[2024年05月] 最新のOracle 1z0-1109-23認定練習テスト問題
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質問 # 60
company uses Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) DevOps to deploy an application to their production server.
They need to make some modifications to their application code and push those changes to production automatically. How can they achieve this?
- A. Manual builds can be run from the Build Pipelines to deploy the changes.
- B. OCI DevOps Triggers feature can be used to automate deployment.
- C. Terraform code can be packaged and pushed to the OCI Code Repository to deploy the changes.
- D. Application code can be pushed to the Resource Manager Stack for automatic deploy-ment.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The company can use the OCI DevOps Triggers feature to automate deployment of their application code changes to the production server. Therefore, the correct answer is: OCI DevOps Triggers feature can be used to automate deployment. OCI DevOps Triggers allow for automatic builds and de-ployments based on changes to the code repository. When a new commit is pushed to the reposito-ry, the trigger can initiate a build pipeline that creates an artifact and deploys the new version of the application to the production server. Here is the link to the official documentation on using triggers in OCI DevOps to automate application deployment:
Reference: https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/devops/using/using-triggers.htm
質問 # 61
Your customer has deployed their microservices based application on Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) and they are using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry (OCIR) service as their Docker image repository. They have deployed the OKE cluster using the 'custom create' option, and their Virtual Cloud Network (VCN) has three public subnets with associated route tables, security lists, and an internet gateway.
They are facing an issue where their application containers are falling to deploy. Upon investigation, they learn that the images are not getting pulled from the designated OCIR repository. The YAML configuration has the correct path to the images. What is a valid concern that needs to be further investigated?
- A. They need to add IAM credentials for each user that deploys applications to the OKE cluster.
- B. The VCN hosting the OKE cluster worker nodes needs to have a NAT gateway to access OCIR repositories.
- C. They need to add a security list rule for TCP port 22 to connect to the OCIR service.
- D. The OKE cluster needs to have a secret with credentials of their OCIR repository and use that secret in the Kubernetes deployment manifest.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
A valid concern that needs to be further investigated in this scenario is whether the OKE cluster has a secret with credentials of the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry (OCIR) repository and if that secret is being used in the Kubernetes deployment manifest. When deploying an application on OKE and pulling images from OCIR, the cluster needs to authenticate and authorize access to the OCIR repository. This is typically done by creating a Kubernetes secret that contains the credentials (authentication token or username/password) required to access the repository. The secret is then referenced in the Kubernetes deployment manifest to allow the cluster to pull the images. If the images are not getting pulled from the designated OCIR repository, it suggests that the OKE cluster might be missing the necessary secret with the OCIR credentials or the secret is not properly referenced in the deployment manifest. Further investigation should focus on ensuring the existence and correct configuration of the secret and its usage in the deployment process.
質問 # 62
Your team is responsible for deploying a new version of an application that is being used by your company's finance department. The application is critical to the department's operations, and any downtime could have serious consequences. What is the recommended approach in OCI for creating identical blue-green environments for this scenario?
- A. Use two separate Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) clusters to ensure complete separation between environments.
- B. Use a single Kubernetes cluster with two node pools, one for the blue environment and one for the green environment.
- C. Deploy the application to two separate OCI tenancies to ensure complete isolation be-tween environments.
- D. Use a single OCI region and create two separate Virtual Cloud Networks (VCNs), one for the blue environment and one for the green environment.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The recommended approach in OCI for creating identical blue-green environments for deploying a critical application is to use two separate OKE clusters to ensure complete separation between environments. A blue-green environment is a deployment technique that involves creating two identical environments (blue and green) and switching traffic between them after testing. This technique allows you to reduce downtime, minimize risk, and improve user experience. To create blue-green environments in OCI, you can use two separate OKE clusters, one for the blue environment and one for the green environment. Each cluster will have its own set of resources, such as node pools, pods, services, deployments, etc., that are isolated from each other. You can also use OCI Load Balancing service to route traffic between the clusters based on your criteria. Verified References: [Deployment Strategies - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps], [Creating Clusters - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Container Engine for Kubernetes]
質問 # 63
A fresher joined a company who made a mistake while ding yaria: to build_spec.yaml file. As a consequence, build pipelines started failing. What is the root cause for this error commited by the fresher? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. No errors. False alarm by OCI monitoring service
- B. Corrupt build_spec.yaml
- C. Expected ion-exported variable of a build to be persistent throughout multiple pipeline
- D. Multiple comment line in build_spec.yaml file
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The root cause for the error committed by the fresher is that the expected input/exported variable of a build is not persistent throughout multiple pipelines. This means that the value set for a variable in one pipeline is not carried over to subsequent pipelines, leading to failures in the build pipelines.
質問 # 64
You host a microservices based application on the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Con-tainer Engine for Kubernetes (OKE). Due to increased popularity of your application, you need to provision more resources to meet the growing demand. Which three statements are true for the given scenario?
- A. Enable autoscaling by autoscaling Pods by deploying Kubernetes Autoscaler to collect resource metrics from each worker node in the cluster.
- B. Scale a cluster up and down by changing the number of node pools in the cluster.
- C. Scale a node pool up and down to change the number of worker nodes in the node pool, and the availability domains and subnets in which to place them.
- D. Enable cluster autoscaling by autoscaling node pools by deploying the Kubernetes Autoscaler to automatically resize a cluster's node pools based on application workload demands.
- E. Enable cluster autoscaling by autoscaling node pools by deploying Kubernetes Metrics Server and using the Kubernetes Vertical Pod Autoscaler to adjust the resource re-quests and limits.
正解：A、C、D
解説：
Explanation
The statements that are true for scaling an OKE cluster to meet growing demand are:
* Enable autoscaling by autoscaling Pods by deploying Kubernetes Autoscaler to collect resource metrics from each worker node in the cluster. Pod autoscaling is a feature that allows you to adjust the number of pods in a deployment or replica set based on the CPU or memory utilization of the pods. You can use Kubernetes Autoscaler, which is an add-on component that you can install on your OKE cluster, to collect resource metrics from each worker node and scale the pods up or down accordingly.
* Enable cluster autoscaling by autoscaling node pools by deploying the Kubernetes Autoscaler to automatically resize a cluster's node pools based on application workload demands. Cluster autoscaling is a feature that allows you to adjust the number of nodes in a node pool based on the pod requests and limits of the pods running on the nodes. You can use Kubernetes Autoscaler, which is an add-on component that you can install on your OKE cluster, to monitor the pod requests and limits and scale the node pools up or down accordingly.
* Scale a node pool up and down to change the number of worker nodes in the node pool, and the availability domains and subnets in which to place them. A node pool is a group of worker nodes within an OKE cluster that share the same configuration, such as shape, image, subnet, etc. You can use OCI Console, CLI, or API to scale a node pool up and down by adding or removing worker nodes from it.
You can also change the availability domains and subnets for your node pool to distribute your nodes across different fault domains. Scaling a node pool allows you to adjust your cluster capacity according to your application workload demands. Verified References: [Scaling Clusters - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Container Engine for Kubernetes], [Scaling Node Pools - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Container Engine for Kubernetes]
質問 # 65
In the DevOps lifecycle, what is the difference between continuous delivery and continuous deployment?
- A. Continuous delivery involves automation of developer tasks, while continuous deployment involves manual operational tasks.
- B. Continuous delivery requires more automatic linting, while continuous deployment testing must be run manually.
- C. Continuous delivery utilizes automatic deployment to a development environment, while continuous deployment involves automatic deployment to a production environment.
- D. Continuous delivery is a process that initiates deployment manually, while continuous deployment is based on automating the deployment process.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The correct answer is: Continuous delivery is a process that initiates deployment manually, while continuous deployment is based on automating the deployment process. In the DevOps lifecycle, continuous delivery and continuous deployment are both approaches to software release and deployment, but they differ in the level of automation and manual intervention involved. Continuous delivery refers to the practice of continuously preparing software releases in a way that they could be deployed to production at any time. It focuses on automating the build, test, and deployment processes, ensuring that software is always in a deployable state.
However, the decision to actually deploy the software to production is made manually, typically by a human operator or team. On the other hand, continuous deployment takes the automation one step further. With continuous deployment, the software is automatically deployed to production as soon as it passes all the necessary tests and checks. There is no manual intervention in the deployment process, and it is fully automat-ed. This approach allows for faster and more frequent deployments, reducing the time between developing new features and making them available to users. So, the main difference is that continuous delivery requires a manual trigger for deployment to production, while continuous deployment automates the deployment process without the need for manual intervention.
質問 # 66
Which is NOT a valid log category for the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Logging service?
- A. Hybrid Logs
- B. Audit Logs
- C. Custom Logs
- D. Service Logs
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
"The option ""Hybrid Logs"" is NOT a valid log category for the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Log-ging service. The Logging service in OCI provides the ability to collect, search, and analyze logs generated by various OCI services and resources. The valid log categories include: Service Logs: These are the logs generated by various OCI services, such as Compute, Networking, Database, and Storage services. Custom Logs: These are user-defined logs that can be sent to the Logging service using the Logging SDK or APIs.
These logs can be from applications or resources running in OCI. Audit Logs: These logs capture the activity and events related to the management of OCI resources, such as API calls, user access, and policy changes.
The ""Hybrid Logs"" option is not a recognized log category in the OCI Logging service." Reference:
https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Logging/Concepts/loggingoverview.htm
質問 # 67
What is the correct approach to upgrade an Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) Cluster to a newer version of Kubernetes?
- A. Upgrade the node pools one at a time, then once all node pools are upgraded, upgrade the control plane.
- B. Upgrade the control plane, then upgrade the node pools.
- C. Initiate the automated upgrade process using the OCI Console. CLI, or API.
- D. Initiate the control plane and node pool upgrades simultaneously.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The correct approach to upgrade an Oracle Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) cluster to a newer version of Kubernetes is to first upgrade the control plane and then upgrade the node pools. Here are the steps to follow: Upgrade the control plane: Initiate the upgrade process for the control plane using the OCI Console, CLI, or API. This upgrade will update the Kubernetes control plane components running in the master nodes of the cluster. Upgrade the node pools: After the control plane upgrade is completed, you can proceed to upgrade the node pools. A node pool is a set of worker nodes within the cluster. You can upgrade the node pools one at a time or simultaneously, depending on your requirements and cluster configuration. By following this approach, you ensure that the control plane is upgraded first, which ensures compatibility and stability with the new version of Kubernetes. Afterward, you can upgrade the node pools to ensure all worker nodes are running the latest version of Kubernetes. It is important to note that before performing any upgrades, it is recommended to review the release notes and upgrade documentation provided by Oracle for any specific instructions or considerations related to the version you are upgrading to. Reference:
https://docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/ContEng/Concepts/contengaboutupgradingclusters.htm
質問 # 68
As a DevOps engineer working on a project to deploy container images to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Container Registry (OCIR), you have the option to create an empty repository in advance or allow the system to create a repository automatically on first push. Which statement about automatic repository creation is true?
- A. If you select the "Create repositories on first push root compartment" option and push an image with a command that includes the name of a repository that doesn't already exist, a new private repository is created automatically in the root compartment.
- B. Automatic repository creation only works for repositories in the normal user compartment.
- C. Automatic repository creation is triggered by running the command docker push .ocir.oci//:, even if the repository doesn't exist.
- D. To create a new public repository in the root compartment automatically, you need not belong to the tenancy's Administrators group or have the REPOSITORY MANAGE permission on the tenancy.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The statement that is true about automatic repository creation is that if you select the "Create repositories on first push root compartment" option and push an image with a command that includes the name of a repository that doesn't already exist, a new private repository is created automatically in the root compartment. This option allows you to enable or disable automatic repository creation for the root compartment of your tenancy.
If you enable this option, you can push an image to OCI Registry using the docker push command with the format <region-key>.ocir.io/<tenancy-namespace>/<repository-name>:<tag>, where <repository-name> is the name of a repository that does not exist yet. This will create a new private repository with the specified name and tag in the root compartment. If you disable this option, you will need to create an empty repository in advance before pushing an image to it. Verified References: [Creating Repositories - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry], [Pushing Images - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry]
質問 # 69
What is the difference between continous deployment and continous delivery with regard to DevOps lifecycle
? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. There is no difference between continuous deployment and continuous delivery
- B. Continuous delivery initates deployment automatically while continuous deployment works on manual deployment.
- C. Continuous delivery involves tasks for managers while continuous deployment is for developers.
- D. Continuous delivery initates deployment manually while continuous deployment works on automating
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The difference between continuous deployment and continuous delivery in the DevOps lifecycle is that continuous delivery involves initiating deployments manually, while continuous deployment focuses on automating the deployment process. Explanation: Continuous delivery and continuous deployment are both practices in the DevOps lifecycle that aim to streamline the software release process. However, there is a distinction between the two based on the level of automation involved in the deployment phase. Continuous delivery refers to the ability to deliver software changes to production in a reliable and efficient manner. It involves having a well-defined deployment process and a reliable pipeline that can be triggered manually to deploy the software changes. With continuous delivery, the deployment process can be initiated by a human decision, allowing for a final re-view or approval before releasing the software. On the other hand, continuous deployment takes the automation aspect further by automatically deploying software changes to production as soon as they pass through the entire delivery pipeline. In continuous deployment, the deployment process is fully automated, and there is no human intervention required to initiate the deployment. Once the changes are tested and validated, they are automatically deployed to the production environment. In summary, continuous delivery involves manual initiation of the deployment process, while continuous deployment focuses on automating the deployment process without the need for human intervention.
質問 # 70
As a DevOps engineer working on an OCI project, you're setting up a deployment pipeline to automate your application deployments. Which statement is false about deployment pipeline in OCI DevOps?
- A. You can add a Wait stage that adds a specified duration of delay in the pipeline.
- B. You can add an Approval stage that pauses the deployment for a specified duration for manual decision from the approver
- C. You can add a Traffic Shift stage that routes the traffic between two sets of backend IPs using preconfigured load balancer and listener.
- D. Using deployment pipeline, you can deploy artifacts to Kubernetes cluster, Instance Group, and OCI Compute Instances.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The statement that is false about deployment pipeline in OCI DevOps is that you can add a Wait stage that adds a specified duration of delay in the pipeline. This is not a valid type of stage that you can add to your deployment pipeline. The types of stages that you can add to your deployment pipeline are:
* Deploy stage: A stage that deploys an artifact to a target environment, such as Kubernetes, Instance Group, or Compute Instance.
* Control stage approval: A stage that pauses the pipeline execution and requires manual approval before proceeding to the next stage.
* Traffic shift stage: A stage that routes the traffic between two sets of backend IPs using a preconfigured load balancer and listener.
* Invoke function stage: A stage that invokes an Oracle Function with specified parameters and payload.
Verified References: [Deployment Pipelines - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps], [Creating Deployment Pipelines - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps]
質問 # 71
How do OCI DevOps deployment pipelines reduce risk and complexity of production applications?
- A. By scaling builds with service-managed build runners
- B. By reducing change-driven errors introduced by manual deployments
- C. By working with existing Git repositories and Cl systems
- D. By eliminating downtime of production applications
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
One of the ways that OCI DevOps deployment pipelines reduce risk and complexity of production applications is by reducing change-driven errors introduced by manual deployments. A deployment pipeline is a sequence of stages that automates the delivery of software from source code to production. By using a deployment pipeline, you can eliminate human errors, enforce quality checks, and ensure consistency across different environments. A deployment pipeline also enables faster feedback loops, easier rollback, and improved traceability of changes. Verified References: [Deployment Pipelines - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps],
[Creating Deployment Pipelines - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps]
質問 # 72
Which two are prerequisites for creating a secret in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Vault service?
- A. You must have the required permissions to create and manage secrets in the Vault service.
- B. You must first create a hash digest of the secret value.
- C. The user must create a compute instance to run the secret service.
- D. You must have a Vault managed key to encrypt the secret.
- E. You must have an auth token to encrypt the secret.
正解：A、D
解説：
Explanation
To create a secret in OCI Vault service, you need to have the following prerequisites:
* You must have a Vault managed key to encrypt the secret. A Vault managed key is a symmetric encryption key that is generated and managed by the Vault service. You can use a Vault managed key to encrypt and decrypt secrets, such as passwords, API keys, certificates, etc.
* You must have the required permissions to create and manage secrets in the Vault service. You need to have the IAM policies that allow you to access the Vault compartment, the Vault itself, and the Vault managed key. You also need to have the secret management policies that allow you to create, read, update, delete, or restore secrets. Verified References: [Creating Secrets - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Vault], [Prerequisites for Working with Secrets - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Vault]
質問 # 73
You are a DevOps engineer responsible for managing the deployment pipeline of your organization's application hosted on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). The pipeline is failing, and you need to troubleshoot the issue to identify the potential cause and fix it. You need the following information to investigate further: - Time spent for each deployment. - Number of times a deployment has failed. Which OCI service can provide you with the necessary information to identify the potential issue and help in debugging the same?
- A. OCI DevOps Agent
- B. OCI Monitoring service
- C. OCI Logging service
- D. OCI Event service
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The OCI service that can provide you with the necessary information to identify the potential issue and help in debugging the deployment pipeline is OCI Logging service. OCI Logging service is a service that allows you to collect, manage, search, analyze, and monitor logs from your OCI resources and applications. You can use OCI Logging service to view the logs from your build and deployment pipelines, such as the start time, end time, status, output, error messages, etc. You can also use OCI Logging service to filter, query, and export the logs for further analysis or troubleshooting. Verified References: [Logging - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Developer Tools], [Viewing Logs - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Developer Tools]
質問 # 74
A company is considering DevOps implementation in their current project. They are evaluating existing processes and tools for quick releases. In which two ways can you help this company discern the primary benefits of DevOps tools?
- A. Ensure proper configuration while implementing DevOps to eliminate the scope for errors.
- B. Improve the efficiency of IT operations by automating routine tasks and eliminating manual processes.
- C. Fix bugs and deploy security patches in a timely manner which, however, can also result in minimal downtime.
- D. Automate the software development lifecycle to increase production speed and consistency.
- E. Implement culture changes, for some organizations, which occurs as a result of DevOps implementation.
正解：B、D
解説：
Explanation
The primary benefits of DevOps tools are to improve the efficiency of IT operations by automating routine tasks and eliminating manual processes, and to automate the software development lifecycle to increase production speed and consistency. DevOps tools enable collaboration between developers and operations teams, streamline workflows, reduce errors, enhance security, and enable continuous integration and delivery of software. Verified References: [DevOps - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Developer Tools], [DevOps Tools - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Developer Tools]
質問 # 75
A development team leveraging the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps service is having trouble getting their build pipeline to complete successfully. Which two situations might be the problem? (Choose two.)
- A. They forgot to export a required variable in the build_spec.yaml file.
- B. Their source code and Kubernetes manifest are in different Git repositories.
- C. The build spec.yaml file is in the root directory of their Git repository, and they didn't specify a path to it.
- D. Their build specification file is available in a different directory of their Git repository, and there is no reference to its location.
- E. They did not export a vault variable in the vaultVariables section of the build_spec.yaml file.
正解：D、E
解説：
Explanation
The two situations that might be causing the problem with the build pipeline in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure DevOps service are: They did not export a vault variable in the vaultVariables section of the build_spec.yaml file. When using vault variables in the build specification file (build_spec.yaml), it is necessary to export the vault variables in the vaultVariables section of the file. If this step is missed, the pipeline may fail due to missing or inaccessible vault variables. Their build specification file is available in a different directory of their Git repository, and there is no reference to its location. The build specification file (build_spec.yaml) should be properly referenced in the pipeline configuration. If the file is located in a different directory than the default location or if its location is not specified correctly in the pipeline configuration, the pipeline may fail to find and execute the build specification, leading to a failure. To resolve these issues, the development team should ensure that they export the required vault variables in the build specification file and correct-ly reference the location of the build specification file in the pipeline configuration.
質問 # 76
A startup company wants to use DevOps tools and processes for fast releases in a project. What are the TWO offerings which DevOps tool can provide? (Choose two.)
- A. Helps in security patching to ensure data security and saves time
- B. Helps cloud admins with reportings and track metrics
- C. Speeds up production consistency and speed by automating SDLC
- D. Integrates between development and IT teams to achieve automation
正解：C、D
解説：
Explanation
The two offerings that DevOps tools can provide are: Integration between development and IT teams to achieve automation: DevOps tools facilitate collaboration and integration between development and IT operations teams. They provide a platform for automating processes, sharing information, and streamlining workflows, enabling faster and more efficient software development and deployment. Speeding up production consistency and speed by automating the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): DevOps tools automate various stages of the SDLC, including code compilation, testing, deployment, and monitoring. By automating these processes, DevOps tools help ensure consistency, reduce manual errors, and accelerate the release of software updates and new features. DevOps tools may also offer additional benefits such as improved security, reporting, and tracking metrics, but the primary offerings are integration and automation for faster and more efficient software delivery.
The two offerings which DevOps tool can provide are:
* Integrates between development and IT teams to achieve automation. DevOps tools enable collaboration between developers and operations teams by breaking down silos and streamlining workflows. DevOps tools also automate routine tasks and eliminate manual processes that can cause errors and delays.
* Speeds up production consistency and speed by automating SDLC. DevOps tools automate the software development lifecycle (SDLC) by enabling continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) of software.
DevOps tools also ensure consistency across different environments by using infrastructure as code (IaC) and configuration management techniques. Verified References: [DevOps - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Developer Tools], [DevOps Tools - Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Developer Tools]
質問 # 77
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