ISTQB CT-UT練習テストPDF試験材料
CT-UT解答CT-UT無料サンプルには全てリアル試験合格させます
質問 # 16
Which of the following is the highest WCAG conformance level, promising the most accessible content?
- A. Triple A (AAA)
- B. Quadruple A (AAAA)
- C. Single A (A)
- D. Double A (AA)
正解：A
解説：
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) define three levels of conformance for web content accessibility:
Level A (Single A) is the minimum level of compliance.
Level AA (Double A) is the standard recommended for most websites, balancing accessibility and design.
Level AAA (Triple A) is the highest and most comprehensive level of accessibility, covering the widest range of needs.
There is no such level as "Quadruple A (AAAA)," making option D invalid.
Thus, WCAG Triple A (AAA) promises the most accessible content, even though it may not always be practically achievable for all types of content.
References:
W3C: WCAG 2.1 Conformance Requirements
ISO/IEC 40500:2012 (WCAG 2.0)
W3C: How to Meet WCAG
#######################################################
質問 # 17
You're conducting a user survey and you have reached the third stage, selecting an appropriate questionnaire.
You have decided to use a standardized questionnaire as you want to benchmark against previous usability measurements.
Which of the following user questionnaires allow benchmarking against previous usability measurements?
i. SUS
ii. SUMI
iii. WAMMI
- A. i & ii are true, iii is false
- B. i is true, ii & iii are false
- C. i, ii and iii are true
- D. ii & iii are true, i is false
正解：C
解説：
SUS (System Usability Scale), SUMI (Software Usability Measurement Inventory), and WAMMI (Website Analysis and Measurement Inventory) are all validated, standardized usability questionnaires that support benchmarking. They allow comparison against known usability scores from a wide variety of systems. These instruments provide numeric scores that can be interpreted using benchmark datasets or industry standards.
Therefore, all three-i, ii, and iii-are true, making D the correct answer.
References:
Brooke, J. (1996). SUS - A Quick and Dirty Usability Scale
Kirakowski, J. (1994). SUMI Development
Here are the verified answers and detailed explanations for Questions 22 through 25, formatted in your specified structure:
#######################################################
質問 # 18
In a short conversation, a potential customer mentions that accessibility is of great importance to them. What does this mean?
- A. They focus on agile development
- B. They use prototyping in their development process
- C. They also seek to address users with limitations
- D. They focus on quantitative usability evaluations
正解：C
解説：
When a customer emphasizes the importance of accessibility, it means they are concerned with ensuring that users with disabilities or limitations are not excluded from using their products or services. Accessibility is about inclusiveness-providing equal access and opportunity to all users regardless of physical or cognitive ability. Option C directly reflects this understanding. The other options (A, B, and D) are aspects of usability or development methodologies but do not relate to addressing the needs of users with disabilities, which is the core focus of accessibility.
References:
W3C: Accessibility Fundamentals
ISO 9241-171 and 210 - Accessibility and Human-Centered Design
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) in Digital Accessibility Contexts
質問 # 19
You're redesigning the web shop of a customer and found out that they are using legacy web design techniques like HTML tables for design matters, making the website hard to be operated using alternative input and output devices (e.g. screen readers).
Which kind of risk is most likely to occur?
- A. User experience risk
- B. Usability risk
- C. Accessibility risk
- D. There's no risk predictable
正解：C
解説：
The use of HTML tables for layout instead of proper semantic HTML and responsive design violates accessibility guidelines, particularly those defined in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
Such a design makes it difficult or impossible for users relying on screen readers, keyboard navigation, or other assistive technologies to interact effectively with the site. Therefore, this creates a significant accessibility risk, which is distinct from general usability or user experience risks. Accessibility ensures inclusion of users with physical or cognitive impairments, making option B the correct choice.
References:
* W3C: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1
* ISO 9241-171:2008 - Software Accessibility
* Usability.gov: Accessibility Guidelines
#######################################################
質問 # 20
Which of these basic approaches to a software development project follows all key elements of human- centered evaluation?
- A. Interview users, develop the software, and perform acceptance test
- B. Define requirements, develop the software, and perform acceptance test
- C. Iteratively develop prototypes, perform expert reviews, and integrate found issues
- D. Interview users, iteratively develop prototypes, and evaluate the software
正解：D
解説：
Human-centered design, as defined by ISO 9241-210, emphasizes early user involvement, iterative design, and continuous usability evaluation. Option D aligns with this model as it begins with understanding user needs (interview users), proceeds through iterative prototyping (which allows for continuous improvement), and involves user evaluation. This ensures that the final product is shaped by real user input and feedback.
Options A and B lack iteration and continuous evaluation, while option C, although partially aligned, lacks explicit user involvement in the evaluation process, focusing only on expert reviews.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design
Nielsen Norman Group: Human-Centered Design Principles
Usability.gov: Human-Centered Design Process
#######################################################
質問 # 21
You are asked to evaluate the usability of a software application for a law firm. Due to time and budget constraints, it is not possible to include users in the evaluation process.
Which of the following is a valid approach for evaluating the usability in this case?
- A. Accessibility Evaluation
- B. User surveys
- C. Usability testing
- D. Usability Review
正解：D
解説：
When actual users cannot be included, a usability review (often an expert or heuristic evaluation) is the most practical method. Trained evaluators examine the interface against usability principles and standards to identify potential issues. Surveys require user input, and usability testing cannot proceed without users.
Accessibility evaluation targets inclusivity for users with impairments, which is related but not a substitute for overall usability evaluation. Therefore, option A is the only valid method under these constraints.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Heuristic Evaluation
Usability.gov: Expert Reviews and Inspections
ISO 9241-110 - Usability Principles
質問 # 22
Which of the following are advantages of using a usability lab?
i. The context is natural
ii. Test sessions are easy to observe
iii. Inexpensive setup
iv. Similar conditions for all sessions
v. Easy recording of sessions
- A. i, ii & v are true, iii & iv are false
- B. iii, iv & v are true, i & ii are false
- C. ii, iv & v are true, i & iii are false
- D. ii & iv are true, i, iii & v are false
正解：C
解説：
Usability labs provide a controlled environment that offers several advantages for observing and recording usability test sessions. Specifically, they allow for easy observation of participants (ii), standardized conditions for each session (iv), and facilitate audio and video recording for detailed analysis (v). However, the context is not natural (i), because the lab is an artificial setting rather than the user's actual environment.
Also, setting up a professional usability lab is not inexpensive (iii); it typically involves significant costs for equipment, space, and staffing. Therefore, options ii, iv, and v are true, while i and iii are false.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Usability Labs - Pros and Cons
ISO 25062:2006 - Usability Test Reporting
Usability.gov: Setting Up a Usability Lab
#######################################################
質問 # 23
In the last project, the usability tests substantially exceeded the budget of the test plan. Which quality control task could have been used to avoid this?
- A. Check consumed resources regularly and compare with the estimates
- B. Check that the usability test plan has been properly reviewed
- C. Check that findings are communicated to the stakeholders
- D. Check whether the usability test report conforms to the best practices
正解：A
解説：
To prevent usability testing from exceeding budget, active monitoring and control of project resources are critical. The best practice is to regularly check consumed time, costs, and effort against the original estimates, allowing timely adjustments to scope or resources. This is a classic quality control practice aligned with ISO
9001 principles and standard project management methodologies. Option A relates to test preparation, option C concerns reporting and communication, and option D applies after test execution. Only option B deals directly with budget control during the test.
References:
* ISO 9001:2015 - Quality Management Systems
* ISTQB: Usability Testing Guidelines
* Nielsen Norman Group: Budgeting for Usability Testing
#######################################################
質問 # 24
Which of the following statements about usability test plans is true?
- A. It should be very elaborate and at least 10 pages
- B. It contains a schedule
- C. It should contain the briefing instructions
- D. It contains the results of the test sessions
正解：B
解説：
A usability test plan is a foundational document created before conducting usability testing. It outlines the objectives, scope, methodology, participants, tasks, and schedule for the testing activities. One of its essential components is the schedule, which details when and how test sessions will occur to ensure proper resource allocation and time management. Including a schedule helps coordinate between test moderators, participants, observers, and stakeholders, making the testing process organized and efficient.
While briefing instructions (Option B) may be related to the usability test, they are typically documented separately or included in participant materials rather than the formal test plan itself. The test plan should be concise and focused; it need not be overly elaborate or lengthy (Option C), as clarity and usability of the plan are more important than length. The results of the test sessions (Option D) are not included in the test plan but rather compiled afterward in a test report or analysis document.
Therefore, the correct statement is that the usability test plan contains a schedule, ensuring a structured timeline for the usability testing activities.
References:
Usability.gov, Usability Testing Plan Template
Nielsen Norman Group, Usability Test Planning
ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Usability testing process
質問 # 25
Which of the following is a principal task of the usability test moderator role?
- A. Write a usability test plan
- B. Define testing tasks
- C. Log usability problems
- D. Create a survey plan
正解：B
解説：
The usability test moderator plays a crucial role during the execution phase of a usability test. Their principal task is to facilitate the test sessions by guiding participants through predefined testing tasks, observing behaviors, and ensuring that the test environment is neutral and free from bias. Defining testing tasks, however, is primarily done during the test design phase by the usability test designer or analyst, but the moderator ensures these tasks are clearly communicated and administered to participants during the session.
Logging usability problems (option B) is often done by observers or analysts reviewing session recordings or notes, not directly by the moderator during live testing. Creating a survey plan (option C) and writing the usability test plan (option D) are preparatory activities generally done before the test sessions and are not the moderator's main focus. Therefore, the principal role of the moderator centers on conducting the sessions and managing task delivery effectively to obtain authentic user interaction with the system under test.
References:
Usability.gov, Usability Testing Basics
Nielsen Norman Group, Moderating Usability Tests
ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Process for usability testing
質問 # 26
Which of the following is the correct distinction between formative and summative usability evaluation?
- A. Summative evaluations mostly rely on user tests, formative evaluations require experts
- B. Summative evaluations assess the outcome, formative evaluations focus on improvement
- C. Summative evaluations mostly rely on experts, formative evaluations require users
- D. Summative evaluations focus on improvement, formative evaluations assess the outcome
正解：B
解説：
Formative usability evaluation is conducted during the development process to identify usability problems and improve the product iteratively. It is diagnostic and improvement-focused. Summative evaluation, on the other hand, is done after development to assess the final product's usability, measuring how well it meets defined usability goals. Therefore, the correct distinction is that formative evaluation focuses on improvement, and summative evaluation assesses the outcome. This distinction aligns with widely accepted models such as those defined by ISO 9241-210 and usability.gov.
References:
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design for Interactive Systems
Usability.gov: Usability Evaluation Basics
Nielsen Norman Group: Formative vs Summative Usability Testing
#######################################################
質問 # 27
Your last 20-pages usability test report wasn't received well by the developers; only two of the 25 usability problems have been fixed. This time, you want to stick to the best practices in order to obtain better acceptance by the development team.
What are you going to do differently this time?
- A. Include contact details of the test participants so that the development team can contact them in case they have questions
- B. Include positive findings in the report, not only usability problems
- C. Make the report more detailed and longer
- D. Add the low-priority findings you didn't include in the first report
正解：B
解説：
Usability test reports are more effective when they are balanced and include not only problems but also what worked well. Including positive findings increases credibility, encourages the development team, and helps them understand what should remain unchanged. Option B violates privacy and ethical standards. Option C may dilute focus, and D could worsen the problem by making the report less accessible. Thus, the best practice supported by usability.gov and Nielsen Norman Group is to include both positive and negative findings.
References:
Usability.gov: Reporting Usability Findings
Nielsen Norman Group: Writing Usability Reports that Developers Will Read ISO 25062 - Usability Test Report Format
#######################################################
質問 # 28
As an expert for usability, you're in charge of the usability part of the development of a business application for a large customer. You have worked as a usability expert with the development team for two years and are operating well together; the developers value your feedback and give their bests implementing your suggestions. The product is in an early stage, so there's only a rudimentary prototype available.
Given this information, what is the best approach to verify the usability at the current stage?
- A. Usability review
- B. Usability maturity assessment
- C. Usability test in the lab
- D. Unmoderated usability test
正解：A
解説：
At an early development stage where only a rudimentary prototype exists, a usability review (e.g., expert or heuristic review) is the most effective method. It allows usability specialists to identify potential usability issues without the need for a fully functioning product. Reviews can provide immediate, actionable feedback to guide design improvements before moving into more resource-intensive usability testing. An unmoderated usability test (B) or lab test (D) may be impractical at this stage due to limited interactivity. A usability maturity assessment (C) evaluates organizational processes and is not applicable to evaluating a specific prototype.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: When to Use Heuristic Evaluation
ISO 9241-210:2019 - Human-Centered Design Processes
Usability.gov: Usability Evaluation Types
質問 # 29
What is good accessibility?
- A. Good usability of a software product on all devices (smart phone, computer, etc.)
- B. Good usability of a software product by people with limited knowledge of the software
- C. Good usability of a software product by people with limited vision, hearing, dexterity, cognition or physical mobility
- D. Good usability regardless of disturbances like bright sunlight, noise or wind
正解：C
解説：
Accessibility refers to designing products so that people with disabilities or limitations (permanent or temporary) can use them effectively. According to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and ISO standards, accessibility focuses on ensuring that users with vision, hearing, cognitive, or mobility impairments can access digital interfaces. Option D captures this intent accurately. The other options relate to general usability or responsiveness (e.g., device adaptability or user experience in noisy environments) but do not address the inclusive nature of accessibility as defined by official guidelines.
References:
WCAG 2.1 Guidelines - W3C
ISO 9241-171:2008 - Guidance on software accessibility
Usability.gov: Accessibility Basics
#######################################################
質問 # 30
You're asked to evaluate the direct interaction between ordinary users and the software product. Which kinds of evaluations would be suited for that?
- A. Accessibility evaluation
- B. Risk assessment
- C. Usability evaluation
- D. Usability maturity assessment
正解：C
解説：
A usability evaluation is specifically designed to assess how real users interact with a software product. It focuses on effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction in completing tasks. This may involve usability testing, expert reviews, or heuristic evaluations. The goal is to identify any usability problems and understand user behavior during real use.
Option A (Accessibility evaluation) targets inclusivity for users with disabilities, not general user interaction.
Option B (Usability maturity assessment) evaluates the organization's usability practices, and Option C (Risk assessment) evaluates potential project or system risks. Only option D directly involves observing and measuring user interaction.
References:
ISO 9241-11:2018 - Usability Definitions and Concepts
Usability.gov: Usability Evaluation Basics
Nielsen Norman Group: Types of Usability Evaluations
#######################################################
質問 # 31
What's the difference between an informal usability review and an expert usability review?
- A. No formal usability qualifications are required for an informal usability review
- B. An expert usability review is a formal review, not an informal review
- C. An informal review only requires one reviewer
- D. Contrary to an expert review, an informal usability review is based on opinion
正解：A
解説：
An informal usability review can be conducted by anyone, including stakeholders or developers, and does not require formal usability training or qualifications. It is typically subjective and based on general impressions.
In contrast, an expert usability review (also called heuristic evaluation) is conducted by a trained usability expert who applies recognized usability principles. This is what differentiates the two approaches most clearly. Options A and C are misleading; expert reviews can be informal in format, and informal reviews aren't necessarily based solely on opinion. Option D is incorrect since both informal and expert reviews can be conducted individually or in groups.
References:
Nielsen Norman Group: Heuristic Evaluation
ISO 9241-110:2020 - Interaction Principles
Usability.gov: Expert Review vs Informal Review
#######################################################
質問 # 32
......
CT-UT[2026年02月] 最新リリース] 試験問題あなたを必ず合格させます：https://jp.fast2test.com/CT-UT-premium-file.html
ISTQB CT-UT試験の基礎問題と解答：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1xwOXmz63nroiagQUEIpR0N9UydAs26AQ