PDF無料ダウンロードにはL3M4有効な練習テスト問題
L3M4テストエンジンお試しセット、L3M4問題集PDF
CIPS L3M4 認定試験の出題範囲：
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質問 # 69
A buyer is using a framework agreement to purchase office furniture. The buyer invites the four suppliers listed on the framework to quote for the furniture; the winning bid is the lowest price. What would best describe this approach?
- A. Direct call-off
- B. Mini competition
- C. Quotation exercise
- D. Competitive tender
正解：B
質問 # 70
Daryl was expecting some spare parts to arrive from abroad by air freight. He hears on the news that flights have been delayed due to an ash cloud from a volcano that has erupted. Which contract provision is likely to deal with this scenario?
- A. Confidentiality
- B. Warranties
- C. Caveat emptor
- D. Force majeure
正解：D
質問 # 71
In contracts, implied terms play a crucial role in defining the rights and obligations of parties, even when not expressly stated in the contract. Which of the following are potential examples of implied terms? Select TWO that apply.
- A. Terms that are inferred by the courts based on general legal principles, ensuring parties act honestly and fairly in their contractual dealings
- B. Terms that are incorporated by reference to another contract document, such as a technical specification
- C. Terms that are fundamental to a contract, the breach of which may give rise to the right to terminate the contract
- D. Terms that are imposed by law to ensure a minimum standard of quality or performance in certain types of contracts
- E. Terms that are not fundamental but the breach of which entitles the innocent party to claim damages without the right to terminate the contract
正解：A、D
質問 # 72
Which one of the following is unlikely to appear in an organisational procurement manual?
- A. Procedures
- B. Staff names
- C. Instructions
- D. Policies
正解：B
解説：
Staff names.
One of the 'benefits' of the creation of organisations large enough to have procurement manuals is that individuals can be replaced in their posts by others. This is part of the basis of Weber's theory of bureaucracy.
Charles Handy, a great UK management writer tells a story of how he took up a new post for a large oil company, and on his office door the job title was affixed permanently, but his own name was presented in a readily-replaceable label. He realised when he saw this how easily his employer thought he could be replaced.
Thus, procurement manuals are unlikely to name individual staff members - policies and procedures, posts and activities, yes.
質問 # 73
Which of the following describes a tender process run under a framework agreement where the tender only includes price and limited aspects of quality?
- A. Leasing agreement
- B. Mini-competition
- C. Complex one-off purchase
- D. Simple one-off purchase
正解：B
質問 # 74
Thinking of the cultural web, which of the following refers to events or routines which take place, and really matter to the people involved?
- A. Stories
- B. Control systems
- C. Symbols
- D. Rituals
正解：D
解説：
Rituals.
Might be a regular team meeting; or a pub / sports evening with colleagues. Might be a monthly 'em-ployee of the month' award. Something which binds the employee to the organisation - in a nice way, one hopes.
I spent some time in France and marvelled how a colleague or senior person would go round and shake hands with every colleague in the morning - almost a kind of respectful 'thank goodness we survived the night' daily event. I thought how poor the British are not to have that ritual - I still do think that.
質問 # 75
Where an organisational internal customer / user deliberately circumvents the procurement function, and buys from an external supplier without following due procedure. This is commonly called:
- A. Iceman spend
- B. Tail spend
- C. Compliant spend
- D. Maverick spend
正解：D
解説：
Maverick spend is outside of organisational procedure, and can undermine the benefits of profes-sional procurement.
Maverick spend should be actively discouraged.
質問 # 76
It is said that society is undergoing the 'fourth industrial revolution'. Which description most close-ly defines this idea?
- A. The development of equalities thinking, respect for others, reduced working hours, working from home, discussion of a universal basic income
- B. The use of electric power to create mass production
- C. The bringing together of various technologies, such as artificial intelligence, efficient en-ergy storage,
3D printing, quantum computing, etc - D. The use of outsourcing, low-cost labour, offshoring and modern slavery
正解：C
解説：
The bringing together of various technologies, such as artificial intelligence, efficient energy storage, 3D printing, quantum computing, etc.
The correct answer shown defines nicely the characteristics of the radical changes being brought about during the fourth industrial revolution.
The other answers may, to a greater or lesser extent, be changes in modern society, but they do not represent Industry 4.0
質問 # 77
Which one of the following is very commonly seen as being the primary role of the procurement function (especially by those outside the procurement function)?
- A. Sourcing new materials for products under development
- B. And yet on many occasions, it should not be the primary focus.
- C. Cost reduction
- D. Participating in international procurement conferences and developing staff
- E. Developing deep relationships with long-term suppliers of key goods and services
正解：B
解説：
Cost reduction is often seen as being not only the primary role, but sometimes the only role, of the procurement function.
The other answer options give an indication of what activities can sometimes be more significant.
質問 # 78
Which of the following departments would be both internal customers and internal suppliers of an organisational procurement function? Select all that apply.
- A. Human resources
- B. Accounting and finance
- C. Information and communications technology
- D. Legal department
正解：A、B、C、D
解説：
All options apply.
All of the named departments will both take and provide services from / to the procurement func-tion.
質問 # 79
A psychological view in which an employee treats the business and the work as if it were their own:
- A. Work ownership
- B. Legal ownership
- C. Small business ownership
- D. Problem ownership
正解：A
解説：
Work ownership - the idea that a person 'takes ownership' of their work, and thus performs better.
A sub-set could be problem ownership - taking ownership of workplace problems because of work ownership.
質問 # 80
Which of these examples constitutes an invitation to treat? Select TWO that apply.
- A. A supplier sends a detailed quotation through the post
- B. A supplier responds to your invitation to treat
- C. The price of goods advertised on a supplier's website
- D. The price quoted in a supplier's price list
- E. The submission of a tender
正解：C、D
質問 # 81
Because services are intangible, the key performance indicators for services are likely to be qualitative in all circumstances. Is this statement correct?
- A. Yes, there are no possible units by which services can be measured because they are intangible
- B. No, although services are intangible, they can be measured in terms of time or space covered
- C. No, although services are intangible, they are measurable but only in qualitative terms
- D. Yes, services cannot be owned nor stored and therefore their quantities are not measurable
正解：B
質問 # 82
As a result of a global pandemic, a local hospital is facing significant patient capacity pressures and would like the construction of a new 50-bed ward to be prioritised and fully operational at the earliest opportunity.
Which of the following pricing arrangements would support this aspiration?
- A. Fixed price economic adjustment pricing
- B. Penetration contract pricing
- C. Time and materials arrangement pricing
- D. Incentivised contract pricing
正解：D
質問 # 83
The Mendelow matrix deals with:
- A. Market share and market growth
- B. Power and interest of stakeholders
- C. Products and markets (new or established)
- D. Level of profit and market risk
正解：B
質問 # 84
'operating at its full potential ... working positively ... getting on with their jobs' Which of the Tuckman stages of team development is being described here?
- A. Forming
- B. Dorming
- C. Norming
- D. Performing
- E. Storming
正解：D
解説：
The answer is 'performing'. The team has gone through the earlier stages successfully - not always the case - and is now performing well.
質問 # 85
Fabrizio created a contract for his supplier which included various contract terms. One term that Fabrizio included stated that "as agreed the price of each pencil is $1.00." Which of the following options describes this term?
- A. An express term
- B. A variable term
- C. An implied term
- D. An incoterm
正解：A
質問 # 86
It is said that society is undergoing the 'fourth industrial revolution'. Which description most close-ly defines this idea?
- A. The development of equalities thinking, respect for others, reduced working hours, working from home, discussion of a universal basic income
- B. The use of electric power to create mass production
- C. The bringing together of various technologies, such as artificial intelligence, efficient en-ergy storage, 3D printing, quantum computing, etc
- D. The use of outsourcing, low-cost labour, offshoring and modern slavery
正解：C
解説：
The bringing together of various technologies, such as artificial intelligence, efficient energy storage, 3D printing, quantum computing, etc.
The correct answer shown defines nicely the characteristics of the radical changes being brought about during the fourth industrial revolution.
The other answers may, to a greater or lesser extent, be changes in modern society, but they do not represent Industry 4.0
質問 # 87
Which of the following departments would be both internal customers and internal suppliers of an organisational procurement function? Select all that apply.
- A. Human resources
- B. Accounting and finance
- C. Information and communications technology
- D. Legal department
正解：A、B、C、D
解説：
All options apply.
All of the named departments will both take and provide services from / to the procurement func-tion.
質問 # 88
Where there is transformational change coupled with a slow rate of change, is this:
- A. Reconstruction
- B. Adaptation
- C. Revolution
- D. Evolution
正解：D
解説：
This is a description of Evolution.
The others answers given may be the subject of other questions in this test.
質問 # 89
Which one of the Tuckman stages of team development is being described here?
'..the team struggles to come together ... conflict ... competing for status and position'
- A. Forming
- B. Performing
- C. Dorming
- D. Norming
- E. Storming
正解：E
解説：
'Conflict' gives us the clue.
Storming.
The other answers shown come from the same model - check them out in your textbook if you need to.
質問 # 90
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