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質問 # 26
Which of the following is the GREATEST benefit of a supplier day/forum?
- A. Attendees can meet the customer's supply management team.
- B. Attendees are given insight into new initiatives and strategic imperatives.
- C. Attendees can see how their products are used in the buying company's products.
- D. Attendees have a chance to analyze and benchmark against the competition.
正解：B
解説：
The greatest benefit of a supplier day/forum is providing attendees with insight into the buying company's new initiatives and strategic imperatives. This transparency helps align the supplier's efforts with the company's goals, fostering better collaboration and innovation. While other benefits such as seeing product usage (A), benchmarking against competition (C), and meeting the supply management team (D) are valuable, understanding the strategic direction is paramount for long-term partnership and success. References: Supply chain collaboration and communication strategies, supplier relationship management best practices.
質問 # 27
The chief executive officer (CEO) of a candy company directs the firm to source, produce and market a line of organic clothing. The firm's internal stakeholders are not in agreement with the CEO. In this situation, which of the following courses of action should supply management take?
- A. Create a steering committee
- B. Select the best source of supply
- C. Perform cost regression analysis (CRA)
- D. Poll external stakeholders for input
正解：A
質問 # 28
Based on the histogram below, order the mean, median, and mode of the data from smallest to largest.
- A. Mode, Mean, Median
- B. Mode, Median, Mean
- C. Mean, Mode, Median
- D. Median, Mode, Mean
正解：B
質問 # 29
An online music streaming company has two subscription options:
1.Listen to unlimited music with five minutes of advertisements for every hour of music.
2.Pay a monthly fee and listen to unlimited music with no ads.
If a potential customer wants to subscribe to the company but is indifferent between options 1 and 2, the customer's willingness to pay (WTP) is:
- A. Positive for music and unknown for advertising.
- B. Positive for music and negative for advertising.
- C. Positive for music and positive for advertising.
- D. 0 for music and negative for advertising.
正解：B
質問 # 30
Although they may vary, cash flows from financing activities in a mature company are usually:
- A. positive, because there is no need to fund growth
- B. negative, because companies maybe paying their main suppliers
- C. negative, because companies may receive enough funds fromoperations to cover investments
- D. positive, because companies may require funds to maintain research and development (R&D) activities
正解：C
質問 # 31
An organization selects a supplier for a complex system implementation that will be conducted in several stages. Prompt initiation of the project is necessary in order to maintain the schedule, but the stakeholders have not yet defined the later milestones and deliverables. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate course of action for the buying organization to take regarding the statement of work (SOW) for this project?
- A. Provide a SOW with all requirements available thus far, and include procedures for internal customers to make changes via contract amendments
- B. Create an initial SOW to allow the supplier to begin the first phase, with provisions for negotiating subsequent SOWs for full project implementation
- C. Issue a general letter of intent so that the supplier can start mobilizing and avoid delays
- D. Postpone any type of agreement with the supplier until all requirements are fully defined
正解：B
解説：
When dealing with a complex system implementation in stages, it is critical to begin the project promptly to maintain the schedule. However, if later milestones and deliverables are not yet defined, a flexible approach is necessary. Creating an initial Statement of Work (SOW) allows the project to start with the first phase, and provisions for negotiating subsequent SOWs as the project progresses ensure that the remaining stages can be defined in detail later. This approach balances the need for a timely start with the flexibility to adapt as more information becomes available.References:
* Project Management Institute (PMI). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge
* (PMBOK Guide).
* CIPS (Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply) guidelines on SOW management.
質問 # 32
A bottleneck supplier consistently poses a risk of shutting down a company's production lines due to delivery issues. Which of the following is the BEST long-term solution to this problem?
- A. Conduct daily meetings with the supplier to manage its production schedule
- B. Qualify more suppliers who can deliver the same product
- C. Impose financial penalties on the supplier each time the firm is negatively impacted by overdue parts
- D. Pay expediting fees to get the parts from the supplier delivered sooner
正解：B
解説：
* Identify the Problem: The supplier is causing production shutdowns due to delivery issues, indicating dependency on a single source for critical parts.
* Evaluate Solutions:
* Daily Meetings: Managing the supplier's production schedule closely may help in the short term but doesn't address the root cause or reduce dependency.
* Expediting Fees: Paying for expedited delivery increases costs and is not sustainable.
* Financial Penalties: Imposing penalties can strain relationships and doesn't solve the supply risk.
* Qualify More Suppliers: By identifying and qualifying additional suppliers, the company can reduce dependency on a single supplier, ensuring continuity of supply and mitigating risk.
* Implement the Best Solution: Qualifying more suppliers is a strategic long-term solution that
* diversifies the supply base, improves resilience, and provides alternatives in case of issues with the primary supplier. References:
* Supply Chain Risk Management Principles
* Supplier Relationship Management Practices
* Best Practices in Sourcing and Procurement
質問 # 33
The types of suppliers MOST suited for regular business reviews are those providing
- A. strategic and leveraged item
- B. bottleneck and non-critical items
- C. bottleneck and strategic items
- D. leveraged and non-critical items
正解：C
解説：
Suppliers providing bottleneck and strategic items are most suited for regular business reviews because these items typically have high impact on the company's operations and can involve higher risks. Bottleneck items are critical components that can cause significant disruptions if not managed properly, and strategic items are essential for the company's competitive advantage. Regular reviews with these suppliers ensure better alignment, risk mitigation, and strategic collaboration.
References
* Kraljic's Portfolio Purchasing Model
* Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning, and Operation by Sunil Chopra and Peter Meindl
* APICS (Association for Supply Chain Management) guidelines
質問 # 34
With normally distributed data, approximately 95% of all observations fall within how many standard deviations from the mean?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：C
質問 # 35
A supply manager submits requests for additional personnel and equipment, which are approved. However, the organization's training budget is cut, giving less opportunity to train new employees. The supply manager is concerned that this will adversely affect the department's ability to build expertise. Given this situation, which of the following is the MOST effective action for the supply manager to take?
- A. Seek highly-qualified applicants who will require less training
- B. Present justification showing how training supports cost reduction goals
- C. Fill fewer positions than approved and re-direct savings to training
- D. Utilize available training funds early in the year to gain maximum impact
正解：B
質問 # 36
A manufacturing company signs a cost-reimbursable contract with a new customer that needs a large volume of its product manufactured in a short period of time. The product is difficult and time consuming to fabricate.
The contract provides generous flexibility for cost but has severe consequences if the deadline is missed. To ensure the timely completion of the contract, the manufacturer plans to negotiate with a lower-tier supplier for a critical sub-component.
Given this situation, which of the following negotiation objectives is MOST closely aligned with the interests of the manufacturing firm?
- A. Providing a 5% discount for prompt payment of invoices
- B. Achieving a 10% reduction in price
- C. Implementing enhanced quality inspections prior to shipment
- D. Expediting fabrication and delivery of the sub-component
正解：D
解説：
Given the tight deadline and the severe consequences for missing it, the most closely aligned negotiation objective for the manufacturing firm is to expedite the fabrication and delivery of the sub-component.
Ensuring timely delivery is crucial to meet the contract deadline. While cost savings and payment terms are important, the primary focus must be on timely completion to avoid penalties. Enhanced quality inspections can also be important but are secondary to the urgency of meeting the deadline in this context.
References:
* Fisher, M. L. (1997). What is the right supply chain for your product? Harvard Business Review.
* Burt, D. N., Dobler, D. W., & Starling, S. L. (2003). World Class Supply Management.
質問 # 37
Government regulators in a country announce costly new safety regulations for an industry. These new regulations are welcomed by all the companies in the industry. Why might these companies want this added cost?
- A. The new regulations will help differentiate the industry as a whole.
- B. The new regulations are a fixed cost and will decrease the marginal cost of each unit.
- C. The new regulations will limit competition by discouraging future entrants.
- D. The increased costs will allow companies to raise prices on their products.
正解：C
質問 # 38
PQR, Inc. is a large international life insurance company. PQR's vice president of sales asks the firm's supply manager to require that any future procurement contracts contain a provision which obligates the supplier to make PQR's insurance products available to the supplier's employees for optional purchase. In this situation, the supply manager should
- A. decline the request on the grounds that it is Illegal
- B. ask legal counsel to review national and local laws in determining the legality of the request
- C. accommodate the request, as the provision contains no absolute requirement that a supplier's employees purchase any insurance
- D. decline the request, as it is contrary to the principle of buying and selling based on the fundamental criteria of quality, cost, and service
正解：B
解説：
* Evaluate the Legality: The request to include a provision obligating suppliers to make insurance products available to their employees involves potential legal implications.
* National and Local Laws: Different jurisdictions have varying laws regarding what can be included in procurement contracts, especially concerning employment and insurance.
* Legal Counsel Consultation: Engaging legal counsel ensures that the supply manager is adhering to the appropriate legal framework and avoids any possible legal issues for PQR.
* Mitigate Risks: By consulting with legal counsel, the supply manager can mitigate any risks associated with including such provisions, ensuring the company remains compliant with relevant laws.
References
* Contract Law Textbooks
* Corporate Governance Guidelines
* Legal Compliance Resources
質問 # 39
A manufacturing plant employs an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. The supply management staff find the data provided by this system to be incomplete or incorrect. Which of the following should the supply management staff do FIRST In order to obtain more useful information?
- A. Analyze the spend categories and establish cost baselines
- B. Retrain supply management employees in the proper use of the ERP system
- C. Obtain extensions on reporting deadlines and track current transactions as examples
- D. Request approvals to implement a more effective ERP system
正解：B
解説：
When supply management staff find the data provided by the ERP system to be incomplete or incorrect, the first step should be to retrain employees in the proper use of the ERP system. This ensures that data is entered correctly and consistently, which improves the accuracy and completeness of the information provided by the system. Proper training can often resolve issues related to data quality and utilization without the need for more drastic measures.
References
* APICS (Association for Supply Chain Management). Effective Use and Training for ERP Systems.
* ISM (Institute for Supply Management). ERP System Optimization and Employee Training.
質問 # 40
An organization is preparing its budget for the next fiscal year. Management challenges the procurement team to reduce MRO purchasing costs. The procurement team has reduced the janitorial services budget by 2.5%, but corporate management wants a 5% reduction. Which of the following is the BEST approach for the team to take in order to meet management's expectation?
- A. Contact the current supplier and develop a solution to reduce costs
- B. Send out a request for quotation (RFQ) to all possible qualified suppliers
- C. Demand that the current supplier reduce costs to meet the required budget
- D. Conduct a root-cause analysis, and then negotiate with the current supplier
正解：A
解説：
To meet the management's expectation of reducing MRO purchasing costs by 5%, the best approach for the procurement team is to collaborate with the current supplier to develop a cost-reduction solution. This method fosters a partnership and encourages innovative cost-saving strategies without compromising service quality.
Demanding a cost reduction (Option A) could strain the relationship, while sending out an RFQ (Option C) might lead to changes in supplier relationships and additional transition costs. Conducting a root-cause analysis and then negotiating (Option D) is a good practice but may not be as immediate or collaborative as working directly with the supplier to develop a solution.
References:
* Supply Chain Management Practices
* Cost Reduction Strategies in Procurement
質問 # 41
A company creates a corporate sourcing team with category management responsibilities. Previously, the firm had no dedicated sourcing staff, and all procurement was decentralized and transactional. The sourcing team is ready to commence its initial project. Which of the following should the team do FIRST?
- A. Assign a project lead
- B. Determine whom to engage
- C. Deliver the project charter
- D. Assemble subject matter experts
正解：C
解説：
The first step for the newly created corporate sourcing team is to deliver the project charter. This charter serves as a formal document that outlines the project's objectives, scope, stakeholders, roles, and responsibilities. It provides a clear foundation and direction for the project, ensuring all team members and stakeholders are aligned. The charter acts as a roadmap, guiding the team through the project's execution and helping to manage expectations and resources effectively.
References:
* Project Management Institute (PMI) standards on project charters.
* "Strategic Sourcing and Category Management" by Magnus Carlsson.
* Corporate sourcing best practices from CIPS (Chartered Institute of Procurement & Supply).
質問 # 42
A buyer finds an opportunity to reduce costs for a particular service through competitive bidding. The buyer issues a request for quotation (RFQ) to prequalified suppliers. However, the statement of work is incomplete, and not clear enough to get an accurate price for the service. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the buyer to take in order to get a proper statement of work included in the RFQ?
- A. Send an email to stakeholders and request a new statement of work
- B. Send an email to stakeholders asking them to review and update the current statement of work
- C. Contact the stakeholders and coordinate the improvement of the existing statement of work
- D. Gather information on the service and prepare a new statement of work
正解：C
質問 # 43
DEF, Inc. is a medium-sized manufacturer in the precious metals industry. Continued price increases in precious metals have put a strain on the financial resources of suppliers, and while some have closed their businesses, others have converted to lower cost metals. DEF's supply manager is concerned not only about the evaporation of the specialty supply base but also that marketing efforts into new online markets are providing new growth and renewed demand for long-established product lines. The supply manager determines that although little precious raw material Is used internally in the organization, the combined volumes from component manufacturers are large and growing.
Which of the following should the supply manager employ to gain value under these conditions?
- A. Value stream mapping
- B. Risk avoidance
- C. Transformation management
- D. Multi-tier purchasing agreements
正解：D
解説：
Given the situation at DEF, Inc., where the supply manager is concerned about the diminishing specialty supply base and the increasing demand for precious metals, the best strategy involves managing the supply chain more effectively:
Option A, risk avoidance, is a general strategy that might not address the specific issues of supply constraints and demand growth.
Option B, value stream mapping, is useful for identifying inefficiencies but does not directly solve the problem of supply base reduction and growing demand.
Option C, transformation management, involves significant changes in processes and may not be immediately feasible or effective in this context.
Option D, multi-tier purchasing agreements, involves engaging with multiple suppliers at different levels of the supply chain. This approach can help secure a more stable supply base by diversifying sources and leveraging combined volumes for better pricing and reliability. It addresses the concerns of both supply continuity and cost management effectively.
References:
* Strategies for managing supply chain risk.
* Benefits of multi-tier purchasing agreements in supply chain management.
質問 # 44
TUV Inc., a small manufacturing firm, hopes to rebuild its customer base and return to profitability after a period of losing market share. Negotiations with a key supplier will be an important factor in this turnaround if target costs and pricing can be worked out.
Given this situation, which of the following would create the MOST challenging constraints In negotiations?
- A. Unpredictable future volume
- B. Troubled financial history of TUV
- C. Demand for the supplier's products from competitors
- D. Need for flexible delivery schedules
正解：B
解説：
* Company Situation: TUV Inc. is aiming to rebuild its customer base and return to profitability.
* Negotiations with Key Supplier: Achieving target costs and pricing is critical for the turnaround.
* Challenging Constraint: The troubled financial history of TUV poses the most significant challenge in negotiations. Suppliers may be hesitant to offer favorable terms to a financially unstable company, affecting credit terms, pricing, and trust.
* Financial Stability: Ensuring TUV's financial stability is crucial for gaining supplier confidence and securing advantageous terms.
References
* ISM. (n.d.). Negotiating with Suppliers: Addressing Financial Constraints.
* CIPS. (n.d.). Overcoming Financial Challenges in Supplier Negotiations.
質問 # 45
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