HashiCorp TA-003-P問題集で100%カバー率リアル試験問題（更新された144問あります)
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質問 # 45
What type of block is used to construct a collection of nested configuration blocks?
- A. Nesting
- B. For_each
- C. repeated.
- D. Dynamic
正解：D
解説：
This is the type of block that is used to construct a collection of nested configuration blocks, by using a for_each argument to iterate over a collection value and generate a nested block for each element. For example, you can use a dynamic block to create multiple ingress rules for a security group resource.
質問 # 46
The_________determines how Terraform creates, updates, or delete resources.
- A. Terraform provisioner
- B. Terraform provider
- C. Terraform core
- D. Terraform configuration
正解：B
解説：
This is what determines how Terraform creates, updates, or deletes resources, as it is responsible for understanding API interactions with some service and exposing resources and data sources based on that API.
質問 # 47
Variables declared within a module are accessible outside of the module.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
Variables declared within a module are only accessible within that module, unless they are explicitly exposed as output values1.
質問 # 48
How can a ticket-based system slow down infrastructure provisioning and limit the ability to scale?
Choose two correct answers.
- A. Ticket based systems generate a full audit trail of the request and fulfillment process
- B. The more resources your organization needs, the more tickets your infrastructure team has to process
- C. End-users have to request infrastructure changes
- D. Users can access catalog of approved resources from drop down list in a request form
正解：C
解説：
These are some of the ways that a ticket-based system can slow down infrastructure provisioning and limit the ability to scale, as they introduce delays, bottlenecks, and manual interventions in the process of creating and modifying infrastructure.
質問 # 49
Terraform variable names are saved in the state file.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
Terraform variable names are not saved in the state file, only their values are. The state file only stores the attributes of the resources and data sources that are managed by Terraform, not the variables that are used to configure them.
質問 # 50
What does state looking accomplish?
- A. Copies the state file from memory to disk
- B. Blocks Terraform commands from modifying, the state file
- C. Encrypts any credentials stored within the state file
- D. Prevent accidental Prevent accident deletion of the state file
正解：B
解説：
This is what state locking accomplishes, by preventing other users from modifying the state file while a Terraform operation is in progress. This prevents conflicts and data loss.
質問 # 51
You are using a networking module in your Terraform configuration with the name label my-network.
In your main configuration you have the following code:
When you run terraform validate, you get the following error:
What must you do to successfully retrieve this value from your networking module?
- A. Define the attribute vmet_id as a variable in the networking modeule
- B. Change the reference value module.my,network,outputs,vnet_id
- C. Define the attribute vnet_id as an output in the networking module
- D. Change the reference value to my-network,outputs,vmet_id
正解：C
解説：
This is what you must do to successfully retrieve this value from your networking module, as it will expose the attribute as an output value that can be referenced by other modules or resources. The error message indicates that the networking module does not have an output value named vnet_id, which causes the reference to fail.
質問 # 52
You want to know from which paths Terraform is loading providers referenced in your Terraform configuration (* files). You need to enable additional logging messages to find this out.
Which of the following would achieve this?
- A. Set the environment variable TF_LOG_PATH
- B. Set verbose for each provider in your Terraform configuration
- C. Set the environment variable TF_log_TRACE
- D. Set the environment variable TF_LOG_TRACE
正解：D
解説：
This will enable additional logging messages to find out from which paths Terraform is loading providers referenced in your Terraform configuration files, as it will set the log level to TRACE, which is the most verbose and detailed level.
質問 # 53
You have provisioned some virtual machines (VMs) on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) using the gcloud command line tool. However, you are standardizing with Terraform and want to manage these VMs using Terraform instead.
What are the two things you must do to achieve this? Choose two correct answers.
- A. Run the terraform Import-gcp command
- B. Write Terraform configuration for the existing VMs
- C. Provision new VMs using Terraform with the same VM names
- D. Use the terraform import command for the existing VMs
正解：B、D
解説：
To import existing resources into Terraform, you need to do two things1:
Write a resource configuration block for each resource, matching the type and name used in your state file.
Run terraform import for each resource, specifying its address and ID. There is no such command as terraform Import-gcp, and provisioning new VMs with the same names will not import them into Terraform.
質問 # 54
Which of the following is not a benefit of adopting infrastructure as code?
- A. A Graphical User Interface
- B. Automation
- C. Versioning
- D. Reusability of code
正解：A
解説：
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) provides several benefits, including the ability to version control infrastructure, reuse code, and automate infrastructure management. However, IaC is typically associated with declarative configuration files and does not inherently provide a graphical user interface (GUI). A GUI is a feature that may be provided by specific tools or platforms built on top of IaC principles but is not a direct benefit of IaC itself1.
Reference = The benefits of IaC can be verified from the official HashiCorp documentation on "What is Infrastructure as Code with Terraform?" provided by HashiCorp Developer1.
質問 # 55
How do you specify a module's version when publishing it to the public terraform Module Registry?
- A. Configuration it in the module's Terraform code
- B. The Terraform Module Registry does not support versioning modules
- C. Mention it on the module's configuration page on the Terraform Module Registry
- D. Tag a release in the associated repo
正解：D
解説：
This is how you specify a module's version when publishing it to the public Terraform Module Registry, as it uses the tags from your version control system (such as GitHub or GitLab) to identify module versions.
You need to use semantic versioning for your tags, such as v1.0.0.
質問 # 56
Module version is required to reference a module on the Terraform Module Registry.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
Module version is optional to reference a module on the Terraform Module Registry. If you omit the version constraint, Terraform will automatically use the latest available version of the module
質問 # 57
What is the name of the default file where Terraform stores the state?
Type your answer in the field provided. The text field is not case-sensitive and all variations of the correct answer are accepted.
正解：
解説：
Terraform.tfstate
Explanation:
The name of the default file where Terraform stores the state is terraform.tfstate. This file contains a JSON representation of the current state of the infrastructure managed by Terraform. Terraform uses this file to track the metadata and attributes of the resources, and to plan and apply changes. By default, Terraform stores the state file locally in the same directory as the configuration files, but it can also be configured to store the state remotely in a backend. Reference = [Terraform State], [State File Format]
質問 # 58
Which option cannot be used to keep secrets out of Terraform configuration files?
- A. secure string
- B. Environment variables
- C. A -var flag
- D. A Terraform provider
正解：A
解説：
A secure string is not a valid option to keep secrets out of Terraform configuration files. A secure string is a feature of AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store that allows you to store sensitive data encrypted with a KMS key. However, Terraform does not support secure strings natively and requires a custom data source to retrieve them. The other options are valid ways to keep secrets out of Terraform configuration files. A Terraform provider can expose secrets as data sources that can be referenced in the configuration. Environment variables can be used to set values for input variables that contain secrets. A
-var flag can be used to pass values for input variables that contain secrets from the command line or a file. Reference = [AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store], [Terraform AWS Provider Issue #55],
[Terraform Providers], [Terraform Input Variables]
質問 # 59
How does the Terraform cloud integration differ from other state backends such as S3, Consul,etc?
- A. All of the above
- B. It can execute Terraform runs on dedicated infrastructure in Terraform Cloud
- C. It doesn't show the output of a terraform apply locally
- D. It is only arable lo paying customers
正解：B
解説：
This is how the Terraform Cloud integration differs from other state backends such as S3, Consul, etc., as it allows you to perform remote operations on Terraform Cloud's servers instead of your local machine. The other options are either incorrect or irrelevant.
質問 # 60
Where does the Terraform local backend store its state?
- A. In the terraform,tfstate file
- B. In the /tmp directory
- C. In the terraform file
- D. In the user's terraform,state file
正解：A
解説：
This is where the Terraform local backend stores its state, by default, unless you specify a different file name or location in your configuration. The local backend is the simplest backend type that stores the state file on your local disk.
質問 # 61
If a DevOps team adopts AWS CloudFormation as their standardized method for provisioning public cloud resoruces, which of the following scenarios poses a challenge for this team?
- A. The team is asked to manage a new application stack built on AWS-native services
- B. The DevOps team is tasked with automating a manual, web console-based provisioning.
- C. The team is asked to build a reusable code based that can deploy resources into any AWS region
- D. The organization decides to expand into Azure wishes to deploy new infrastructure
正解：D
解説：
This is the scenario that poses a challenge for this team, if they adopt AWS CloudFormation as their standardized method for provisioning public cloud resources, as CloudFormation only supports AWS services and resources, and cannot be used to provision infrastructure on other cloud platforms such as Azure.
質問 # 62
What are some benefits of using Sentinel with Terraform Cloud/Terra form Cloud? Choose three correct answers.
- A. Sentinel Policies can be written in HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL)
- B. Policy-as-code can enforce security best practices
- C. You can enforce a list of approved AWS AMIs
- D. You can check out and check in cloud access keys
- E. You can restrict specific resource configurations, such as disallowing the use of CIDR=0.0.0.0/0.
正解：B、C、E
解説：
These are some of the benefits of using Sentinel with Terraform Cloud/Terraform Enterprise, as they allow you to implement logic-based policies that can access and evaluate the Terraform plan, state, and configuration. The other options are not true, as Sentinel does not manage cloud access keys, and Sentinel policies are written in Sentinel language, not HCL.
質問 # 63
You have multiple team members collaborating on infrastructure as code (IaC) using Terraform, and want to apply formatting standards for readability.
How can you format Terraform HCL (HashiCorp Configuration Language) code according to standard Terraform style convention?
- A. Run the terraform fmt command during the code linting phase of your CI/CD process Most Voted
- B. Write a shell script to transform Terraform files using tools such as AWK, Python, and sed
- C. Designate one person in each team to review and format everyone's code
- D. Manually apply two spaces indentation and align equal sign "=" characters in every Terraform file (*.tf)
正解：A
解説：
The terraform fmt command is used to rewrite Terraform configuration files to a canonical format and style. This command applies a subset of the Terraform language style conventions, along with other minor adjustments for readability. Running this command on your configuration files before committing them to source control can help ensure consistency of style between different Terraform codebases, and can also make diffs easier to read. You can also use the -check and -diff options to check if the files are formatted and display the formatting changes respectively2. Running the terraform fmt command during the code linting phase of your CI/CD process can help automate this process and enforce the formatting standards for your team. Reference = [Command: fmt]2
質問 # 64
You can configure Terraform to log to a file using the TF_LOG environment variable.
- A. False
- B. True
正解：B
解説：
You can configure Terraform to log to a file using the TF_LOG environment variable. This variable can be set to one of the log levels: TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN or ERROR. You can also use the TF_LOG_PATH environment variable to specify a custom log file location. Reference = : Debugging Terraform
質問 # 65
A module can always refer to all variables declared in its parent module.
- A. True
- B. False
正解：B
解説：
A module cannot always refer to all variables declared in its parent module, as it needs to explicitly declare input variables and assign values to them from the parent module's arguments. A module cannot access the parent module's variables directly, unless they are passed as input arguments.
質問 # 66
What does Terraform use the .terraform.lock.hc1 file for?
- A. There is no such file
- B. Storing references to workspaces which are locked
- C. Preventing Terraform runs from occurring
- D. Tracking specific provider dependencies
正解：D
解説：
The .terraform.lock.hcl file is a new feature in Terraform 0.14 that records the exact versions of each provider used in your configuration. This helps ensure consistent and reproducible behavior across different machines and runs.
質問 # 67
You have deployed a new webapp with a public IP address on a cloud provider. However, you did not create any outputs for your code.
What is the best method to quickly find the IP address of the resource you deployed?
- A. In a new folder, use the terraform_remote_state data source to load in the state file, then write an output for each resource that you find the state file
- B. Run terraform output ip_address to view the result
- C. Run terraform state list to find the name of the resource, then terraform state show to find the attributes including public IP address
- D. Run terraform destroy then terraform apply and look for the IP address in stdout
正解：C
解説：
This is a quick way to inspect the state file and find the information you need without modifying anything5. The other options are either incorrect or inefficient.
質問 # 68
Any user can publish modules to the public Terraform Module Registry.
- A. False
- B. True
正解：B
解説：
The Terraform Registry allows any user to publish and share modules. Published modules support versioning, automatically generate documentation, allow browsing version histories, show examples and READMEs, and more. Public modules are managed via Git and GitHub, and publishing a module takes only a few minutes. Once a module is published, releasing a new version of a module is as simple as pushing a properly formed Git tag1.
Reference = The information can be verified from the Terraform Registry documentation on Publishing Modules provided by HashiCorp Developer1.
質問 # 69
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