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質問 # 18
Which NVIDIA GPU is offered by Oracle Cloud Infrastructure?
- A. P200
- B. K80
- C. A100
- D. T4
正解：C
解説：
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure offers NVIDIA A100 Tensor Core GPUs as one of the GPU options for its compute instances. The NVIDIA A100 GPU is a powerful and versatile GPU that can accelerate a wide range of AI and HPC workloads. The A100 GPU delivers up to 20x higher performance than the previous generation V100 GPU and supports features such as multi-instance GPU, automatic mixed precision, and sparsity acceleration12. The OCI Compute bare-metal BM.GPU4.8 instance offers eight 40GB NVIDIA A100 GPUs linked via high-speed NVIDIA NVLink direct GPU-to-GPU interconnects3. This instance is ideal for training large language models, computer vision models, and other complex AI tasks. Reference: Accelerated Computing and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) - NVIDIA, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Offers New NVIDIA GPU-Accelerated Compute ..., GPU, Virtual Machines and Bare Metal | Oracle
質問 # 19
Which type of machine learning is used for already labeled data sets?
- A. Unsupervised earning
- B. Active learning
- C. Reinforcement learning
- D. Supervised learning
正解：D
解説：
Supervised learning is a type of machine learning that uses labeled data sets to train algorithms that can classify data or predict outcomes. Labeled data sets are data sets that have both input features and output labels for each instance. For example, a labeled data set for image classification would have images as input features and the corresponding categories (such as dog, cat, bird, etc.) as output labels. Supervised learning algorithms learn the relationship between the input features and the output labels from the training data set and then use that relationship to make predictions on new or unseen data. Supervised learning can be divided into two subtypes: classification and regression. Classification is the task of assigning discrete categories to data instances, such as spam or not spam for emails. Regression is the task of predicting continuous values for data instances, such as house prices or stock prices. Reference: : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure AI - Machine Learning Concepts, What is Supervised Learning? | IBM
質問 # 20
What is the advantage of using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Supercluster for AI workloads?
- A. It provides a cost-effective solution for simple AI tasks.
- B. It is ideal for tasks such as text-to-speech conversion.
- C. It delivers exceptional performance and scalability for complex AI tasks.
- D. It offers seamless integration with social media platforms.
正解：C
解説：
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Supercluster is a cloud service that provides ultrafast cluster networking, HPC storage, and OCI Compute bare metal instances. OCI Supercluster is ideal for training generative AI, including conversational applications and diffusion models, as it can deploy up to tens of thousands of NVIDIA GPUs per cluster for much greater scalability than similar offerings from other providers. OCI Supercluster also reduces the time needed to train AI models with simple Ethernet network architecture that provides ultrahigh performance at massive scale. Additionally, OCI Supercluster offers cost savings and access to AI subject matter experts56. Reference: OCI Supercluster and AI Infrastructure | Oracle, Oracle Delivers More Choices for AI Infrastructure and General-Purpose ...
質問 # 21
Which Deep Learning model is well-suited for processing sequential data, such as sentences?
- A. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
- B. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)
- C. Variational Autoencoder (VAE)
- D. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
正解：A
解説：
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are a type of deep learning algorithm that can process sequential data, such as sentences, speech, or time series. They are composed of recurrent units that have a loop that allows them to store information from previous inputs and pass it to the next inputs. This way, they can capture the temporal dependencies and context within a sequence. RNNs can be used for various natural language processing tasks, such as text generation, machine translation, sentiment analysis, speech recognition, etc. However, RNNs also suffer from some limitations, such as vanishing or exploding gradients, difficulty in modeling long-term dependencies, and high computational cost. Therefore, some variants and extensions of RNNs have been proposed to overcome these challenges, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Bidirectional RNN (BiRNN), Attention Mechanism, etc. Reference: : [Recurrent neural network - Wikipedia], [What are Recurrent Neural Networks? | IBM], [Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) in Machine Learning]
質問 # 22
As an IT manager for your company, you are responsible for migrating your company's image and video analysis workloads to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). Your team is particularly interested in a cloud service that offers advanced computer vision capabilities, including custom model training.
Which OCI service would you consider for this purpose?
- A. OCI Document Understanding
- B. OCI Language
- C. OCI Speech
- D. OCI Vision
正解：D
解説：
OCI Vision is the best choice for migrating your company's image and video analysis workloads to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure, as it offers advanced computer vision capabilities, including custom model training. With OCI Vision, you can build your own models to detect and classify objects in images and videos, using your own data and labels. You can also use OCI Vision's pretrained models for common tasks such as face detection, face recognition, and face analysis. OCI Vision supports various file formats, such as JPG, PNG, PDF, and TIFF, and can connect to many data sources, such as Object Storage, Autonomous Transaction Processing, and InfluxDB3. Reference: Vision - Oracle
質問 # 23
What is the purpose of Attention Mechanism in Transformer architecture?
- A. Convert tokens into numerical forms (vectors) that the model can understand.
- B. Apply a specific function to each word individually.
- C. Break down a sentence into smaller pieces called tokens.
- D. Weigh the importance of different words within a sequence and understand the context.
正解：D
解説：
The attention mechanism in the Transformer architecture is a technique that allows the model to focus on the most relevant parts of the input and output sequences. It computes a weighted sum of the input or output embeddings, where the weights indicate how much each word contributes to the representation of the current word. The attention mechanism helps the model capture the long-range dependencies and the semantic relationships between words in a sequence12. Reference: The Transformer Attention Mechanism - MachineLearningMastery.com, Attention Mechanism in the Transformers Model - Baeldung
質問 # 24
How is "Prompt Engineering" different from "Fine-tuning" in the context of Large Language Models (LLMs)?
- A. Involves post-processing model outputs and optimizing hyper parameters
- B. Trains a model from scratch
- C. Guides the model's response using predefined prompts
- D. Customizes the model architecture
正解：C
解説：
Prompt engineering is the art of designing natural language instructions or queries that can elicit the desired response from a large language model. Prompt engineering does not modify the model parameters or architecture, but rather relies on the model's existing knowledge and capabilities. Prompt engineering can be used to perform various tasks such as text generation, sentiment analysis, and code completion, by providing the model with the appropriate context, format, and constraints67. Prompt engineering is also known as zero-shot learning or query-based learning. Reference: [2211.01910] Large Language Models Are Human-Level Prompt Engineers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01910), A developer's guide to prompt engineering and LLMs - The GitHub Blog
質問 # 25
What is "in-context learning" in the realm of large Language Models (LLMs)?
- A. Providing a few examples of a target task via the input prompt
- B. Training a model on a diverse range of tasks
- C. Modifying the behavior of a pretrained LLM permanently
- D. Teaching a mode! through zero-shot learning
正解：A
解説：
In-context learning is a technique that leverages the ability of large language models to learn from a few input-output examples provided in the input prompt. By conditioning on these examples, the model can infer the task and the format of the desired output, and generate a suitable response. In-context learning does not require any additional training or fine-tuning of the model, and can be used for various tasks such as text summarization, question answering, text generation, and more45. In-context learning is also known as few-shot learning or prompt-based learning. Reference: [2307.12375] In-Context Learning in Large Language Models Learns Label ...](https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.12375), [2307.07164] Learning to Retrieve In-Context Examples for Large Language Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.07164)
質問 # 26
How is Generative AI different from other AI approaches?
- A. Generative AI is used exclusively for text-based applications.
- B. Generative AI understands underlying data and creates new examples.
- C. Generative AI focuses on decision-making and optimization.
- D. Generative AI generates labeled outputs for training.
正解：B
解説：
Generative AI is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on creating new content or data based on the patterns and structure of existing data. Unlike other AI approaches that aim to recognize, classify, or predict data, generative AI aims to generate data that is realistic, diverse, and novel. Generative AI can produce various types of content, such as images, text, audio, video, software code, product designs, and more. Generative AI uses different techniques and models to learn from data and generate new examples, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs), variational autoencoders (VAEs), diffusion models, and foundation models. Generative AI has many applications across different domains and industries, such as art, entertainment, education, healthcare, engineering, marketing, and more. Reference: : Oracle Cloud Infrastructure AI - Generative AI, Generative artificial intelligence - Wikipedia
質問 # 27
How can Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Document Understanding service be applied in business processes?
- A. By transcribing spoken language
- B. By analyzing text sentiment
- C. By automating data extraction from documents
- D. By generating lifelike speech from text
正解：C
解説：
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Document Understanding service is a cloud-based AI service for automating data extraction from documents. It can process various types of documents, such as invoices, receipts, contracts, forms, etc., and extract key information fields from them using optical character recognition (OCR) and natural language understanding (NLU) techniques. It can also provide confidence scores for each extracted field and enable human verification if needed. By using this service, businesses can reduce manual efforts, improve accuracy, and accelerate workflows that involve document processing. Some of the use cases for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Document Understanding service are:
Invoice Processing: Extract invoice details, such as invoice number, date, amount, vendor name, etc., and validate them against purchase orders or contracts.
Contract Analysis: Extract contract terms, such as parties, duration, clauses, obligations, etc., and compare them with standard templates or policies.
Form Processing: Extract form fields, such as name, address, phone number, email, etc., and populate them into databases or applications. Reference: : [Document Understanding Overview - Oracle], [AI Document Understanding at Scale | Oracle]
質問 # 28
How does Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Anomaly Detection service contribute to fraud detection?
- A. By transcribing spoken language
- B. By identifying abnormal patterns in data
- C. By analyzing text sentiment
- D. By generating spoken language from text
正解：B
解説：
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Anomaly Detection is an AI service that provides real-time and batch anomaly detection for univariate and multivariate time series data. Through a simple user interface, organizations can create and train models to detect anomalies and identify unusual behavior, changes in trends, outliers, and more. Anomaly Detection can contribute to fraud detection by analyzing data from various sources, such as transactions, logs, sensors, or customer behavior, and alerting users when suspicious or fraudulent activities are detected2. Reference: Anomaly Detection | Oracle
質問 # 29
You are the lead developer of a Deep Learning research team, and you are tasked with improving the training speed of your deep neural networks. To accelerate the training process, you decide to leverage specialized hardware.
Which hardware component is commonly used in Deep Learning to accelerate model training?
- A. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
- B. Solid-State Drive (SSD)
- C. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- D. Random Access Memory (RAM)
正解：A
解説：
A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized hardware component that can perform parallel computations on large amounts of data. GPUs are widely used in deep learning to accelerate the training of deep neural networks, as they can execute many matrix operations and tensor operations simultaneously. GPUs can significantly reduce the training time and improve the performance of deep learning models compared to using CPUs alone678. Reference: Hardware Recommendations for Machine Learning / AI, New hardware offers faster computation for artificial intelligence ..., The Best Hardware for Machine Learning - ReHack, Hardware for Deep Learning Inference: How to Choose the Best One for ...
質問 # 30
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