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質問 # 81
Which of the following are primary activities, according to Porter's Value Chain? Select THREE.
- A. Operations
- B. Human Resources
- C. Procurement
- D. Marketing and Sales
- E. Inbound Logistics
正解：A、D、E
解説：
This Question: refers to
Porter's Value Chain (p.35). There's a couple of questions on this in the exam so try to learn it. Primary activities are; inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, after sales- service
質問 # 82
Robbie is a procurement manager at a public sector organisation. He is running a tender which is worth £2m and so will advertise this on OJEU. His manager has reminded Robbie to include CPV codes on the tender.
What purpose would this serve?
- A. To ensure more suppliers bid for the tender
- B. To ensure suppliers know the deadline for tender submission
- C. To ensure suppliers can find the opportunity
- D. To ensure only qualified suppliers bid for the tender
正解：C
解説：
CPV codes help suppliers find opportunities they can bid for. CPV codes are a numerical classification for products e.g. Strawberry Jam is 15332296 and when they are included on a Tender, any supplier who is registered with that same CPV code will get a notification that the tender is live. CPV codes are discussed on p.72 but not in much detail- so don't worry if you don't know much about them. So long as you know the above, you'll be fine.
質問 # 83
A low-cost fashion retailer based in Europe is looking at adding value in their procurement activities. The retailer buys clothing for resale with a very small profit margin applied, relying on volume sales to make a profit. Which of the following added-value approaches will be the most critical for the procurement team of the retailer to focus on with their supply chain?
- A. Reduction of inventory
- B. Price management
- C. Quality enhancement
- D. Improving timescales
正解：B
解説：
Price management is crucial for low-cost retailers to maintain profitability. This includes negotiating better pricing, managing costs effectively, and ensuring competitive pricing for volume sales.
質問 # 84
Which of the following are advantages of partnering?
- A. Continual improvement
- B. Prioritization of transactions
- C. Hard to displace
- D. Supply chain consolidation
正解：A、D
解説：
Partnering supports supply chain consolidation and continual improvement by fostering collaboration and shared objectives. These benefits align with the strategic goals of building resilient and efficient supply chains.
質問 # 85
Which of the following are possible drivers for partnership sourcing? Select THREE.
- A. Working together will create synergies
- B. The marketplace has become more volatile
- C. The need to improve performance to satisfy the end customer
- D. The protection of intellectual property rights
正解：A、B、C
解説：
To increase production costs and lead-times
Explanation:
The correct answers are; The marketplace has become more volatile, Working together will create synergies and The need to improve performance to satisfy the end customer. Further Drivers of Partnership Sourcing can be found on p.127. The other answers are incorrect as entering a partnership won't protect intellectual property rights- in fact that's one of the big risks of entering into a partnership. Partnerships won't increase costs and lead-times, they're likely to decrease them.
質問 # 86
Gabriel is a procurement manager who wishes to explore a new avenue to procure products for his company.
His manager has told him that he should invite internal stakeholders to a meeting to get their feedback. Who should Gabriel invite? Select THREE.
- A. employees
- B. end-users
- C. customers
- D. legal department
- E. suppliers
正解：A、B、D
解説：
Internal stakeholders are those who work within the business so include the legal department, employees and end-users. End-users mean those people and departments who will be using the product or service. For example if Gabriel is procuring new software- an end-user would be anyone who would be using that software (whether they're employees, volunteers or agencies). CIPS outlines types of stakeholders on p.64
質問 # 87
Richie has come up with a new idea for sourcing items for the business but feels that it will have mixed reviews within the team. He thinks that some people will be in favour of the idea, and some will be against it.
He doesn't think the CEO will have a strong opinion either way. In order to decide whether to put a business case together and present his idea to the CEO- what should Richie do?
- A. Cost Analysis
- B. Value Engineering Analysis
- C. Make vs Buy Analysis
- D. Force Field Analysis
正解：D
解説：
Richie should do a Force Field Analysis - this is explained on p.86 and is an idea of Kurt Lewin - it identifies the driving forces for a project and the restraining forces (basically who will be for it and who will be against it). The textbook doesn't go into much detail on this but there are questions on it in the exam- so have a quick google to familiarise yourself with Kurt Lewin's Force Field Analysis.
質問 # 88
The Kraljic Model is most useful for which aspect of procurement?
- A. cost reduction
- B. cost analysis
- C. risk management
- D. category management
正解：D
解説：
The Kraljic model "plays a key part in category management" p.19 of the textbook. Category Management = the spend in an organisation, broken down into categories of related products (e.g. IT, facilities management, marketing). Each of these categories could be plotted on the Kraljic Matrix.
質問 # 89
In the STEEPLED framework, which of the following is an economic factor?
- A. Demographics
- B. Unemployment rates
- C. Election results
- D. Supply chain labor standards
正解：B
解説：
Economic factors such as unemployment rates affect labor availability, wages, and consumer purchasing power, directly impacting business operations and supply chains.
質問 # 90
The executive board of a manufacturing company is requesting support from the procurement team because the company needs to improve its levels of profitability. After segmenting the overall spend by value and risk of supply, the senior buyer for the company is planning to undertake a cost modeling activity. This will be undertaken with a cross-organizational team of internal stakeholders and key strategic suppliers. What would be the buyer's initial objective from the cost modeling activity?
- A. To understand the supplier's pricing strategy
- B. To understand the supplier's financial status
- C. To understand the supplier's investment plans
- D. To understand the supplier's competitive threats
正解：A
解説：
Cost modeling helps in understanding supplier pricing strategies, identifying cost drivers, and opportunities for negotiation or cost reduction, which supports profitability improvements.
質問 # 91
A common reason attributed to many partnerships failing is ...
- A. Not winning every contract they bid for
- B. No contract being in place
- C. A bad advertising campaign
- D. Poor communication
正解：D
解説：
Poor communication leads to misunderstandings, unmet expectations, and conflict, undermining partnerships.
CIPS stresses the importance of transparent and regular communication to ensure alignment and success.
質問 # 92
Which of the following are valid strategies for dealing with conflict? Select THREE
- A. Compromising
- B. Competing
- C. Contesting
- D. Collecting
- E. Collaborating
正解：A、B、E
解説：
The three right answers are competing, collaborating and compromising. See the Thomas Kilmann Model on p.87. There are quite a few questions on this in the exam.
質問 # 93
Lee is a procurement manager at Real Pirates Ltd and he has a contract with Peg Leg Industries for the supply of fake, wooden legs for his team of Pirates. Real Pirates Ltd have been working with Peg Leg Industries for almost 10 years but recently Lee has discovered he will need to terminate the contract due to 'Contract Frustration'. What could be the reason for this?
- A. The supplier has committed a material breach
- B. An unexpected incident has occurred beyond anyone's control
- C. The supplier has leaked confidential information about Real Pirates Ltd to a competitor
- D. The supplier has become insolvent
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'An unexpected incident has occurred beyond anyone's control'. A good example of this would be the Covid-19 pandemic- neither the buyer nor supplier could have predicted this, and if this means that the contract can't be completed - then the contract can be terminated (in the UK at least). A way to avoid this would be to include a Force Majeur clause listing possible circumstances that could occur. When there's a Force Majeur clause, these eventualities are now classed as foreseen rather than unforeseen. See p.
108
質問 # 94
Price fluctuations can affect profitability. Is this statement correct?
- A. Yes, if the product's costs increase and the price does not
- B. Yes, as sales may drop if the product is price inelastic
- C. No, price is not related to profitability
- D. No, only decisions made by the chief executive affect the price
正解：A
解説：
Profitability is impacted when product costs rise without corresponding price adjustments. Understanding cost- price relationships is key to managing profitability in procurement.
質問 # 95
A partnership approach to a buyer-supplier relationship, as opposed to a traditional adversarial approach, would have which of the following characteristics?
- A. Increased supplier contractual terms
- B. Greater levels of transparency
- C. Shared cost benefits
- D. Specifications designed by the buyer
正解：B、C
解説：
Partnerships are built on trust and transparency, with shared benefits such as cost reductions and improved processes. Adversarial relationships, in contrast, focus on price and contractual obligations.
質問 # 96
Which of the following behaviours are you likely to see in a Partnership relationship?
- A. Strong levels of trust and honest communication
- B. Honest communication and opportunistic behaviour
- C. Opportunistic behaviour and strong levels of trust
- D. Secrecy and honest communication
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is 'Strong levels of trust and honest communication'. The questions on Partnership in the exam tend to be quite straightforward, but if you're struggling with this see p. 148 for further details of behaviour in Partnerships.
質問 # 97
A garden centre has recently purchased some lollypop sticks to use as plant labels. The staff have written the name of the plant on the lollypop stick and put it next to the plant. This helps them identify which plant is which. However, after a couple of weeks, the lollypop sticks have become mouldy and the writing has faded.
Staff are now struggling to identity their plants. The Manager of the garden centre is considering returning the lollypop sticks and asking for a full refund as they were not fit for purpose. Can the Manager do this?
- A. No- the manager cannot prove that the product is faulty
- B. No- as this was not the lollypop sticks intended purpose
- C. Yes- the lollypop sticks have gone mouldy- this is unacceptable
- D. Yes- so long as the manager kept the receipt
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'no- as this was not the lollypop sticks intended purpose'. When deciding if something is fit for purpose, you must consider its intended and common purpose. In this case it would be for making lollypops. As the garden centre is using them for something other than their intended purpose, they can't complain if it doesn't work. Fit for purpose is discussed on p.65 p.s. there's a question like this in the real exam - it's just not lollypop sticks ; )
質問 # 98
Which of the following relationship types would you consider using for a Main Contractor on a building construction project, who will be responsible for co-ordinating the activities of other suppliers?
- A. closer tactical
- B. co-destiny
- C. transactional
- D. partnership
正解：A
解説：
in tiered supply chains, a closer-tactical relationship could be used between a buyer and a supplier who will be responsible for co-ordinating the activities of other suppliers (p.8 of the textbook).
質問 # 99
A garden centre has recently purchased some lollypop sticks to use as plant labels. The staff have written the name of the plant on the lollypop stick and put it next to the plant. This helps them identify which plant is which. However, after a couple of weeks, the lollypop sticks have become mouldy and the writing has faded. Staff are now struggling to identity their plants. The Manager of the garden centre is considering returning the lollypop sticks and asking for a full refund as they were not fit for purpose. Can the Manager do this?
- A. No- the manager cannot prove that the product is faulty
- B. No- as this was not the lollypop sticks intended purpose
- C. Yes- the lollypop sticks have gone mouldy- this is unacceptable
- D. Yes- so long as the manager kept the receipt
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'no- as this was not the lollypop sticks intended purpose'. When deciding if something is fit for purpose, you must consider its intended and common purpose. In this case it would be for making lollypops. As the garden centre is using them for something other than their intended purpose, they can't complain if it doesn't work. Fit for purpose is discussed on p.65 p.s. there's a Question: like this in the real exam - it's just not lollypop sticks ; )
質問 # 100
Supplier development should be undertaken with all suppliers that a buyer uses. Is this statement TRUE?
- A. yes- this will improve efficiencies for the buyer
- B. no- supplier development should only be done with strategic suppliers
- C. yes- it is important to develop all relationships
- D. no- supplier development should only be done with tactical suppliers
正解：B
解説：
Supplier development is time-consuming and resource-intensive so should only be done with strategic suppliers. P.14
質問 # 101
A partnership relationship can be described as any relationship between a buyer and supplier where there is a good level of communication and both parties are happy with each other's performance. Is this statement TRUE?
- A. No- good levels of communication can exist in other types of relationships
- B. No- only strategic relationships involve good levels of communication.
- C. Yes- partnerships are the only relationship type where both parties are happy with each other's performance
- D. Yes- partnerships are characterised by strong relationships
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is 'No- good levels of communication can exist in other types of relationships'. The study guide makes a point that not all good buyer: supplier relationships are partnerships. In fact 70% on supplier relationships will not be partnerships (according to Lambert who is quoted on p.131)
質問 # 102
In an oliogopy market, what would a regulator do?
- A. prevent price fixing and collusion
- B. ensure value for money for buyers
- C. ensure health and safety standards
- D. stop the market becoming a monopoly
正解：A
解説：
In an oliogopy, supplier power is strong. Sometimes regulators are required in the market to prevent the group of suppliers conspiring together to artificially increase prices. See p.40 for more information on Oligopy markets.
質問 # 103
Which of the following are not stages of team development? Select TWO.
- A. Adjourning
- B. Forming
- C. Mourning
- D. Achieving
- E. Accepting
正解：D、E
解説：
This question is very, very similar to a real exam Question: and is
a really mean one. The CIPS study guide describes stages of team development as forming, storming, norming and performing. Of those listed in the book only forming is listed above. What the textbook fails to tell you is that some people add on two additional stages to this model which are mourning and adjourning. I strongly recommend doing some further reading on this (it's called the Tuckman Group Development Model) as it comes up a lot in the exam and the study guide doesn't really go into enough detail.
質問 # 104
Value for money in the private sector is concerned with what?
- A. Shareholder profit and business benefit
- B. Ensuring taxpayers' money is spent wisely
- C. Getting the best quality possible
- D. Getting the best price possible
正解：A
解説：
Value for money in the private sector is about achieving shareholder profit and busines benefit (p.66). In the public sector it is about ensuring taxpayers' money is spent wisely. Value for money is a mixture of price and quality.
質問 # 105
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