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質問 100
A labor union has recently been created at a company that manufactures heavy industrial equipment. Before negotiations can begin, the company chooses freely to acknowledge the union as the primary bargaining union for employees. In the meantime, the labor union has upcoming union elections to consider. Due to the company's decision, which of the following types of union election bars would result?
- A. Blockingcharge
- B. Certificationyear
- C. Priorpetition
- D. Voluntaryrecognition
正解: D
解説:
Explanation: The employer's decision is voluntary, and thus a voluntaryrecognition election bar will result, preventing the labor union from conducting elections in the immediate future. A priorpetition bar results when the union withdraws an election request petition and then resubmits it. A certificationyear bar results when the NLRB has recently recognized and certified a representative for bargaining on behalf of the union. A blockingcharge bar occurs when an unfair labor practice charge remains pending.
質問 101
What is the established radius for which FMLA applies to employees working for private employers?
- A. 30 miles
- B. 50 miles
- C. 85 miles
- D. 75 miles
正解: D
解説:
Explanation: Accordingly to FMLA rules, the established radius for employees in private businesses (as opposed to state or federal agencies) is 75 miles. The radius of 30 or 50 miles is too small. The radius of 85 miles exceeds the FMLA standard.
質問 102
Louisa is in the process of interviewing the prospective employees for an open position in the accounting department of a small publishing company. She has already interviewed several strong candidates, but she is looking forward to interviewing one of the candidates whose resume has struck her as showing significant potential. When this employee enters the room, however, it is obvious that he has not fully conquered his preinterview nerves, and he stumbles through the first few questions. By the end of the interview, however, the candidate is doing well, responding articulately and living up to the potential indicated in his resume. Louisa, though, is unable to overcome her disappointment with the candidate's earlier nervousness and fails to see his improvement during the interview. Louisa is thus displayed by which of the following types of interview bias?
- A. Knowledgeofpredictor
- B. Stereotyping
- C. First impression
- D. Recency
- E. Nonverbal bias
正解: C
解説:
Explanation: Louisa's response to the candidate is influenced by her first impression of the candidate's behavior. A knowledgeofpredictor bias (answer choice A) means the interviewer responds to the candidate based on knowledge about the candidate's scores on evaluative tests that were given. A stereotyping bias (answer choice B) occurs when an interviewer bases a personal opinion about a candidate on a stereotype of the candidate rather than evaluating the candidate as objectively as possible. A recency bias (answer choice C) means the interviewer compares a candidate to the most recent candidate that was interviewed. A nonverbal bias occurs when the interviewer is overinfluenced by body language instead of by the candidate's responses.
質問 103
Which of the following types of analytical tools is used primarily for reviewing a series of random events to locate a potential pattern within them?
- A. Pareto chart
- B. Histogram
- C. Scatter chart
- D. Check sheet
正解: B
解説:
Explanation: A histogram is useful for reviewing a series of random events to locate a potential pattern within them. A check sheet is equivalent to a checklist of expected results; the human resources professional would then compare results to the check sheet and check off what has occurred. A pareto chart measures two types of data; the information can yield results about the most important factor among many factors. A scatter chart also measures two types of data on an xy graph.
質問 104
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that employee selection tools that adversely impact a protected class could still be legal if the employer can prove that the tool is predictive of success?
- A. Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc. (1977)
- B. Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993)
- C. Taxman v. Board of Education of Piscataway (1993)
- D. Washington v. Davis (1976)
正解: D
解説:
Explanation: In Washington v. Davis (1976), the Supreme Court ruled that employee selection tools predictive of success on the job are lawful even if they adversely impact a protected class. This case centered on two AfricanAmerican prospective police officers who claimed an aptitude test administered during the application process discriminated against them. However, the Supreme Court ruled that the aptitude test was a good predictor of success as a police officer, and was therefore lawful.
質問 105
Which piece of legislation declared that back pay awards cannot be a part of compensatory damages?
- A. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
- B. Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1974
- C. Civil Rights Act of 1991
- D. Civil Rights Act of 1964
正解: C
解説:
Explanation: The Civil Rights Act of 1991 declared that back pay awards cannot be a part of compensatory damages. This act also made it illegal for businesses to claim that discriminatory practices were somehow necessary to their operations. This act also directly prohibited all racial harassment, whereas earlier legislation had limited its scope to hiring practices.
質問 106
Which of the following end results represents a way that a human resources professional can measure how the HR department is bringing value to a company?
- A. An increased number of employee complaints indicating corporate problems
- B. The addition of new employees to the human resources department
- C. A reduced level of outsourcing from a company
- D. A reduced number of lawsuits against a company
- E. Increased expense within the human resources department
正解: D
解説:
Explanation: A reduced number of lawsuits against a company definitely indicates that the human resources department is bringing value to a company. Lawsuits often occur when serious policy mistakes are made. If policy mistakes are being reduced or eliminated, the company is moving in a positive direction. Answer choice B is incorrect because an increase in expenses within the human resources department indicates nothing more in the immediate sense than that the human resource department is spending more money. Whether or not that money is being put to good use is not explained sufficiently. Answer choice C makes no sense because an increase in employee complaints cannot indicate if any department - and definitely not the human resources department - is bringing value to the company. Similar to answer choice A, answer choice D does not show anything tangible in terms of value; an increase in employees within human resources only shows that more people are needed and not that better work is being done. And answer choice E has no real relevance to human resources. Outsourcing occurs for a variety of reasons that may or may not relate to the value that the human resources department brings to a company.
質問 107
What is the name for the tendency to assign more responsibility for negative behavior to personality or effort rather than to environment?
- A. recency bias
- B. nonverbal bias
- C. fundamental attribution error
- D. halo effect
正解: C
解説:
Explanation: The tendency to overemphasize the impact of personality on behavior is known as the fundamental attribution error. The fundamental attribution error creates problems for organizations when managers punish poor performers rather than try to resolve the issues that are responsible for the poor performance.
質問 108
Which of the following best describes an environmental scan that might occur during strategic planning?
- A. Analyzing indoor conditions to ensure overall employee health
- B. Collecting details that will help the company project a goal for growth and development
- C. Collaborating with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for improving the company's green standards
- D. Using research and development techniques to create an effective business plan
- E. Reviewing policy and procedures for any noncompliance with environmental regulations
正解: B
解説:
Explanation: An environmental scan has to do with the gathering of information that will help to project company growth and development. In other words, an environmental scan helps a company to review historical data to begin the process of preparing for expected or planned growth in the company. The environmental scan has nothing to do with environmental standards, federal or otherwise. This means that answer choices A, B, and E can be eliminated because all refer to outdoor or indoor environment, the EPA, and green standards. Answer choice D may be eliminated as well because the environmental scan does not relate to research and development techniques, nor is it specifically related to a business plan in the immediate sense.
質問 109
Which analytical tool indicates the changes that would produce the greatest improvement?
- A. stratification chart
- B. Ishikawa diagram
- C. Pareto chart
- D. histogram
正解: C
解説:
Explanation: A Pareto chart indicates the changes that will produce the greatest improvement. This chart looks like a combination of a bar graph and a line graph. The bars indicate the various causes of a particular problem, while the line indicates the improvement that would result from eliminating each of these causes. This chart is based on the Pareto principle, which is that 80% of the inefficiencies in a process can be removed by changing only 20% of the causes. In other words, a few causes have outsized influence on the process. A histogram, on the other hand, is used to identify patterns in seemingly random events. A stratification chart breaks a complex problem down into its constituent elements. An Ishikawa diagram, otherwise known as a causeandeffect diagram, illustrates all of the steps in a process, with the aim of identifying redundancies and inefficiencies.
質問 110
Which of the following is a consequence of the SarbanesOxley Act?
- A. Audit partners must alternate every two years.
- B. Companies are allowed to conduct their own stock appraisal.
- C. Employees may trade stock during pension fund blackout periods.
- D. CEOs may be punished for fraudulent financial reports.
正解: D
解説:
Explanation: One consequence of the SarbanesOxley Act is that CEOs may be punished for fraudulent financial reports. This act was passed in 2002 after several large corporations, most notably Enron, collapsed under the weight of unethical accounting and executive mismanagement. The intention of the SarbanesOxley Act was to make top officials culpable for dishonest and reckless accounting. The act explicitly forbade employees from trading stocks during pension fund blackout periods, and asserted that companies must have their stock appraised by a certified external organization. The act also declared that audit partner assignments must alternate every five years.
質問 111
Harold, the head of the human resources department for a large industrial machine manufacturing company, has discovered an issue that requires ERM, or Enterprise Risk Management. Upon review of important employee documentation, he has found out that that required forms are not being completed, placing the human resources department at the risk for noncompliance with federal guidelines. Using the guidelines of ERM, what should Harold consider doing to prevent further noncompliance?
- A. Contact the federal agency responsible for documentation and request a reprieve
- B. Create a series of checklists that will make certain all company documentation is complete and up to date
- C. Create a new department within the human resources department that keeps an eye on completing the documentation
- D. Establish quarterly reviews of the documentation to ensure that it is completed as required
- E. Terminate the employee responsible for failing to ensure correct documentation
正解: D
解説:
Explanation: According to the expectations of ERM, a human resources professional should apply reasonable techniques to correcting a problem. In Harold's case, the best option for addressing the problem of the incomplete documentation would simply be to establish a quarterly review of the paperwork to ensure that it is completed. As for the other answer choices, they each contain extreme responses that do not fit with the requirements of ERM. Terminating the responsible employee does not guarantee that the problem will be fully addressed. Creating a new department simply adds more paper work that can further complicate the process of completing the documentation. There is nothing within the process of ERM that suggests a human resources professional can request a reprieve from a federal agency; the rules are in place already and need to be observed. And while creating a series of checklists sounds good, it also sounds vague and has the potential to be as ineffective as the current system.
質問 112
In which business structure do partners exist mainly as investors, without much influence on daily operations?
- A. joint venture
- B. limited liability partnership
- C. general partnership
- D. sole proprietorship
正解: B
解説:
Explanation: In a limited liability partnership, partners exist mainly as investors, without much influence on daily operations. This arrangement, which is also known simply as a limited partnership, is typical of professional businesses, like legal or accounting firms. A sole proprietorship is initiated and operated by a single person. This person is entitled to all of the profits, but is liable for all business activities. In a general partnership, the business operates according to a preset agreement, and liability is shared by a group of partners. The joint venture is a form of general partnership created for a particular purpose or a restricted amount of time.
質問 113
The Youngblood Company is too small to have its own health insurance plan, so it joins several other businesses in a combined plan. This is known as a(n)
- A. health purchasing alliance.
- B. partially selffunded plan.
- C. third party administrator plan.
- D. administrative services only plan.
正解: A
解説:
Explanation: The Youngblood Company's arrangement is known as a health purchasing alliance. This gives smaller businesses more purchasing power and leverage in negotiations with health insurance providers. In an administrative services only plan, the employer creates a claim fund and then hires an insurance company to manage it. In a third party administrator plan, a business besides the employer or the insurance company handles claims. In a partially selffunded plan, employers only provide a certain amount of coverage. This type of plan ensures that a small business will not be ruined by a single large claim.
質問 114
Which of the following steps is not a part of the human resources professional's role in observing the guidelines of the Americans with Disabilities Act when an employee requests ADA accommodation?
- A. Meet with department supervisor to discuss employee accommodation
- B. Send full review of accommodation process to upperlevel management
- C. Set up and mediate meeting between supervisor and employee
- D. Request that the employee acquire medical certification of condition
- E. Provide for all employee accommodation requests to ensure continued employment
正解: E
解説:
Explanation: The human resources professional is not required to provide for all employee accommodation requests to ensure continued employment. Human resources professionals are expected to discuss possible employee accommodations with management and to recommend the implementation of certain requests, but there is no requirement to implement all requests. Answer choices A, B, C, and E are all steps in the human resources professional's role in observing the guidelines of ADA, so they are incorrect.
質問 115
Which of the following statements about performance appraisal is false?
- A. A behaviorally anchored rating system isolates each job's most important tasks.
- B. Ranking is a good method for appraising large groups of employees.
- C. Forced ranking systems assume that most employees are neither exceptionally good nor exceptionally bad.
- D. Focal review programs include all of the employees in an organization.
正解: B
解説:
Explanation: Ranking is not a good method for appraising large groups of employees. The ranking method simply entails placing jobs in order from most important to least. In a large organization, it will be difficult to make comparisons between jobs. Also, many job groups will be so different that comparisons will be worthless. The other answer choices are true statements. In a forced ranking system, the appraisers place all employees on a bell curve, and therefore the vast majority end up close to the middle.
質問 116
OSHA 300 represents which of the following:
- A. Injury and Illness Incident Report
- B. Employee Privacy Case List
- C. Summary of Workplace Problems
- D. Record of Employee Complaints and Referrals
- E. Log of WorkRelated Injuries and Illnesses
正解: E
解説:
Explanation: OSHA 300 is officially the Log of WorkRelated Injuries and Illnesses. Answer choice A is incorrect because it more closely reflects OSHA 300A, which is a separate log. Answer choice B is incorrect because the Injury and Illness Incident Report is officially OSHA 301. Answer choices D is incorrect because it reflects an element of OSHA 300 but does not encompass the correct title of the log. Answer choice E is incorrect because it refers to one of OSHA's inspection priorities but not to the Log of WorkRelated Injuries and Illnesses.
質問 117
The salesmen at Franklin Company earn bonuses of $500, $750, $1000, $1000, and $1500, respectively. What is the median bonus?
- A. $500
- B. $950
- C. $1000
- D. $4750
正解: C
解説:
Explanation: The median bonus for salesmen at Franklin Company is $1000. The median is that number which evenly divides a set of numbers. In this case, there are five bonuses, and when arranged in order, the value $1000 lies at position 3, in the middle. The mean of a set of numbers is the same as the average. It is calculated by adding the numbers and dividing the sum by the total number of values in the set. So, in this case, the calculation is performed (500 + 750 + 1000 + 1000 + 1500) / 5 = 950. The minimum value of a set is the lowest value, which is $500. Answer D represents the total, or sum, of the group of numbers.
質問 118
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