CPRE-FL_Syll_3.0事前に試験練習テストで使おう（最新178問題)
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ISQI CPRE-FL_SILL_3.0（要件エンジニアリングのIREB認定専門家。Foundationレベル）試験は、要件エンジニアリングの分野の専門家の国際的に認められた認定です。この試験は、ソフトウェア要件の開発に関与している個人の知識とスキルをテストするように設計されています。この認定は、国際要件エンジニアリング委員会（IREB）によって提供され、世界中の組織によって認められています。
質問 # 30
Which type of prototype is employed to establish a common understanding, refine requirements, or verify their validity?
- A. Evolutionary prototype
- B. Shared-understanding prototype
- C. Experimental prototype
- D. Exploratory prototype
正解：D
質問 # 31
You model invoices and invoice items with a UML class diagram. Explanation: The total amount of an invoice is calculated by summing up all individual invoice items. This means that an invoice showing 5 article prices contains 5 invoice items. What model element most accurately describes the relationship between invoice and invoice items? (1 Point)
- A. Composition
- B. Aggregation
- C. Generalisation
- D. Association
正解：A
質問 # 32
Evaluate the following guidelines as to whether they should or should not be adhered to when writing a requirements specification: (2 Points)
正解：
解説：
B, C, F, G, J, K, M, P
質問 # 33
Requirements documentation can either be natural language or model-based. Which two statements are most applicable? (2 Points)
- A. When deciding between model-based and natural language documentation, model-based is preferable.
- B. If documentation is model-based, natural language documentation can be dispensed with.
- C. As models are more formal, they offer a higher degree of uniqueness compared to natural language.
- D. In requirements engineering models are more suitable than textual descriptions to reduce the complexity of the entity being considered.
正解：B、C
質問 # 34
Which of the following perspectives is the most important when selecting a tool to support the RE process?
- A. User perspective
- B. All the other options are wrong
- C. Project perspective
- D. Process perspective
正解：B
質問 # 35
A participatory RE process is commonly used in agile environments and is iterative. Besides being iterative, this process should also be:
- A. Explorative and customer-specific
- B. Prescriptive and market-oriented
- C. Explorative and market-oriented
- D. Prescriptive and customer-specific
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
CPRE describes typical facet combinations. Participatory RE involves close collaboration between customer stakeholders and the development team, as seen in agile projects. It is inherently iterative-requirements emerge and evolve through sprints-and explorative, because understanding deepens over time. It is also customer-specific: the system is built primarily for one customer organization. Prescriptive processes, in contrast, aim at fixed upfront specifications and are more aligned with contractual or market-oriented product development. Hence, the correct facet combination for participatory RE is explorative, iterative and customer- specific (option A).
質問 # 36
Which of the following are principles of Requirements Engineering? (Select 2 answers.)
- A. Systems should be isolated from proper understanding.
- B. Requirements should be viewed as means to an end, not the end in itself.
- C. Changing requirements are the exception, not the normal case.
- D. Requirements Engineering is about satisfying only users' needs.
- E. Non-validated requirements are worthless.
正解：B、E
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
IREB defines a set of RE principles. Principle 1 states that requirements are a means to an end (such as reduced risk and successful systems), not an end in themselves; they support achieving project and business goals. Principle 6 states that non-validated requirements are worthless because unvalidated statements may be incorrect, incomplete, inconsistent or misaligned with stakeholder needs. Requirements normally change over time; change is expected, not exceptional. Systems cannot be understood in isolation from their environment, and RE must consider all relevant stakeholders, not only users. Hence options A and D reflect official principles; the others contradict them.
質問 # 37
Which of the following are NOT considered a RE work product?
- A. A specification.
- B. A test report of a system.
- C. A prototype.
- D. A requirement.
- E. A stakeholder.
正解：B、E
質問 # 38
In regard to stakeholder requirements, which of the following sentences is true?
- A. They set what the users desire from their perspective.
- B. They set required domain properties.
- C. They set business goals and objectives of an organization.
- D. They set what the system shall do.
正解：A
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
The CPRE materials distinguish several abstraction levels: business, stakeholder (including user), system and domain requirements. Business requirements express organizational goals. Stakeholder requirements describe what stakeholders, including users, want from their point of view, often in their language and context. User requirements are a subset of stakeholder requirements. System requirements refine these into what the system must do or how it must behave, while domain requirements describe properties and rules of the domain itself.
Therefore the statement that stakeholder requirements set what users desire from their perspective is the best fit among the options.
質問 # 39
In order to document a door system for a underground railway system, the following activity diagram has been modelled. You reconcile this diagram with your notes. Which two of the following notes were not represented in the diagram? (1 Point) Your notes:
- A. The tread is pulled in once the door is closed.
- B. If the door is open, it is subsequently closed.
- C. The light-emitting diode is deactivated at the end of the process.
- D. If the door is closed, it is subsequently opened.
- E. Double pressing of the door button countermands the currently running action.
正解：C、E
質問 # 40
Which of the following sentences is true?
- A. All the other options are wrong.
- B. Modeling the existing original is called prescriptive modeling.
- C. Modeling an original to be created is called descriptive modeling.
- D. A model is used to increase information in relation to the reality, allowing for a deeper understanding.
正解：A
質問 # 41
Which of the following best fits the phrase template of a user story?
- A. The system shall support data exchange with external databases via a RESTful API.
- B. The system shall process up to 1,000 transactions per minute without performance degradation.
- C. As a user, I want to reset my password so that I can regain access to my account if I forget it.
- D. As a system, I shall respond to user inputs within 2 seconds.
正解：C
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
User stories in agile follow the canonical template: "As a <role>, I want <capability> so that <benefit>".
Option A matches this exactly: role ("user"), capability ("reset my password") and benefit ("regain access if I forget it"). Options B and C are classic system requirements expressed with "shall", not user stories. Option D misuses the template by treating "system" as the role and mixing story language with "shall", which is reserved for formal system requirements. Hence A is the correct user-story example.
質問 # 42
The implementation of traceability offers many benefits for RE. Which of the following benefits would be the LEAST applicable?
- A. It helps to produce verifiable requirements.
- B. It helps to produce unambiguous requirements.
- C. It helps to analyze the impacts of change in requirements.
- D. It helps when trying to find where a requirement came from.
正解：A、B
質問 # 43
Which sentence best characterises the term "stakeholder"? (1 Point)
- A. A stakeholder is responsible for the administration of the software development environment.
- B. Stakeholders are persons and organisations affected by the development and the use of the system or of the product.
- C. Stakeholders are special interest representatives who are responsible for the approval of the first project phase.
- D. The external actors interacting with a system and the technical interfaces to surrounding systems are designated as stakeholders.
正解：B
質問 # 44
All of the following are considered to be principles of Requirements Engineering, EXCEPT:
- A. It is impossible to successfully develop a system without a common basis of understanding.
- B. Requirements should be viewed as the end in itself, not as a means to an end.
- C. Systems cannot be understood under an isolated point of view.
- D. Requirements Engineering is about satisfying the stakeholders' needs.
正解：B
質問 # 45
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ISQI CPRE-FL_Syll_3.0（IREB認定要件エンジニアリング専門家。ファウンデーションレベル）認定試験は、要件エンジニアリングの知識とスキルを検証したいプロフェッショナルにとって優れた機会です。これは、個人のキャリアを進め、組織のソフトウェア開発プロセスを改善することができる、グローバルに認知された認定資格です。
CPRE-FL_Syll_3.0 試験は、要件エンジニアリングのすべての側面、要求の収集、分析、文書化、管理、検証をカバーする包括的なテストです。専門家には、ビジネスニーズを特定し分析し、要件を開発し、それらが満たされることを確認するために必要なスキルが備わっています。試験では、要件エンジニアリングのベストプラクティスもカバーされており、プロセスを改善するためのツールや技術の使用方法も含まれています。
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