrum Master.
- E. The CEO.
正解：A
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the Product Owner has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog, as he or she is responsible for maximizing the value of the product and the work of the Development Team. The other roles do not have this authority, although they may provide input and suggestions to the Product Owner.
質問 # 104
Cross-functional teams are optimized to work on one technical layer of a system only (e.g. GUI, database, middle tier, interfaces).
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
質問 # 105
Who is accountable for clearly expressing Product Backlog items? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. The Scrum Master, or the Scrum Master may have the Developers do it.
- B. The Product Owner.
- C. The business analyst who represents the Product Owner.
- D. The Scrum Master.
正解：B
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the Product Owner is accountable for clearly expressing Product Backlog items, as he or she is responsible for managing and prioritizing the Product Backlog. The other options are not valid, as they imply that the Product Owner can be replaced by a business analyst, or that the Scrum Master or the Developers can express the Product Backlog items.
質問 # 106
When does the second Sprint start?
- A. Immediately after the first Sprint.
- B. After the customer completes acceptance testing of the first Sprint.
- C. After the Product Backlog for the second Sprint has been selected.
- D. Once the architectural changes for the second Sprint have been approved by the senior architect.
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is C, because the second Sprint starts immediately after the first Sprint. The Scrum Guide states that "Sprints have consistent durations throughout a development effort. A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint."
質問 # 107
At the seventh Sprint Review, the stakeholders are disappointed and angry. They have determined that the product or system being built will not meet their needs and will cost more than they are willing to spend. What factors likely led to this? (Choose two.)
- A. The stakeholders haven't been using the Sprint Reviews to inspect and evaluate progress.
- B. The Product Owner has not been keeping the stakeholders aware of the progress of the project.
- C. The Project Management Office (PMO) has not been engaged adequately.
- D. The stakeholders were not allowed to enter the development area.
正解：A、B
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the Sprint Review is a time for the Scrum Team and the stakeholders to inspect the product Increment and adapt the Product Backlog if needed. The Product Owner is responsible for keeping the stakeholders aware of the progress of the project and inviting them to the Sprint Review. If the Product Owner has not been doing this, or if the stakeholders have not been using the Sprint Review to inspect and evaluate progress, then they may be disappointed and angry at the seventh Sprint Review. The other options are not likely factors that led to this situation, as they are either irrelevant (such as the PMO or the development area) or incorrect (such as delaying the release).
質問 # 108
How often should Development Team membership change?
- A. Every Sprint to promote shared learning.
- B. As needed, while taking into account a short term reduction in productivity.
- C. Never, because it reduces productivity.
- D. As needed, with no special allowance for changes in productivity.
正解：B
質問 # 109
Which of the following best describes an increment of working software?
- A. A decomposition of all Product Backlog items into tasks for future Sprint Backlog lists.
- B. Additional features in a usable state that complement those delivered in previous iterations.
- C. An automated test suite to verify functionality delivered in previous iterations.
- D. UML diagrams that describe how to deliver functionality in future iterations.
- E. A new user interface design for functionality delivered in previous iterations.
正解：B
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide1, an Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal. Each Increment is additive to all prior Increments and thoroughly verified, ensuring that all Increments work together. In order to provide value, an Increment must be usable. Multiple Increments may be created within a Sprint. The sum of the Increments is presented at the Sprint Review thus supporting empiricism. However, an Increment may be delivered to stakeholders prior to the end of the Sprint. The Sprint Review should never be considered a gate to releasing value. Therefore, the best description of an increment of working software is additional features in a usable state that complement those delivered in previous iterations.
質問 # 110
A properly functioning Scrum Team will have at least one Release Sprint and may well have several.
- A. False
- B. True
正解：B
質問 # 111
Marian is the Product Owner envisioning a project for a new release of her product. She made a projection of a release date based upon a sustained velocity of 17 completed units of work per Sprint. Over the first 3 Sprints, the average velocity was 13 for work that the Development Team estimated as 90% done. The Development Teams, feeling the need to meet the plan, figured that a velocity of 17 was within their reach.
A good way to continue is:
- A. Add enough people to the Development Team for the deadline to be made.
- B. The Development Team should remind Marian to find funding for enough Release Sprints in which the remaining work can be done.
- C. The opportunity to inspect and adapt is lost. Opaqueness has replaced transparency. Predictability has dropped below zero. The produced software is not usable. As the rules of Scrum have not been respected, it is the Scrum Master's duty to assess whether repair is possible, or a restart with a more reliable team. If not, the Scrum Master should cancel the project.
- D. The Development Team makes sure that all of the selected scope per Sprint is as "Done" as possible. The undone work is estimated and added to the Sprint Backlog of the next Sprint, so it doesn't mess up the Product Backlog.
正解：D
質問 # 112
Which topics should be discussed in the Sprint Review? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. All of the above.
- B. The Scrum process, and how it was used during the Sprint.
- C. The product Increment.
- D. Coding and engineering practices.
正解：C
質問 # 113
Which two things should the Development Team do during the first Sprint? (Choose two.)
- A. Develop at least one piece of functionality.
- B. Make up a plan for the rest of the project.
- C. Create an increment of potentially releasable software.
- D. Analyze, describe, and document the requirements for the subsequent Sprints.
- E. Define the major product features and release plan architecture
正解：A、C
解説：
According to the Scrum Guide, the Development Team should do two things during the first Sprint: develop at least one piece of functionality and create an increment of potentially releasable software. These are the goals of every Sprint, regardless of its order. The other options are not things that the Development Team should do during the first Sprint, as they are either out of scope (such as making a plan for the rest of the project or defining major product features and release plan architecture) or unnecessary (such as analyzing, describing, and documenting requirements for subsequent Sprints).
質問 # 114
Which topics should be discussed in the Sprint Review?
- A. All of the above.
- B. Sprint results.
- C. The Scrum process, and how it was used during the Sprint.
- D. Coding and engineering practices.
正解：A
質問 # 115
What is the tactic a Scrum Master should use to divide a group of 100 people into multiple Development Teams?
- A. Create teams based on their skills across multiple layers (such as database, UI, etc.)
- B. Ask the Product Owner to assign the people toteams.
- C. Ask the developers to divide themselves into teams.
正解：C
質問 # 116
True or False: The Sprint Goal is a result of Sprint Planning, as is the Sprint Backlog.
- A. False
- B. True
正解：B
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
質問 # 117
When a Development Team is having trouble delivering a working Increment because they don't understand a functional requirement, what should they do?
- A. Partially complete the functionality, and discuss the remaining work at the Sprint Review.
- B. Defer the work to a more appropriate Sprint.
- C. Add a specialist to the Development Team.
- D. Collaborate with the Product Owner to determine what is possible and acceptable.
正解：D
質問 # 118
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