[2025年12月12日] トップクラスのL4M4練習試験問題
実際問題を使ってL4M4無料問題集サンプル問題と練習テストエンジン
CIPS L4M4 認定試験の出題範囲：
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質問 # 29
Ramesh is an IT category manager within the UK's National Health Service and is responsible for the procurement of a new high-value network system, which will be used across multiple doctors'practices and community health centres. Ramesh has reviewed the different tender approaches and has concluded that the use of a restricted tender is the most appropriate. Which of the following statements is true for a restricted tender process?
- A. Direct negotiations occur prior to suppliers submitting their offer
- B. It is only relevant when there are few suppliers in the market
- C. The contract will be awarded strictly on pricing criteria
- D. Suppliers responding to the tender are pre-qualified
正解：D
解説：
In a restricted tender process, suppliers are pre-qualified through a selection process before being invited to submit tenders. This approach is suitable when there is a need to ensure that only capable suppliers are considered, often due to the complexity or high value of the procurement. It is not limited to situations with few suppliers, and direct negotiations typically occur after tender submissions, not before. Contracts are awarded based on multiple criteria, not solely on price.
Reference:
CIPS Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply, L4M4 Study Guide, Section 2.2: Tendering Procedures
質問 # 30
Commodities can be traded on a stock exchange and are generally divided into one of four categories. Which of the following is not one of these four categories?
- A. energy
- B. livestock
- C. plastics
- D. metals
正解：C
解説：
Plastic is not a commodity. A commodity is something that is naturally occurring and plastic is manufactured.
The other category of commodity is agriculture.
質問 # 31
A procurement manager who works in the public sector has received 8 submissions to a tender op-port unity that was advertised on OJEU. The average price submission for the contract was £1m but one supplier has submitted a price of £200,000, which the procurement manager has identified as being 'an abnormally low tender'. What should be the procurement manager's course of action?
- A. investigate the low bid
- B. award the contract to the low bid as this represents better value for money
- C. award the bid a 0 for price
- D. automatically dismiss the low bid
正解：A
解説：
You should investigate automatically low tenders by clarifying the bid with the supplier. It could be they have misunderstood the requirement. Or the bid could be genuine and they can really provide best value for money.
But without enquiring, you just don't know.
質問 # 32
Tulip Rose Industries is using a restricted approach to tendering for a new contract for the facilities management of their seven factories which produce furniture made of organic materials. What is likely to be the reason they are using a restricted approach?
- A. the suppliers are likely to be unqualified
- B. the requirement is complex
- C. interest in the tender opportunity is likely to be low
- D. interest in the tender opportunity is likely to be high
正解：D
解説：
you would use a restricted approach when interest is likely to be high. The buyer needs a method of de-selecting unsuitable bidders and creating a shortlist of acceptable organisations.
For complex requirements you could use both an open or restrictive tender- the difference between the approaches is about how many bids you're likely to get rather than the complexity of it.
質問 # 33
A business may be faced with the challenge of deciding whether to source some of its requirements from external suppliers or whether to make them internally. There are many factors that need to be considered before arriving at such a decision. Which of the following factors is likely to justify the decision to make the requirements internally?
- A. External suppliers are likely to be overcharging
- B. The availability of in-house competencies and capacity to carry out the production
- C. External sourcing involves cumbersome tendering procedures
- D. The other suppliers are using older technology
正解：B
解説：
The decision to make a product internally rather than sourcing it externally is influenced by several factors.
One of the primary considerations is the availability of in-house competencies and capacity. If an organisation possesses the necessary skills, technology, and resources to produce the required goods or services efficiently, it may opt for internal production to maintain control over quality, reduce costs, and protect proprietary information.
Exact Extract from Study Guide:
"Make or buy decisions take into account: product/service is core, the organisation's capacity to make, current market (cost saving with economy of scales and/or logistics), amount of competition."
質問 # 34
Which of the following financial documents would show whether a supplier has sufficient funds to pay their subcontractors in the short term?
- A. balance sheet
- B. cash flow statement
- C. profit and loss account
- D. ESG policy
正解：B
解説：
A cash flow statement shows the money coming in and out. This would therefore show whether a supplier has enough money coming in, to be able to pay some of it out to a subcontractor.
P&L and Balance Sheets look more broadly at finances, rather than saying what's physically in the bank at a specific given time.
Do learn the difference between these three financial documents for the exam.
Balance Sheet: Explanation, Components, and Examples (investopedia.com) Profit and Loss Statement Meaning, Importance, Types, and Examples (investopedia.com) Cash Flow Statement: How to Read and Understand It (investopedia.com)
質問 # 35
Achieving the 'five rights of procurement' is one of the key objectives of procurement managers. Which of the following are not considered one of the 5 rights? Select TWO.
- A. quality
- B. ethics
- C. environment
- D. time
- E. quantity
正解：B、C
解説：
ethics and environment are not a 'right of procurement'.
The 5 rights are price, quality, quantity, time and place.
質問 # 36
When assessing social responsibility elements of a supplier's proposal, what type of supporting evidence could a supplier provide?
- A. Results of a customer service survey on delivery performance
- B. Quality control reports documenting quality checks in the manufacturing process
- C. Evidence of compliance with fair trade standards
- D. Financial statements detailing profit and loss accounts
正解：C
解説：
Compliance with fair trade standards demonstrates the supplier's commitment to social responsibility, including fair wages and ethical working conditions. This aligns with responsible sourcing practices, ensuring that suppliers maintain ethical labor standards, as advocated in the principles of ethical sourcing.
質問 # 37
Ivan is an investor who is looking to invest in new businesses. He is reviewing several companies and working out what his equity would be. Which of the following does Ivan need to know to calculate shareholder equity?
Select TWO.
- A. net profit
- B. total liabilities
- C. total assets
- D. net income
正解：B、C
解説：
Shareholder Equity = Total Assets - Total Liabilities
質問 # 38
The procurement team at Grape Juice Limited often use a weighted point system when ap-praising potential suppliers. What is a disadvantage of using a weighted point system?
- A. it allows transparency
- B. it is easy to manipulate
- C. it is time-consuming to create
- D. it is hard to be objective
正解：A
解説：
Weighted points systems can be time consuming to create. They're very transparent and allow for objective grading of supplier bids (so these answers are incorrect). They are not easy to manipulate and this is an advantage of using them.
質問 # 39
Sourcing is part of the procurement cycle and is likely to be used in conjunction with which activities? (Select TWO)
- A. Creating call-off orders
- B. Identifying potential suppliers
- C. Raising purchase requisitions
- D. Requesting quotations
- E. Uploading goods received notes
正解：B、D
解説：
Sourcing relates to identifying suppliers (E) and requesting quotations (D) as part of the market engagement stage of the procurement cycle. By contrast, creating call-off orders, raising requisitions, and goods receipting are post-contract operational activities. Responsible sourcing highlights that supplier identification and quotations are key to ensuring ethical, competitive, and compliant supply chains. These activities help ensure alignment with organisational goals, supplier diversity, and sustainability objectives.
Reference: CIPS L4M4 Study Guide (v2), LO: "Application" - sourcing activities within the procurement cycle.
質問 # 40
Which of the following are considerations when evaluating quality as a criterion for supplier selection? Select TWO that apply.
- A. The existence of policies and initiatives toward more sustainable packaging and materials
- B. The supplier's environmental impact analysis
- C. Certification to the management system ISO 9001
- D. Certification to the management system ISO 14001
- E. The existence of Total Quality Management (TQM) and a continuous improvement culture
正解：C、E
解説：
Total Quality Management (TQM) practices and ISO 9001 certification are indicators of a supplier's commitment to quality. Responsible sourcing evaluates these factors to ensure suppliers meet high-quality standards and continuous improvement expectations.
質問 # 41
In a negotiation, a supplier does not want to upset or offend the buyer, so concedes their own requirement in order to ensure harmony. Which negotiation tactic is the supplier using?
- A. accommodating
- B. collaborative
- C. compromising
- D. competitive
正解：A
解説：
This is accommodating: the supplier puts the buyer's interest above his own.
This is from the Thomas Killman model of conflict resolution. There are 5 strategies; competitive, collaborative, avoiding, accommodating and compromising. In the study guide it doesn't mention the name of the model but you do need to know the 5 strategies. The model comes up a lot in other modules so is a good one to learn. Particularly L5M1 which is about management theory.
質問 # 42
Why do tenders often have longer timescales in the public sector when compared with those of the private sector?
- A. Regulation of the public sector usually dictates minimum timescales
- B. There is a more detailed debrief requirement in the public sector
- C. There is wider stakeholder involvement in the public sector
- D. All public sector purchases are mandated to use a tendering procedure
正解：A
解説：
Public sector procurement is governed by specific regulations that stipulate minimum timescales for various stages of the tendering process. These regulations are designed to ensure transparency, fairness, and adequate time for suppliers to prepare their bids. For instance, under the Procurement Act 2023, certain procedures have defined minimum periods for tender submissions to allow sufficient time for supplier participation.
Exact Extract from Study Guide:
"Public sector procurement is subject to specific regulations that dictate minimum timescales for tendering processes to ensure fairness and transparency."
質問 # 43
What mechanism helps buying organisations achieve a best value outcome in a tender exercise?
- A. Restricting the number of bidders
- B. Providing a debrief
- C. Advertising requirements
- D. Timetabling the process
正解：B
解説：
Providing a debrief allows suppliers to understand the tender process and learn areas of improvement, promoting transparency. This practice supports responsible sourcing by fostering a fair, competitive environment and encouraging suppliers to improve their future offerings.
質問 # 44
A buyer has been tasked with placing an order for steel from another country and using Incoterms for the delivery. The buyer's organisation has an in-house transportation and export clearance department. During negotiations, the buyer achieved a 25% cost reduction by accepting responsibility to arrange loading, transportation, and export clearance. Which Incoterm has been agreed?
- A. FCA - Free Carrier
- B. EXW - Ex Works
- C. FOB - Free on Board
- D. CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid
正解：B
解説：
Under the EXW (Ex Works) Incoterm, the buyer assumes responsibility for transportation and export clearance from the seller's premises. This term aligns with cost-saving measures and the buyer's internal capabilities for logistics, supporting efficient and responsible sourcing.
質問 # 45
What course of action should be taken when an audit of a supplier identifies evidence of human rights malpractice?
- A. Remove all business and inform press organisations, who will in turn bring the issue to the attention of formal governmental organisations who can take action
- B. Immediately raise the issue with the supplier and jointly develop a timely action plan to be implemented before a repeat audit
- C. Allow the supplier to complete current orders placed, while pursuing an alternative source to change to as soon as approved
- D. Immediately halt all orders with the supplier, make a record of the violation in the supplier database, and switch to an alternative source of supply
正解：B
解説：
Addressing human rights issues collaboratively by developing an action plan allows for improvement and correction. This approach is consistent with ethical sourcing principles, which encourage responsible intervention to correct and improve supply chain practices rather than punitive measures that may not lead to long-term change.
質問 # 46
A procurement manager analyses total company expenditure on goods and services. What can expenditure by product category or supplier achieve? (Select TWO)
- A. Identify how obsolete stock can be disposed of sustainably
- B. Provide information on costs and trends for comparison
- C. Help set the organisation's marketing strategy
- D. Highlight opportunities for negotiating better prices
- E. Provide analysis to help with production planning
正解：B、D
解説：
Expenditure analysis by category/supplier enables buyers to track trends over time (A), supporting benchmarking and financial control. It also identifies opportunities for negotiation (C) by highlighting concentration of spend and potential leverage with suppliers. Marketing strategy, production scheduling, and stock disposal are outside procurement's primary scope. Responsible sourcing relies on robust spend analysis to identify efficiency opportunities, reduce wasteful expenditure, and support supplier relationship management strategies, all while aligning with sustainability and compliance goals.
Reference: CIPS L4M4 Study Guide (v2), LO: "Application" - spend analysis and its role in responsible sourcing.
質問 # 47
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2025年最新の実際に出ると確認されたCIPS L4M4無料試験問題：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1q7Ps2EZnKZ2E8KpxDK8FsTCcm6KjKa_9