[2025年05月13日] 更新されたCTFL-Foundation試験PDF問題集にはFast2test合格保証付き
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質問 # 35
Which of the following tasks belong to "Test planning"?
I. Scheduling test analysis and design activities
II. Assigning resources to the different activities
III. Selecting metrics for monitoring
IV. Setting up the test environment
V. Acquiring and preparing test data
- A. I, II, III, IV
- B. III, IV, V
- C. I, II
- D. I, II, III.
正解：A
質問 # 36
A web application for calculation of mortgage loan has 3 input fields:
1. Civil status: Married / Not married
2. Equity: 0 - 100,000 EUR, 100,001 - 500,000 EUR, more than 500,000 EUR
3. Requested amount of the loan: 0 - 100,000 EUR, 100,001 - 500,000 EUR, 500,001 - 800,000 EUR In addition, 2 different loan types can be chosen.
The application has to be tested for 2 web browsers.
How many test cases are necessary to cover all possible combinations in equivalence class testing?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：B
質問 # 37
Which of the following is an example of testing as part of the requirements specification phase? 1 credit
- A. A test report showing requirements coverage
- B. Performing acceptance tests against requirements
- C. A business analyst eliciting requirements
- D. A requirements review meeting
正解：D
質問 # 38
Which of the following statements contains a valuable objective for a test team?
- A. Prove that all faults have been identified through thorough testing.
- B. Prove that the remaining defects will not cause any additional failures.
- C. Cause as many failures as possible so that faults can be identified and corrected
- D. Run all of the tests that are defined for the test object as quickly as possible.
正解：C
質問 # 39
The following Test Cases have been created for a simple web-based airline booking system.
Test Case 1: Search for an item Available Flights
Test Case 2: View selected item in My Flights
Test Case 3: Login to the system: Login is accepted
Test Case 4: Select an available flight: item added to My Flights
Test Case 5: Print confirmation receipt, then exit
Test Case 6: In My Flights, confirm details and book flight
Which of the following is the correct logical order for the test cases?
- A. 3, 1, 4, 2, 6, 5
- B. 3, 4, 1, 2, 5, 6
- C. 6, 3, 1, 4, 2, 5
- D. 3, 2, 1, 4, 6, 5
正解：B
質問 # 40 
The decision table above shows a company's fuel expenses structure.
Which of the following Test Cases based on the decision table are Valid?
Test Case 1:
An employee who is not a car or motorcycle driver attempts to claim fuel expenses. Expected result:
Expense claim not allowed.
Test Case 2:
An employee who drives a 1700cc diesel car attempts to claim fuel expenses. Expected result: Expense claim accepted at band C.
Test Case 3:
An employee who rides a motorcycle attempts to claim fuel expenses. Expected result: Expense claim accepted at band A.
- A. Test Cases 2 and 3 are Valid. Test Case 1 is Invalid.
- B. Test Cases 1, 2 and 3 are all Valid.
- C. Test Cases 1 and 3 are Valid. Test Case 2 is Invalid.
- D. Test Case 2 is Valid. Test Cases 1 and 3 are Invalid.
正解：C
解説：
Section: (none)
質問 # 41
A software system checks age in order to determine which welcome screen to display. Age groups are:
Group I: 0-12
Group II: 13-18
Group III: over 18
Which of the below represent boundary values?
- A. (-1,0,12,13,18,19)
- B. (-1,0,11,12,13,14,18,19)
- C. (4,5,15,20)
- D. (0,12,13,18,19)
正解：B
質問 # 42
Which of the following characteristics of good testing apply to any software development life cycle model?
- A. Testers are involved as soon as the first piece of code can be executed.
- B. Acceptance testing is always the final test level to be applied.
- C. All test levels are planned and completed for each developed feature.
- D. For every development activity there is a corresponding testing activity.
正解：D
解説：
The characteristics of good testing practices that apply to any software development life cycle model include the principle that for every development activity, there is a corresponding testing activity. This ensures that testing is integrated into every stage of the software development process, from requirements gathering to maintenance. According to the ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, version 4.0, this alignment ensures that:
* Testing activities are planned alongside development activities.
* Testing begins early in the development process to identify and mitigate defects as soon as possible.
* Testing is not an afterthought but a continuous process that supports quality throughout the lifecycle.
This principle helps in identifying defects early, reducing the cost and effort required to fix them later in the development cycle, and ensures comprehensive coverage of both functional and non-functional requirements.
質問 # 43
In a system designed to work out the employee tax to be paid:
_ An employee has $4,000 of salary tax free.
_ The next $1,500 is taxed at 10%.
_ The next $28,000 after that is taxed at 22%.
_ Any further amount is taxed at 40%.
Which of these is a valid Boundary Value Analysis test case?
- A. $33,501
- B. $5,000
- C. $28,000
- D. $1,500
正解：B
解説：
Boundary Value Analysis (BVA) involves testing at the boundaries between partitions. For the given tax calculation system, the boundaries include $4,000 (tax-free), $5,500 (next bracket start), and $33,500 (higher bracket start). Testing with $5,000 is valid because it is a boundary value between the tax-free and the 10% tax bracket.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, version 4.0, explains Boundary Value Analysis and its application in testing at partition boundaries.
質問 # 44
Consider the typical objectives of testing.
Which of the following metrics can be used to measure the effectiveness of the testing process in achieving one of those objectives? 1 credit
- A. Percentage of requirements covered
- B. Percentage of test effort spent on regression testing
- C. Lines of code written per developer per day
- D. Average number of days between defect discovery and resolution
正解：A
質問 # 45
Which of the following statements about Experience Based Techniques (EBT) is correct?
- A. EBT is done as a second stage of testing, after non-experienced-based testing took place.
- B. EBT require broad and deep knowledge in testing but not necessarily in the application or technological domain.
- C. EBT use tests derived from the test engineers' previous experience with similar technologies.
- D. EBT is based on the ability of the test engineer to implement various testing techniques.
正解：C
質問 # 46
What content would be in an incident report if that incident report was based on the IEEE
829 Standard for SoftwareTest Documentation?
(i)Identification of configuration items of the software or system.
(ii)Software or system lifecycle process in which the incident was observed.
(iii)Description of the anomaly to enable reproduction of the incident.
(iv)Number of occurrences of the incident.
(v)Classification of the cause of the incident for metrics and for reporting purposes.
Number of correct answers: 1
- A. i, ii, iii, v
- B. i, iii, iv
- C. i, ii, iii
- D. ii, iii
正解：C
質問 # 47
Which TWO of the review types below are the BEST fitted (most adequate) options to choose for reviewing safety critical components in a software project? Select 2 options.
- A. Management review.
- B. Technical Review
- C. Inspection.
- D. Informal review.
- E. Walkthrough
正解：B、C
解説：
For reviewing safety-critical components in a software project, the most adequate review types are Inspections and Technical Reviews. Inspections are a formal review technique with a well-defined process that includes thorough preparation, examination, and documentation, making them suitable for critical components.
Technical Reviews involve a detailed examination of the technical aspects of the software and are conducted by experts, which ensures that any potential issues are identified and addressed early.
Reference: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0 - Section 3.2, Review Types
質問 # 48
Which of the following statements is true?
- A. 100% branch coverage means 100% statement coverage.
- B. It is impossible to achieve 100% statement coverage.
- C. 100% statement coverage means 100% branch coverage.
- D. 100% branch coverage means 100% statement coverage and vice-versa.
正解：A
解説：
Section: (none)
Explanation/Reference:
Reference https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/35069/istqb-question-statement-and-decision- coverage
質問 # 49
Which of the following principles should be followed when introducing a test tool into an organization?
(i) Assessing organizational maturity to establish whether a tool will provide expected benefits.
(ii) Requiring a quick payback on the initial investment.
(iii) Including a requirement for the tool to be easy to use without having to train unskilled testers.
(iv) Identifying and agreeing requirements before evaluating test tools.
- A. (iii) and (iv)
- B. (ii) and (iii)
- C. (i) and (iv)
- D. (i) and (ii)
正解：C
解説：
Assessing organizational maturity (i) is very important when deciding whether to introduce a test tool, as implementing a tool in an immature test organization with poor processes is unlikely to produce any benefits.
A quick return on the initial investment (ii) in a test tool is rare.
Having a requirement that a tool should be easy to use for untrained and unskilled testers (iii) is generally a false hope. This is comparable with expecting someone who has never driven a car to be able to drive safely and effectively.
Agreeing requirements before evaluating tools (iv) is essential. Not to do so would be comparable with building and testing a system without requirements.
In conclusion, (i) and (iv) are good principles to follow when introducing a tool and (ii) and (iii) are not.
質問 # 50
What is the purpose of test completion criteria in a test plan:
- A. To set the criteria used in generating test inputs
- B. To know when test planning is complete
- C. To ensure that the test case specification is complete
- D. To plan when to stop testing
- E. To know when a specific test has finished its execution
正解：D
解説：
The purpose of test completion criteria in a test plan is to define when to stop testing. These criteria are used to determine if sufficient testing has been conducted to meet the test objectives and to decide whether the product is ready for release. They typically include coverage goals, risk levels, defect rates, and other quality indicators. According to the ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, defining test completion criteria helps ensure that testing is both thorough and efficient, avoiding unnecessary testing while ensuring the product meets quality standards.
質問 # 51
What would be a test approach regarding the test design techniques to be applied that would fit an item with the highest risk? 2 credits
- A. Component testing: decision testing; System testing: decision table testing
- B. Component testing: statement testing; System testing: decision table partitioning
- C. Component testing: decision testing; System testing: exploratory testing
- D. Component testing: statement testing; System testing: equivalence partitioning
正解：A
質問 # 52
Since the system is in the medical domain and therefore in the safety critical area, testing needs to be rigorous and evidence is required that the system has been adequately tested.
Identify THREE measures that would typically be part of the test approach in this domain and which are not always applicable in other domains! 1 credit
- A. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) sessions
- B. Master test planning
- C. Reviews
- D. Test design techniques
- E. Non-functional testing
- F. Traceability to requirements
- G. High level of documentation
正解：A、F、G
質問 # 53
Your company is developing a system with complex business rules and many branches in the structure of its code components. You need to choose one black box technique and one white box technique for test case design.
Which one of the following offers the BEST choice?
- A. Decision testing and decision table testing
- B. Decision testing and equivalence partitioning
- C. Boundary value analysis and decision table testing
- D. Statement testing and exploratory testing
正解：C
解説：
Section: (none)
質問 # 54
Which of the following are most likely to be used when developing a test strategy or test approach?
(i) Failure-based approach
(ii)Test specification approach
(iii) Model-based approach
(iv)Finance-based approach
- A. (iii) and (ii)
- B. (i) and (iv)
- C. (i) and (iii)
- D. (ii) and (i)
正解：D
質問 # 55
Which of the following statements correctly emphasize the viewpoint of a developer and a tester with respect to the testing psychology?
I. If a developer implements a fundamental design error (e.g. conceptual misunderstanding), it is HIGHLY probable that he/she will not find is using own tests.
II. The tester can observe the object to be tested without prejudices. It is not his/her own product and the assumptions and misunderstandings of the developer are not, in general, the same as those of the tester.
III. An independent tester must acquire knowledge about the object to be tested in order to create test cases; the developer has good knowledge of the object to be tested and this saves time: hence, it is advisable to assign the test activities to the developer IV. The weakness of the tests done by the developer is that developers tend to be optimistic about their own software. The risk is that reasonable test cases are forgotten because the developer is more interested in development than testing.
- A. I, II, IV
- B. III, IV
- C. I, II, III
- D. I, II
正解：B
解説：
Section: (none)
質問 # 56
Which of the following would you expect to see in the master test plan? 1 credit
- A. A detailed identification of the resources that will carry out structural testing in the first iteration.
- B. A list of the names of the testers who will carry out the performance testing for the final iteration.
- C. A description of how the test cases are cross-referenced to requirements in the test management tool.
- D. The test approach that will be applied at system integration testing.
正解：D
解説：
Topic 5, Scenario 5, V2 "Human Resource System"
For the first increment of the new enterprise HR product you have performed a product risk analysis using the FMEA method. Five risk items have been identified and the likelihood and impact have been scored using scoring tables. This has resulted in the following scores:
質問 # 57
A system requirement states that up to 100 users should be able to carry out a transaction, with responses returned within 5 seconds.
What type of non-functional testing would you carry out to verify these requirements?
- A. Stress testing
- B. Maintenance testing
- C. Load testing
- D. Usability testing
正解：C
解説：
Load testing is a type of non-functional testing used to verify that the system can handle a specified load of users performing transactions within acceptable performance parameters. In this case, load testing would ensure that up to 100 users can carry out transactions simultaneously with response times within 5 seconds.
This testing helps identify performance bottlenecks and ensure that the system meets the performance requirements under expected user load conditions.
質問 # 58
Debugging and Testing are key activities in the software development lifecycle.
Which of the following are 'Debugging' activities?
a) Identifying, a failure
b) Locating the cause of failure
c) Fixing the defect
d) Checking the fix has resolved the failure
- A. a & b
- B. b & c
- C. a & d
- D. c & d
正解：C
質問 # 59
Which aspect in the test estimate is the main risk in this project? 1 credit
- A. Availability of end-users
- B. The costs of hardware and tools
- C. Unknown input quality due to third party development
- D. Quality of the specification
正解：C
解説：
Topic 13, Scenario 8, V1 "Test Process Improvement"
You have been asked to investigate various test process Improvement models to be introduced for the next project. You have been asked to provide a comparison between the TMMi and TPI models and provide a recommendation.
質問 # 60
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