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質問 # 42
What stage of LEED for Neighborhood Development certification listed below is eligible for points under Building Design and Construction: New Construction, Location and Transportation Credit, LEED for Neighborhood Development Location?
- A. LEED for Neighborhood Development Pilot, Stage 1 LEED for Neighborhood Development Pre-reviewed Plan
- B. LEED 2009, Stage 1 Conditional Approval of LEED for Neighborhood Development Plan
- C. LEED for Neighborhood Development Pilot, Stage 3 LEED for Neighborhood Development Certified Project
- D. LEED v4, LEED for Neighborhood Development Conditional Approval
正解：C
解説：
The only stage of LEED for Neighborhood Development certification that is eligible for points under Building Design and Construction: New Construction, Location and Transportation Credit, LEED for Neighborhood Development Location, is LEED for Neighborhood Development Pilot, Stage 3 LEED for Neighborhood Development Certified Project. This is because the credit requires that the project be located within the boundary of a development that has achieved certification under LEED for Neighborhood Development (either Stage 2 or Stage 3 under the Pilot or 2009 rating systems, or Certified Plan or Certified Project under the LEED v4 rating system)1 The other stages listed in the question are either conditional approvals or pre-reviews that do not guarantee certification23 Reference: 1: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Location and Transportation Credit: LEED for Neighborhood Development Location, page 460. 2: LEED for Neighborhood Development Location - Above Green 3 3: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S. Green Building Council 1
質問 # 43
A school wants to incorporate natural daylighting in classrooms on all sides of the building. What can the project design team explain to the school district about how this strategy will affect the operational energy cost?
- A. Reduction in lighting fixture use reduces re-lamping
- B. There would be passive solar heating benefits to all of the classrooms
- C. Heat gain will reduce the air conditioning load
- D. Having the lights off reduces the electricity use
正解：D
解説：
Natural daylighting can reduce the electricity use for artificial lighting, which is one of the major components of operational energy cost for buildings. By having the lights off or dimmed when sufficient daylight is available, the project can save energy and money. The other options are not necessarily true or relevant for natural daylighting. Heat gain and passive solar heating depend on the orientation, shading, and insulation of the windows, not just the amount of daylight. Reduction in lighting fixture use may reduce re-lamping, but that is not a significant factor in operational energy cost compared to electricity use. Reference: EA Credit Optimize Energy Performance, EQ Credit Daylight, LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction123
質問 # 44
A contractor is building a retirement community project. 30% of the building's product costs were derived from reused/salvaged materials or met recycled content criteria. Which of the following credits can the LEED AP submit towards certification?
- A. Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients
- B. Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations
- C. Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials
- D. Materials and Resources Prerequisite, Construction and Demolition - Waste Management Planning
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials rewards projects that use materials that have optimized extraction processes by limiting or eliminating the extraction of new resources, the reuse of materials or the use of recycled materials1. According to the LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction2, the credit has two options: Option 1.
Raw Material Source and Extraction Reporting and Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices. Option 1 requires the project to use at least 20 permanently installed products from at least five different manufacturers that have publicly released a report from their raw material suppliers which include extraction locations, a commitment to long-term ecologically responsible land use, a commitment to reducing environmental harms from extraction and/or manufacturing processes, and a commitment to meeting applicable standards or programs voluntarily that address responsible sourcing criteria2. Option 2 requires the project to use products that meet at least one of the responsible sourcing criteria below for at least 25%, by cost, of the total value of permanently installed building products in the project:
* Extended producer responsibility. Products purchased from a manufacturer (producer) that participates in an extended producer responsibility program or is directly responsible for extended producer responsibility.
* Bio-based materials. Bio-based products must meet the Sustainable Agriculture Network's Sustainable Agriculture Standard. Bio-based raw materials must be tested using ASTM Test Method D6866 and be legally harvested, as defined by the exporting and receiving country. Exclude hide products, such as leather and other animal skin material.
* Wood products. Wood products must be certified by the Forest Stewardship Council or USGBC-approved equivalent.
* Materials reuse. Reused products must include salvaged, refurbished, or reused products.
* Recycled content. Recycled content is the sum of postconsumer recycled content plus one-half the preconsumer recycled content, based on cost. Products meeting recycled content criteria are valued at
100% of their cost for the purposes of credit achievement calculation.
* USGBC approved program. Other USGBC approved programs meeting leadership extraction criteria.
Therefore, among the given options, only Option A is relevant to the use of reused/salvaged materials or recycled content, as they can contribute to the materials reuse or recycled content criteria under Option
2. Option B is a prerequisite that requires the project to develop and implement a construction and demolition waste management plan that identifies the materials to be diverted from disposal and whether the materials will be sorted on-site or co-mingled2. Option C is a credit that requires the project to use at least 20 different permanently installed products from at least five different manufacturers that use any of the following programs to demonstrate the chemical inventory of the product to at least 0.1% (1000 ppm):
* Health Product Declaration. The end use product has a published, complete Health Product Declaration with full disclosure of known hazards in compliance with the Health Product Declaration Open Standard.
* Cradle to Cradle. The end use product has been certified at the Cradle to Cradle v2 Basic level or Cradle to Cradle v3 Bronze level.
* REACH Optimization. The end use product is compliant with REACH Optimization criteria.
* GreenScreen v1.2 Benchmark. The product's chemical ingredients are inventoried using the GreenScreen v1.2 Benchmark.
* Declare. The Declare product label must indicate that all ingredients have been disclosed down to 1000 ppm.
Option D is a credit that requires the project to use at least 20 different permanently installed products that have environmental product declarations. The products must be sourced from at least five different manufacturers. The environmental product declarations must conform to ISO 14025, 14040, 14044, and EN
15804 or ISO 21930 and have at least a cradle-to-gate scope2.
References:
* LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4
* Recycled content | U.S. Green Building Council
* CS-v4.1 MRc3: Sourcing of Raw Materials | LEEDuser
* How to choose the right materials for a LEED project? - GBCE
質問 # 45
Under Energy and Atmosphere Credit: Optimize Energy Performance, Option 1: Whole-Building Energy Simulation, how can the energy cost savings be accurately determined?
- A. Compare the proposed model with the baseline model within the Basis of Design (BOD) to determine the anticipated energy cost savings while applying any savings to government paybacks for on-site renewable energy systems after maximum compliance has been demonstrated
- B. Compare the proposed model with the baseline model to determine the anticipated energy cost savings while applying any savings from on-site renewable energy systems after minimum compliance has been demonstrated
- C. For the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) Credit: Optimize Energy Performance, Option 1, energy cost savings are determined by comparing the proposed model with a baseline model (B). This comparison calculates anticipated energy cost reductions. LEED requires that any on-site renewable energy systems are applied to the model after demonstrating compliance, further supporting sustainability goals. Using a baseline comparison method ensures a fair and standardized approach for energy performance assessments.
- D. Compare the current model with comparable models to determine the peak energy cost savings while applying any savings from on-site non-renewable energy systems after minimum compliance has been demonstrated
- E. Compare the current model with similar building baseline models to determine the anticipated peak energy cost usage while applying any savings from on-site renewable energy systems after the maximum compliance has been achieved
正解：C
質問 # 46
Large commercial buildings are most often dominated by
- A. internal loads
- B. external loads
- C. lighting loads
- D. envelope loads
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Large commercial buildings are most often dominated by internal loads, which are the heat gains or losses from people, equipment, lighting, and other sources inside the building. Internal loads can affect the heating and cooling loads and the energy consumption of the building. Therefore, reducing internal loads can improve the building's energy efficiency and performance. References:
* LEED AP BD+C V4 Reference Guide, Chapter 5: Energy and Atmosphere, page 5-51
* ENERGY STAR Building Upgrade Manual, Chapter 6: Lighting, page 6-22
* Michaels Energy, Shell vs. Load Dominated Buildings
質問 # 47
An owner has insisted on using a non-native or non-adapted plant species on both the vegetated roof and ground level. What Sustainable Sites credit will this decision impact the most?
- A. Heat Island Reduction
- B. Site Development-Protect or Restore Habita
- C. Light Pollution Reduction
- D. Site Assessment
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Using a non-native or non-adapted plant species on both the vegetated roof and ground level will impact the Sustainable Sites credit Site Development-Protect or Restore Habitat the most. This credit requires that at least
20% of the site area (excluding building footprint) or 5% of the site area (including building footprint) must be vegetated with native or adapted plants. Non-native or non-adapted plants do not qualify for this credit and may also have negative impacts on the local ecosystem and biodiversity. The other credits are not directly affected by the choice of plant species, although they may have other requirements related to vegetation, such as shading, reflectance, or lighting.References: LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Sustainable Sites Category, SSc Site Development-Protect or Restore Habitat, page 648.
質問 # 48
Which approach will contribute to maintaining compliance with Sustainable Sites Credit, Rainwater Management?
- A. Installing bioretention area
- B. Increase artificial turf on the roof
- C. Substituting impervious surface area with high-albedo paving materials
- D. Installing on-site renewable power generation facility
正解：A
解説：
Installing a bioretention area is an example of a low-impact development (LID) practice that can reduce runoff volume and improve water quality by replicating the natural hydrology and water balance of the site.
This approach will contribute to maintaining compliance with Sustainable Sites Credit, Rainwater Management, which requires designing the site to retain the runoff from the developed site for at least the
80th percentile of rainfall events1. References:
* Credit: Rainwater management | U.S. Green Building Council
* Achieving SSc Rainwater Management in LEED v4.1
質問 # 49
Which of the following sinks is classified as a private lavatory faucet under Water Efficiency Credit, Indoor Water Use Reduction?
- A. A sink in a shared office restroom
- B. A sink in an office restroom
- C. A sink in a hotel room bathroom
- D. A sink in a school classroom
正解：C
解説：
A sink in a hotel room bathroom is classified as a private lavatory faucet under Water Efficiency Credit, Indoor Water Use Reduction. According to the LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, a private lavatory faucet is defined as "a faucet that is not generally accessible and is used only by the building's occupants and not by the public or visitors" 1. A sink in an office restroom, a school classroom, or a shared office restroom are examples of public lavatory faucets, which have different baseline flow rates and requirements.References:
LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Water Efficiency Category, WEc Indoor Water Use Reduction, page 681.
質問 # 50
If a commercial building is considered to have 100 peak visitors in a day, what is the minimum number of short-term bicycle storage spaces that must be provided to earn one point under Location and Transportation Credit, Bicycle Facilities?
- A. Three
- B. Four
- C. Ten
- D. Five
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, the Location and Transportation Credit, Bicycle Facilities has two options: Option 1. Bicycle Network and Storage and Option 2. Reduced Parking Footprint. Option 1 requires the project to provide short-term bicycle storage for at least 2.5% of all peak visitors, and long-term bicycle storage for at least 5% of all regular building occupants. Short-term bicycle storage must be within 100 ft (30 m) walking distance of any main entrance, and long-term bicycle storage must be within 300 ft (90 m) walking or bicycling distance of any functional entry. Option 2 requires the project to provide short-term bicycle storage for at least 2.5% of all peak visitors, and long-term bicycle storage for at least 5% of all regular building occupants, and also reduce the total parking capacity by at least
20% from the base ratios.Both options can earn one point under this credit1.
If a commercial building is considered to have 100 peak visitors in a day, the minimum number of short-term bicycle storage spaces that must be provided to earn one point under Option 1 or Option 2 is 2.5% of 100, which is 2.5, rounded up to 3. However, the project must also provide long-term bicycle storage for at least 5% of all regular building occupants, which is not given in the question.Therefore, the correct answer is C, five, which is the minimum number of short-term bicycle storage spaces that must be provided to earn one point under Option 1 or Option 2, regardless of the number of regular building occupants.References: LEED v4:
Building Design + Construction Guide, Location and Transportation Credit, Bicycle Facilities, Requirements1
質問 # 51
In the calculations for Water Efficiency Credit, Outdoor Water Use Reduction, food gardens
- A. may be included or excluded from the calculations
- B. must be calculated using at least 20% from an alternative water source
- C. must be calculated using 100% potable water
- D. may be calculated using a standard 20% reduction from baseline
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Food gardens may be included or excluded from the calculations for Water Efficiency Credit, Outdoor Water Use Reduction, as per the project team's discretion. If included, food gardens must be calculated using 100% potable water. If excluded, food gardens must be irrigated with 100% captured rainwater, recycled graywater, or water treated and conveyed by a public agency specifically for nonpotable uses. References:
Outdoor Water Use Reduction credit in LEED BD+C: New Construction v4.1 - LEED v4.11 LEED v4 BD+C WE Guide2
質問 # 52
What aspects of each space should the LEED consultant consider to identify the regularly occupied spaces on a project to ensure that floor area values are utilized consistently across credits?
- A. Fire ratings of installed wall and ceiling assemblies
- B. Average number of occupants standing or seated
- C. Rate of outdoor air provided per person
- D. Typical duration of occupancy in each space per day
正解：B
解説：
Average number of occupants standing or seated
To identify the regularly occupied spaces on a project, the LEED consultant should consider the average number of occupants standing or seated in each space, as this is the criterion used by the LEED Reference Guide for Green Building Design and Construction, 20091. Regularly occupied spaces are defined as areas where workers are seated or standing as they work (or perform regular tasks) inside a building2. The typical duration of occupancy in each space per day is not necessarily relevant, as some spaces may be used intermittently but still qualify as regularly occupied2. The rate of outdoor air provided per person and the fire ratings of installed wall and ceiling assemblies are not related to the definition of regularly occupied spaces, but rather to other credits such as Indoor Environmental Quality or Fire and Life Safety.
質問 # 53
Which rating system is being used if all of the credits below have been submitted towards certification?
- Location and Transportation Credit, Reduced Parking Footprint
- Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Fundamental Refrigerant Management
- Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Acoustic Performance
- Materials and Resources Credit, Persistent, Bio accumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Source Reduction - Lead,Cadmium, and Copper
- A. Building Design and Construction: Hospitality
- B. Building Design and Construction: Data Centers
- C. Building Design and Construction: Schools
- D. Building Design and Construction: Healthcare
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The rating system that is being used if all of the credits below have been submitted towards certification is Building Design and Construction: Hospitality. This is because the Location and Transportation Credit, Reduced Parking Footprint and the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Acoustic Performance are only available for the Hospitality rating system among the four options. The other two credits are common for all the rating systems.References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.301; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.401; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.411; LEED v4:
Building Design + Construction Guide, p.421
質問 # 54
A facility manager cleaning highly reflective paving material is
- A. increasing the heat island effect
- B. unnecessarily wasting water
- C. lowering the Solar Reflectance Index (SRI)
- D. reducing the heat island effect
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The heat island effect is the phenomenon of urban areas having higher air temperatures than surrounding rural areas due to the absorption and emission of heat by human-made surfaces, such as buildings, roads, and pavements. The heat island effect can have negative impacts on theenvironment, human health, and energy consumption. One of the strategies to reduce the heat island effect is to use highly reflective paving materials that have a high solar reflectance index (SRI), which measures the ability of a surface to reflect solar radiation and stay cool. However, over time, the paving materials can accumulate dirt and dust, which can lower their reflectance and increase their heat absorption. Therefore, a facility manager cleaning highly reflective paving material is reducing the heat island effect by restoring the reflectance and cooling potential of the surface12.
References:
*Heat Island Reduction | U.S. Green Building Council1
*SpecTopics: Heat Island Reduction Credit and LEED V4/V4.1 - Carlisle SynTec
質問 # 55
Which views would qualify as a quality view for Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Quality Views?
- A. A, B, D
- B. A, B, C
- C. C, D, E
- D. B, C, D
正解：C
解説：
Quality views are defined in LEED as those which consist of multiple elements of nature, weather, or movement that allow for a connection beyond the interior space. Views that allow a clear line of sight to the exterior via vision glazing, with a view factor of 3 or greater, qualify for this credit. Fixed glazing in common spaces can also contribute to this credit.
質問 # 56
In the energy modeling of a building envelope, which of the following U-values should be considered as an assembly U-value?
- A. Concrete
- B. Glass
- C. Steel
- D. Wall
正解：D
解説：
The assembly U-value of a building envelope component is the overall rate of heat transfer through that component, taking into account the different materials and layers that make up the component. For example, the assembly U-value of a wall would include the effects of the insulation, framing, sheathing, cladding, air films, etc. The assembly U-value is different from the material U-value, which is the rate of heat transfer through a single material. For example, the material U-value of steel is much higher than the material U-value of glass, but the assembly U-value of a steel-framed window may be lower than the assembly U-value of a glass curtain wall, depending on the other factors involved.
References: = [LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide], Minimum Energy Performance Calculator
- ASHRAE 90.1 - 2010, A Quick and Easy Guide to U-Values - First In Architecture.
質問 # 57
A project elects to pursue Location and Transportation Credit, Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses, Option
2. Diverse Uses because of the project's location in an amenity-rich area. The project features 18 uses overall, including at least four uses in three of the five use type categories. What threshold must the project surpass in order to demonstrate exemplary performance for Option 2?
- A. 18 uses, including uses in at least four of the five use type categories
- B. Exemplary Performance is not available for Option 2
- C. 15 uses, including at least one Food Retail and one Community Anchor use
- D. 15 uses, including two uses in each of the five categories
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Exemplary Performance is not available for Option 2 of Location and Transportation Credit, Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses. According to the LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, this credit has two options:
Option 1. Surrounding Density (5 points) and Option 2. Diverse Uses (1 point).Exemplary Performance is only available for Option 1, and it requires achieving a surrounding density of at least 405,000 square feet per acre (100,000 square meters per hectare)1.Option 2 does not have any Exemplary Performance criteria, and it only requires locating the project within a 1/2-mile (800-meter) walking distance of at least seven diverse uses2.
References:
* Credit: Surrounding density and diverse uses | U.S. Green Building Council
* Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses - LEED v4
質問 # 58
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