2024年12月 PMI DASM認定リアル2024年最新の模擬試験合格させます
DASM試験問題と有効なDASM問題集でPDF
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質問 # 24
A scrum master needs to set up a team for a long-term project that has the potential for significant budgeting and tracking overhead.
What type of team should the scrum master set up?
- A. A cross-functional team
- B. A protect team
- C. A shared services team
- D. A long-standing team
正解：D
解説：
Along-standing teamis best suited for a long-term project with the potential for significant budgeting and tracking overhead. In Disciplined Agile (DA), a long-standing team is a stable, cross-functional team that remains intact over time and works on various projects or continuous delivery of value. This type of team reduces overhead associated with forming and disbanding teams and allows for more consistent tracking, budgeting, and management of resources. Additionally, long-standing teams develop stronger team dynamics and improve performance over time due to their stability.
* B. A project teamis typically temporary and disbanded once the project ends.
* C. A cross-functional teamis a characteristic of many Agile teams but does not specifically address the need for long-term stability.
* D. A shared services teamsupports other teams by providing specialized skills but is not focused on long-term projects with budgeting needs.
質問 # 25
Which of the following statements accurately describes a complex adaptive system?
- A. The process used in agile teams to evolve their ways of working and motivate change in those they interact with outside of the team
- B. The process by which a collection of interacting teams and groups adapt their way of working to the organizational context and project requirements
- C. A system in which a perfect understanding of the individual parts does not automatically convey a perfect understanding of the whole system's behavior
- D. A system algorithm used to predict how people are going to work together or what the results of that work will be
正解：C
解説：
Acomplex adaptive systemis characterized by the idea that understanding the individual components does not necessarily provide a clear understanding of the system's overall behavior. These systems are composed of interacting agents that adapt and learn from their experiences, leading to emergent behavior that cannot be easily predicted from the properties of the individual components. This concept is critical in Agile and Disciplined Agile practices, where teams and organizations are viewed as complex adaptive systems that evolve and adapt over time in response to their environment.
質問 # 26
What is the purpose of an iteration retrospective?
- A. To prioritize stories and concrete tasks for the next iteration.
- B. To identity progress and to note encountered impediments.
- C. To transfer knowledge and improvements to the next iteration.
- D. To showcase what the team accomplished in an iteration.
正解：C
解説：
The purpose of aniteration retrospectivein the Disciplined Agile framework is to reflect on the team's process and performance during the previous iteration to identify what went well and what can be improved.
The primary goal is to continuously improve by transferring the lessons learned, knowledge, and potential improvements to the next iteration. This aligns with Disciplined Agile's emphasis on continuous improvement and learning, which is critical to the team's effectiveness and efficiency.
The other options are not the primary focus of an iteration retrospective:
* A. To showcase what the team accomplished in an iterationis the purpose of an iteration review or demo, not a retrospective.
* C. To prioritize stories and concrete tasks for the next iterationis typically part of iteration planning.
* D. To identify progress and to note encountered impedimentsis also part of other ceremonies like daily standups but not the main focus of a retrospective.
Thus, the correct answer isB. To transfer knowledge and improvements to the next iteration, aligning with the Disciplined Agile framework's purpose for iteration retrospectives.
質問 # 27
The Kaizen feedback loop can be summarized as:
- A. Plan, Do. Study. Act
- B. Plat. Implement Demo. Study
- C. Study. Act. React, Demo
- D. Plan, Do, Monitor. Study
正解：A
解説：
TheKaizen feedback loopis commonly summarized asPlan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA). This cycle is used for continuous improvement and problem-solving, where:
* Plan: Identify a goal or process and plan a change.
* Do: Implement the change on a small scale.
* Study: Observe and analyze the results of the change.
* Act: Decide on necessary adjustments and standardize the successful changes.
Other options do not correctly capture the Kaizen loop:
* A. Plan, Do, Monitor, Studyincorrectly places "Monitor".
* B. Plat, Implement Demo, Studymixes unrelated steps.
* D. Study, Act, React, Demodoes not follow the correct logical order of the Kaizen feedback loop.
Thus, the correct answer isC. Plan, Do, Study, Act.
質問 # 28
When should an iteration backlog be created?
- A. At the beginning of each sprint.
- B. When planning the Kanban board or other put method.
- C. At the beginning of each project.
- D. When defining the MBI (Minimum Business Increment).
正解：A
解説：
Aniteration backlog(or sprint backlog) is createdat the beginning of each sprintduring the iteration planning meeting. This backlog consists of the tasks and user stories that the team commits to completing during the iteration. The process involves selecting the highest-priority items from the product backlog and breaking them down into smaller tasks that can be completed within the sprint timeframe.
* A. Planning the Kanban boarddoes not typically use an iteration backlog as Kanban is flow-based, not iteration-based.
* B. At the beginning of each projectis incorrect because the backlog is created for each sprint, not the entire project.
* C. When defining the MBI (Minimum Business Increment)is related to identifying the smallest unit of value delivery but is not when an iteration backlog is created.
質問 # 29
Which rote on the delivery team builds the product right?
- A. Product Owner
- B. Team Lead
- C. Architecture Owner
- D. Team Member
正解：D
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA), theTeam Memberrole is primarily responsible for building the product correctly.
Team Members are the individuals who directly create the product by writing code, testing, designing, and performing other tasks necessary to deliver a working solution. The Architecture Owner may guide architectural decisions, and the Team Lead may facilitate processes, but it is the Team Members who actively build the product and ensure it meets the required standards and specifications.
質問 # 30
What docs a well-written user story describe?
- A. The needs of all users.
- B. The expectations of the product owner.
- C. The customers' perspective.
- D. A fixed outcome.
正解：C
解説：
A well-written user story in agile practices, including Disciplined Agile, describesthe customer's perspective
. User stories are short, simple descriptions of a feature or requirement from the point of view of the end user or customer. They are intended to capture the "who, what, and why" of a requirement, focusing on the value it delivers to the customer. This perspective ensures that the development team understands the real-world needs and motivations behind the features they are building, allowing them to create solutions that truly meet user needs.
質問 # 31
During Which iterative ceremony should someone obtain feedback?
- A. Iteration planning.
- B. Iteration demo.
- C. Daily stand-up/coordination meeting.
- D. Retrospective.
正解：B
解説：
During aniteration demo(also known as an iteration review), the team presents the work completed during the iteration to stakeholders and obtains feedback. This feedback is crucial for ensuring that the team is delivering the desired value and making adjustments as needed forfuture iterations. The demo provides an opportunity for the product owner and other stakeholders to inspect the product increment and provide input that can be used to refine the backlog and guide the team's efforts.
* B. Retrospectiveis focused on team improvement rather than obtaining product feedback.
* C. Iteration planningis for planning the work to be done, not gathering feedback.
* D. Daily stand-up/coordination meetingis used for team synchronization and does not involve external feedback.
質問 # 32
Which of these tools or techniques should be used to sequence work to deliver value quickly?
- A. Work in process (WIP) limits
- B. Minimum viable product (MVP)
- C. Minimum business Increment (MBI)
- D. Panning Poker
正解：C
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA),Minimum Business Increment (MBI)(A) is a key tool used to sequence work in order to deliver value quickly. An MBI is the smallest piece of functionality that can deliver recognizable value to the business and its stakeholders. By focusing on delivering MBIs, teams can prioritize andsequence their work to release incremental value to customers in a timely manner, reducing time-to-market and allowing for early feedback.
Here's a breakdown of whyMBIis the correct answer:
* MBI (A)is specifically designed to deliverreal business valuewith the minimum amount of effort, ensuring that development work is focused on the most impactful features first. It's not just about delivering a working product, but rather delivering thesmallest set of functionalitiesthat provide business value, which can be immediately utilized by the organization or customers.
The other options have important roles in Agile but are not directly related to sequencing work to deliver value quickly:
* Minimum Viable Product (MVP) (B): While MVP is crucial for early market testing, it is a broader concept compared to MBI. MVP aims to test the product's viability, but MBI is more focused on delivering incremental business value.
* Planning Poker (C): A tool for estimating work efforts in Agile but not used for sequencing work.
* Work in Process (WIP) Limits (D): This technique is related to managing workflow, typically in Kanban, by limiting the number of tasks in progress to avoid overloading the team. While it improves flow, it does not directly prioritize or sequence work based on business value.
Therefore,MBI (A)is the most effective technique for sequencing work to deliver value quickly in the DA framework.
質問 # 33
Which method extends the Kaizen loop strategy to help teams identify techniques that are likely to work in their context?
- A. Cross-team learning
- B. Explicit workflow policies
- C. Communities of practice
- D. Guided continuous improvement
正解：D
質問 # 34
What arc Disciplined Agile milestones based on?
- A. Continuous integration
- B. Lean governance
- C. Documentation
- D. Lifecycle
正解：B
解説：
Disciplined Agile (DA) milestones are based on the concept ofLean governance, which is focused on ensuring that agile practices are aligned with the organization's overall objectives while minimizing bureaucracy. In the DA framework, milestones provide lightweight checkpoints throughout the lifecycle to ensure that the team is on track to meet its objectives and deliver value. These milestones are not about documentation or merely following a predefined lifecycle but are instead focused on achieving business value in a lean and efficient manner.
* A. Continuous integrationis a practice rather than a basis for milestones.
* B. Documentationis not a central focus of DA milestones.
* D. Lifecyclerefers to the various phases in the DA process, but milestones are specific checkpoints within these phases guided by lean governance principles.
Thus,C. Lean governanceis the correct answer, as it embodies the principles upon which Disciplined Agile milestones are established.
質問 # 35
What is the role of management in Lean?
- A. Ensure documentation is completed.
- B. Ensure decisions are not made regionally.
- C. Provide minimum viable products to the team.
- D. Create awesome team environments.
正解：D
解説：
In Lean and Agile methodologies, the role of management is tocreate awesome team environmentsthat foster collaboration, creativity, and high performance. Lean principles emphasize empowering teams, removing obstacles, and creating a culture of continuous improvement and respect. This means management's role is to support the team, provide the necessary resources, and ensure a safe and conducive environment for delivering high-quality work.
* A. Ensure documentation is completedis not the primary role of management in Lean.
* B. Provide minimum viable products to the teamis more related to the responsibilities of product owners or teams, not management.
* C. Ensure decisions are not made regionallyis not directly related to the core responsibilities of management in Lean.
Therefore,D. Create awesome team environmentscorrectly reflects the Lean management role.
質問 # 36
What are the eight principles of Disciplined Agile?
- A. Delight Customers, Be Awesome. Use Logic, Fail Fast, Enterprise Awareness, Optimize Process.
Choice is Good. Organize around products/services. - B. Customer Satisfaction. Market Awareness. Be Awesome. Pragmatism, Context Counts. Minimize Cost, Choice is Good, Use Logic.
- C. Delight Customers. Be Awesome. Pragmatism. Context Counts. Choice is Good. Optimize Flow.
Enterprise Awareness. Organize around products/services. - D. Customer Satisfaction. Market Awareness. Be Awesome, Pragmatism. Quick Decisions. Fail Fast.
Choice is Good. Customer Satisfaction.
正解：C
解説：
Theeight principles of Disciplined Agile (DA)provide a foundation for making sound decisions within an agile framework. The correct principles are:
* Delight Customers: Focus on delivering high-quality products and services that meet or exceed customer expectations.
* Be Awesome: Encourage team members to be the best they can be and create an environment that enables them to excel.
* Pragmatism: Apply practical approaches and techniques that are most suitable for the given context.
* Context Counts: Understand that every situation is unique, and practices should be tailored accordingly.
* Choice is Good: Promote multiple ways of working and allow teams to choose the most appropriate techniques.
* Optimize Flow: Focus on improving the flow of work to maximize efficiency and minimize waste.
* Enterprise Awareness: Ensure teams understand and align with the organization's broader goals and strategies.
* Organize around products/services: Structure teams and workflows around delivering value to customers through products or services.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. Delight Customers, Be Awesome, Pragmatism, Context Counts, Choice is Good, Optimize Flow, Enterprise Awareness, Organize around products/services.
質問 # 37
What is the first step in choosing your team's way of working?
- A. Guided continuous improvement
- B. Select best-tit life cycle.
- C. Connect the dots
- D. Make some choices.
- E. Analyze the context.
正解：E
解説：
The first step in choosing a team's way of working (WoW) in Disciplined Agile is toanalyze the context.
This involves understanding the specific needs, constraints, and circumstances of the team and its environment. By analyzing the context, the team can make informed decisions about which practices, tools, and frameworks are most appropriate for their situation. This ensures that the chosen WoW is tailored to fit the team's unique challenges and goals.
質問 # 38
What is the architecture owner responsible for?
- A. Determining the priorities for the solution
- B. Mitigating key technical risks
- C. Removing impediments
- D. Working cross-functionally to deliver the solution
正解：B
解説：
In Disciplined Agile, theArchitecture Owneris responsible formitigating key technical risks. This role focuses on overseeing the architectural integrity of the solution being developed, ensuring that the team makes sound technical decisions that align with the desired architecture and quality attributes of the project. The Architecture Owner helps in identifying and addressing potential technical risks early in the project life cycle, collaborating with the team to adapt the architecture as necessary to mitigate these risks.
This individual works closely with the team to guide architectural considerations, ensures compliance with the chosen architectural strategies, and maintains the overall technical direction of the project. Although they are involved in other cross-functional activities, their primary responsibility is to foresee and address technical challenges that could jeopardize the success of the project.
質問 # 39
Which of the following is a primary role on a Disciplined Agile Delivery team?
- A. Integrator
- B. Domain Expert
- C. Specialist
- D. Architecture Owner
正解：D
解説：
On a Disciplined Agile Delivery (DAD) team, theArchitecture Owneris a primary role. The Architecture Owner is responsible for guiding the team in making sound architectural decisions and ensuring that the architecture evolves appropriately to support the team's work. This role involves collaborating with the team to address architectural concerns, mitigate technical risks, and ensure alignment with the overall technical vision. The Architecture Owner also helps the team navigate complex technical decisions and is a key player in maintaining the integrity of the system architecture.
質問 # 40
What are the three phases common across project life cycles? (Choose three)
- A. Modulation
- B. Inspiration
- C. Transition
- D. Construction
- E. Inception
正解：C、D、E
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA), the three common phases across project life cycles areInception, Construction, andTransition. These phases reflect the iterative and incremental approach of agile methodologies tailored to suit varying contexts.
* Inception: This phase is about getting things started properly. It includes initial planning activities such as defining the vision, developing a preliminary project plan, identifying stakeholders, securing funding, and setting up the initial environment.
* Construction: This phase focuses on developing a consumable solution in a series of iterations. The team builds, enhances, and evolves the solution to ensure that it meets stakeholders' needs while remaining aligned with the overarching vision and goals.
* Transition: The transition phase ensures that the solution is ready for delivery to the end-users or stakeholders. This includes final validation and verification activities, user training, deployment, and addressing any remaining issues.
These phases are common in the DA life cycles, reflecting the disciplined approach to managing complexity in various types of projects, from straightforward to highly complex, while supporting adaptability and continuous improvement.
質問 # 41
How should iterations for an agile project be planned?
- A. At the beginning of each iteration by puling from the product backlog.
- B. Throughout the project by using iteration reviews to continuously improve quality.
- C. At the retrospective meetings to ensure nothing is missed from one iteration to the next.
- D. Iteratively by the product owner to ensure global optimization.
正解：A
解説：
In Agile and Disciplined Agile practices, iterations are plannedat the beginning of each iterationduring an iteration planning meeting. The team, along with the product owner, pulls the highest-priority items from the product backlog that they believe can be completed within the iteration. This ensures that the work is well- defined, understood, and aligned with the current goals and priorities.
* A. Retrospective meetingsfocus on reflecting on the past iteration to identify improvements, not planning the next iteration.
* B. Using iteration reviewsimproves quality but is not about planning.
* D. Iteratively planning by the product owneralone does not ensure team alignment or collaboration, which is essential in Agile.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. At the beginning of each iteration by pulling from the product backlog.
質問 # 42
What arc two of the ways that Disciplined Agile provides a solid foundation for business agility? (Choose two)
- A. Enforces adherence to organizational standards.
- B. Provides guidance to streamline processes in a context-sensitive manner.
- C. Defines a framework foragility at scale.
- D. Creates awesome teams that foster joy.
- E. Describes the trade-offs associated with a range of options.
正解：B、C
解説：
Disciplined Agile (DA) provides a solid foundation for business agility through multiple mechanisms, including:
* B. Defining a framework for agility at scale: DA offers a comprehensive toolkit that supports scaling agile practices across an organization, integrating principles from various agile methodologies to ensure coherence and alignment.
* D. Providing guidance to streamline processes in a context-sensitive manner: DA emphasizes tailoring processes to the specific context of the organization, project, or team, rather than applying a one-size- fits-all approach. This flexibility allows organizations to adapt more effectively to change and improve their agility.
* A. Enforcing adherence to organizational standardscontradicts the DA principle of pragmatism and flexibility.
* C. Creating awesome teams that foster joyis beneficial but is not specifically cited as foundational for business agility.
* E. Describing trade-offsis part of DA's decision-making framework but not directly a way of providing a foundation for business agility.
Thus, the correct answers areB. Defines a framework for agility at scaleandD. Provides guidance to streamline processes in a context-sensitive manner.
質問 # 43
Why is the coordination meeting important for a project team?
- A. It provides a demo of the product to keep everyone up to date.
- B. If allows the team to reassess the backlog to meet their needs.
- C. It provides an opportunity for the team to help itself stay m sync.
- D. It allows the stakeholders to see how well the team is working together.
正解：C
解説：
Thecoordination meeting(often referred to as the daily stand-up or daily coordination meeting in Agile practices) is crucial for a project team becauseit provides an opportunity for the team to help itself stay in sync. This meeting is typically held daily and allows team members to communicate their progress, discuss any challenges or impediments, and align their activities with the project's goals.
In Disciplined Agile, such meetings are vital for fostering collaboration and ensuring that everyone on the team is aware of what others are doing, which helps avoid misunderstandings, duplicate work, and potential blockers. The purpose is not to report to a manager but for the team to coordinate, plan, and adjust their work dynamically to ensure continuous alignment and effective progress towards the team's objectives.
質問 # 44
What are the three phases of DAD's delivery life cycle?
- A. Commencement. Creation. Evolution
- B. Introduction. Substance, Alteration
- C. Inception. Construction. Transition
- D. Initiation. Foundation. Conversion
正解：C
質問 # 45
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