[2023年11月]更新の4A0-265試験問題集合格させるのは2023年最新のNokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting
無料で使える4A0-265試験問題集で合格させるお手軽に試験合格
Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Exam（4A0-265とも呼ばれます）は、光ネットワーク分野でのプロフェッショナルのスキルと知識をテストする認定試験です。この試験は、ノキアの機器やソフトウェアを光ネットワークで使用する経験のある個人を対象として特別に設計されています。
Nokia 4A0-265試験では、光ファイバーテスト、光学電力測定、光学時間領域反射測定（OTDR）、光スペクトル分析など、光学ネットワークに関連する幅広いトピックをカバーしています。候補者は、ファイバーの破損、コネクタの問題、波長ドリフトなど、さまざまな種類の光学障害をトラブルシューティングする能力についてテストされます。また、光ネットワークアーキテクチャと設計の原則に関する知識、および業界の基準とベストプラクティスの理解を示す必要があります。
質問 # 19
Which of the following correctly describes how a unidirectional amplification stage works?
- A. * Incoming optical signals pass through the ingress amplifier but are not boosted.
* Outgoing optical signals are boosted by the ingress amplifier. - B. * Incoming optical signals are boosted by the ingress amplifier.
* Outgoing optical signals pass through the ingress amplifier but are not boosted. - C. * Incoming optical signals are boosted by the ingress amplifier.
* Outgoing optical signals are also boosted by the ingress amplifier. - D. * Incoming optical signals are boosted by the ingress amplifier.
* Outgoing optical signals do not pass through the ingress amplifier.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
A unidirectional amplification stage works by boosting the incoming optical signals by the ingress amplifier, while the outgoing optical signals do not pass through the ingress amplifier. This means that the ingress amplifier only amplifies the signals in one direction, hence the name unidirectional. This configuration is typically used for point-to-point links or ring networks where bidirectional amplification is not required or desired1. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia
質問 # 20
Which of the following statements about the "config powermgmt egress 1/2 adjust status command" is TRUE?
- A. The command displays the status of power adjustment on the specified egress amplifier.
- B. The command enables power adjustment feature on the specified egress amplifier, as this feature Is always and only available at the egress amplification stage.
- C. The command enables power adjustment feature on the specified egress amplifier.
- D. The command displays commissioning status and WT decoder usage for the specified egress amplifiers only, as this feature is always and only done in the egress direction.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The command config powermgmt egress 1/2 adjust status is used to enable or disable the power adjustment feature on the specified egress amplifier. The power adjustment feature is a function that automatically adjusts the output power of an amplifier to compensate for changes in the input power or the number of channels. This feature can be enabled or disabled on both ingress and egress amplifiers, depending on the network configuration and requirements1. Therefore, the statement C is true. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia
質問 # 21
Which of the following statements best describes the payload type setting?
- A. Payload type attribute is recorded within the client payload and must be entered manually.
- B. Payload type attribute is recorded within the OTN overhead and can be set automatically or manually.
- C. Payload type attribute Is recorded within the client payload and can be set automatically.
- D. Payload type attribute is recorded within the OTN overhead and must be entered manually.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The payload type setting is an attribute that is recorded within the client payload and can be set automatically or manually. The payload type setting indicates the type of client signal that is carried by the OTN frame, such as Ethernet, Fibre Channel, or SDH/SONET. The payload type setting can be used for service identification and performance monitoring purposes. The payload type setting can be set automatically by the ML-Series card, which can detect the client signal type and encode it in the payload header. Alternatively, the payload type setting can be set manually by the user using the command config interface <interface> encmode
<encmode> payloadtype <payloadtype>, where <interface> is the client interface name, <encmode> is the encapsulation mode, such as GFP-F or BMP, and <payloadtype> is the client signal type, such as 10GE LAN or FC-1200. The other options are incorrect because they either state that the payload type setting is recorded within the OTN overhead, which is not true, or that it must be entered manually, which is not necessary. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, OAM and Diagnostics Guide
質問 # 22
Which of the following statements best describes the output of the command: show xc 1?
- A. A list of all boards on all nodes that this cross-connection passes through, along with expected power levels, measured power levels, and allowed power deviations.
- B. A list of cross-connections, including A-end, Z-end, frequency, ID number, OCH trail name, and administrative/operational states.
- C. OCH trail name, ITU channel, administrative/operational states, protection states, and Wave Keys for both directions.
- D. A list of boards that this cross-connection passes through on the local node, along with administrative/operational states, expected power levels, and measured power levels.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The command show xc 1 displays a list of cross-connections, including A-end, Z-end, frequency, ID number, OCH trail name, and administrative/operational states. A cross-connection is a logical connection between two ports on an optical network element that allows the transmission of an optical signal from one port to another.
The command can be used to view the configuration and status of the cross-connections on a node or a network. The other options are incorrect because they either describe a different command or provide incorrect information. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, OAM and Diagnostics Guide
質問 # 23
Which of the following statements about using Nokia product documentation in the troubleshooting process is TRUE?
- A. The Customer Release Notes (CRNs) provides instructions to perform the automated provisioning, commissioning, and power balancing functions in a customer network based on the Nokia 1830 PS5 platform.
- B. Before investigating a problem it is important to check the User Provisioning Guide (UPG) if a possible issue has already been acknowledged by the Product Unit (PU).
- C. Before investigating a problem it is important to check the Engineering and Planning Tool User Guide (EPTUG) if a possible issue has already been acknowledged by the Product Unit (PU).
- D. The Customer Release Notes (CRNs) document collects documented solved known issues, new issues discovered after the product software has been released.as well as software upgrade procedures and firmware details.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The Customer Release Notes (CRNs) document collects documented solved known issues, new issues discovered after the product software has been released, as well as software upgrade procedures and firmware details. This document is useful for troubleshooting because it can help identify if a problem is related to a known issue or a software bug, and if there is a workaround or a solution available. The CRNs also provide information about the software compatibility and interoperability of different Nokia products and platforms.
The other options are incorrect because the EPTUG and the UPG do not contain information about known issues, and the CRNs do not provide instructions for automated provisioning, commissioning, and power balancing functions. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Exam
質問 # 24
Suppose a unidirectional amplifier has been plugged into slot 1/13. Which command should the user enter to retrieve the OSC pluggable module type?
- A. show interface 1/13/OSC detail
- B. show interface 1/13/OSC
- C. show interface 1/13/OSCSFP
- D. show interface 1/13/OSCSFP detail
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The command that the user should enter to retrieve the OSC pluggable module type is show interface
1/13/OSCSFP detail. This command will display detailed information about the OSC interface on slot 1/13, including the type of pluggable module that is installed in it. The pluggable module type can be either SFP or SFP+, depending on the speed and distance requirements of the OSC link. The command will also show other parameters, such as wavelength, frequency, transmit power, receive power, and status. The other commands are incorrect because they either do not show the pluggable module type or have invalid syntax. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, OSFP OCTAL SMALL FORM FACTOR PLUGGABLE MODULE
質問 # 25
Which of the following statements best describes the Forward Error Correction (FEC) technique?
- A. FEC enables errors to be detected and corrected without retransmission. This technique is effective only below a specified OSNR threshold.
- B. FEC enables errors to be detected and data to be retransmitted. This technique is effective only below a specified OSNR threshold.
- C. FEC enables errors to be detected and corrected without retransmission. This technique is effective only above a specified OSNR threshold.
- D. FEC enables errors to be detected and data to be retransmitted. This technique is effective only above a specified OSNR threshold.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The statement that best describes the Forward Error Correction (FEC) technique is C. FEC is a technique used in digital communication to improve the accuracy and reliability of data transmission. By adding redundant information to the transmitted data, FEC enables the receiver to detect and correct errors without retransmission or other error correction techniques11. FEC is effective only above a specified OSNR threshold, which is the minimum optical signal-to-noise ratio required for error-free transmission with FEC enabled. If the OSNR falls below this threshold, FEC cannot correct all errors and data quality degrades significantly. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia, Optical User Guide
- Nokia, Forward Error Correction (FEC) - Online Tutorials Library
質問 # 26
Suppose a "Channel Absent" alarm is reported on an 1830 PSS node. What is the recommended order for the following troubleshooting steps?
- A. 1. Retrieve the cross-connection (XC) details and see what virave Keys should be present.
2. Go to the suspected troubled node / card / port and look at Wave Keys (in / out).
3. Retrieve the channel power trace.
4. Check observed Wave Keys against expected Wave Keys. - B. 1. Go to the suspected troubled node / card / port and look at Wave Keys (in / out).
2. Retrieve the cross-connection (XC) details and see what Wave Keys should be present.
3. Check observed Wave Keys against expected Wave Keys.
4. Retrieve the channel power trace. - C. 1. Check observed Wave Keys against expected Wave Keys.
2. Go to the suspected troubled node / card / port and look at Wave Keys (in / out).
3. Retrieve the channel power trace.
4. Retrieve the cross-connection (XC) details and see what Wave Keys should be present. - D. 1. Retrieve the channel power trace.
2. Retrieve the cross-connection (XC) details and see what Wave Keys should be present.
3. Go to the suspected troubled node / card / port and look at Wave Keys (in / out).
4. Check observed Wave Keys against expected Wave Keys.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The recommended order for the troubleshooting steps is B, as follows:
* Retrieve the channel power trace. This step is useful to identify the affected channel and its power level, as well as to check if there are any fluctuations or anomalies in the power trace that could indicate a channel absent issue1.
* Retrieve the cross-connection (XC) details and see what Wave Keys should be present. This step is necessary to verify which Wave Keys are expected to be present on the node, card, and port based on the XC configuration2. Wave Keys are unique identifiers for wavelength tracking that are encoded by Optical Transponders (OTs) into each service wavelength direction3.
* Go to the suspected troubled node / card / port and look at Wave Keys (in / out). This step is helpful to compare the observed Wave Keys with the expected Wave Keys, and to locate the source of the problem. If a Wave Key is missing or mismatched, it means that there is a channel absent issue on that node, card, or port4.
* Check observed Wave Keys against expected Wave Keys. This step is the final solution to resolve the issue and restore the normal operation of the node. The observed Wave Keys should match the expected Wave Keys based on the XC configuration. If not, the XC configuration should be corrected or the faulty node, card, or port should be replaced5. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia, Optical User Guide - Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent 1830 PSS-8 and PSS-16 Photonic Service Switch
質問 # 27
Which of the following statements correctly describes where power adjustments can be performed?
- A. In bidirectional configurations, both ingress and egress power adjustments are performed against the ingress amplifiers only.
- B. In unidirectional configurations, both ingress and egress power adjustments are performed against the ingress amplifiers only.
- C. In bidirectional configurations, ingress power adjustments are performed against the ingress amplifiers, while egress power adjustments are performed against the egress amplifiers.
- D. When Raman pumps are used, both ingress and egress power adjustments are performed against the Raman pump directly.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
In bidirectional configurations, where the same fiber is used to transmit signals in both directions, power adjustments can be performed at both ingress and egress amplifiers. The ingress power adjustments are performed against the ingress amplifiers, which boost the incoming signals from the opposite direction. The egress power adjustments are performed against the egress amplifiers, which boost the outgoing signals from the same direction2. Therefore, the statement A is correct. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia, Optical amplifiers, explained by RP; optical amplification
質問 # 28
Consider the exhibit. Given the following power readings, what is the calculated span loss from Node A to Node B?
- A. 2.0 dB
- B. 5.0 dB
- C. 8.0 dB
- D. 10.0 dB
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The calculated span loss from Node A to Node B is 10.0 dB. Span loss is the difference between the optical power transmitted and received at two points in a network. It can be calculated by subtracting the received power from the transmitted power. In the exhibit, the transmitted power from Node A to Node B is +7.5 dBm, and the received power at Node B from Node A is -2.5 dBm. Therefore, the span loss is +7.5 dBm - (-2.5 dBm) = 10.0 dB. The other options are incorrect because they do not match the calculation. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, Pluggable Optical Modules: Transceivers for the Cisco ONS Family Data Sheet
質問 # 29
Suppose a channel-related alarm is reported on an 1830 PSS node, and is related to a possible Wave Keys clock source issue. What is the recommended order for the following troubleshooting steps?
- A. 1. Retrieve the channel power trace.
2. Replace the suspect PF.
3. Determine the active clock reference source.
4. Switch to alternate clock source (PF). - B. 1. Determine the active clock reference source.
2. Replace the suspect PF.
3. Retrieve the channel power trace.
4. Switch to alternate clock source (PF). - C. 1. Replace the suspect PF.
2. Retrieve the channel power trace.
3. Switch to alternate clock source (PF).
4. Determine the active clock reference source. - D. 1. Retrieve the channel power trace.
2. Determine the active clock reference source.
3. Switch to alternate clock source (PF).
4. Replace the suspect PF.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The recommended order for the troubleshooting steps is A, as follows:
* Retrieve the channel power trace. This step is useful to identify the affected channel and its power level, as well as to check if there are any fluctuations or anomalies in the power trace that could indicate a clock source issue1.
* Determine the active clock reference source. This step is necessary to verify which clock source is currently used by the node, and if it matches the expected configuration. The clock source can be either a local oscillator (LO) or a phase-locked loop (PLL) that synchronizes with an external reference2. The active clock source can be determined by using the command show interface ot 1/1/lineout detail3.
* Switch to alternate clock source (PF). This step is helpful to isolate the problem and confirm if the suspect PF is indeed causing the channel-related alarm. By switching to an alternate clock source, such as another PF or an external reference, the node can recover from the alarm if the original clock source was faulty4.
* Replace the suspect PF. This step is the final solution to resolve the issue and restore the normal operation of the node. The suspect PF should be replacedwith a new one that has the same specifications and configuration as the original one5. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia, Optical User Guide - Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent 1830 PSS-8 and PSS-16 Photonic Service Switch
質問 # 30
Consider the exhibit. What do the different colored green columns indicate?
- A. Optical power levels measured multiple times against a specific interface, at 24-hour intervals for the same wavelength.
- B. The average optical power levels measured for multiple wavelengths throughout their shared optical path.
- C. Optical power levels measured at different interfaces throughout the optical path of a single wavelength.
- D. Optical power levels measured for multiple wavelengths against a specific interface.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The exhibit shows a graph of optical power levels measured at different interfaces throughout the optical path of a single wavelength. The different colored green columns indicate the optical power levels at different points along the optical path, such as the transmitter, the receiver, and the amplifiers. The graph also shows the expected power levels and the allowed deviation range for each point. The graph can be used to monitor the performance and quality of the optical signal and to identify any potential issues or anomalies. The other options are incorrect because they either describe a different type of graph or do not match the exhibit. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, OAM and Diagnostics Guide
質問 # 31
Which of the following Performance Measurement (PM) type is NOT typically retrieved at an Optical Transponder (OT) line interface?
- A. Forward Error Correction - Errors Counted (FEC-EC)
- B. Ethernet collision counters
- C. Optical Power Received (OPR)
- D. Digital Wrapper (DW)
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Performance Measurement (PM) is a feature that collects and reports various statistics related to the performance of an optical network element. PM data can be retrieved at different levels, such as Optical Channel (OCh), Optical Channel Data Unit (ODU), Optical Channel Transport Unit (OTU), and Ethernet. An Optical Transponder (OT) is a device that converts an electrical signal into an optical signal and vice versa. An OT has two interfaces: a client interface and a line interface. The client interface connects to the service provider network, while the line interface connects to the optical transport network. At the OT line interface, PM data can be retrieved for the OCh, ODU, OTU, and Digital Wrapper (DW) levels. The DW is a layer that encapsulates the client signal and provides overhead information for monitoring and management purposes.
Ethernet collision counters are not typically retrieved at the OT line interface, as they are related to the Ethernet level, which is usually monitored at the client interface. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, Nokia 1830 PSS-32 and PSS-16 Photonic Service Switch Release 8.0 Performance Monitoring Reference Guide
質問 # 32
Suppose a network operator needs to configure the 10GbE client interface 1/7/C1 with a GFP-F encapsulation mode. Which command should be used?
- A. config encmode interface 1/7/C1 10client gfp-f
- B. config interface 1/7/C1 tenGige encmode gfp-f
- C. config interface 1/7/C1 encmode 10client gfp-f
- D. config encmode interface 1/7/C1 tenGige gfp-f
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The command that should be used to configure the 10GbE client interface 1/7/C1 with a GFP-F encapsulation mode is config interface 1/7/C1 encmode 10client gfp-f. This command will set the encapsulation mode of the interface to GFP-F, which is a frame-mapped generic framing procedure that encapsulates Ethernet frames with a GFP header. The command also specifies that the interface is a 10GbE client interface, which means that it supports 10 Gigabit Ethernet LAN signals. The other commands are incorrect because they either have invalid syntax or use incorrect parameters for the interface or the encapsulation mode. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, OAM and Diagnostics Guide
質問 # 33
A power adjustment has succeeded conditionally because of gain settings set to higher levels than expected by design. Which of the following alarms will raise?
- A. Amplifier Gain Tilt Adjustments Suspended (PWRTILTSUSP)
- B. Power Adjustment Failure (PWRADJFAIL)
- C. Gain Adjustment Exceeded Max Value (PWRMAXGAIN)
- D. Invalid topology (PRCDRERR-TOPO)
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
A power adjustment has succeeded conditionally because of gain settings set to higher levels than expected by design. This means that the optical power levels of the amplifier have been adjusted within the acceptable range, but the gain values are higher than the design values. This can cause a performance degradation or instability of the optical signal. The alarm that will raise in this case is "Amplifier Gain Tilt Adjustments Suspended" (PWRTILTSUSP). This alarm indicates that the gain tilt adjustments, which are used to compensate for the wavelength-dependent loss of the optical signal, have been suspended due to high gain values. The alarm also suggests lowering the gain values manually or using the EPT tool. The other alarms are incorrect because they either indicate a different type of power adjustment issue or do not exist. References: Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course, OAM and Diagnostics Guide
質問 # 34
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an Optical Supervisory Channel Loss of Signal (OSC LOS) issue, in case that no "LD Input LOS" alarms are raised against the involved amplifiers?
- A. A "Power Adjustment Required" alarm is eventually raised on the local node.
- B. An "Incoming SUPVY LOS" alarm is raised on the local node.
- C. A "Data Link Down" alarm is raised on the adjacent node.
- D. Traffic does not pass between the local and adjacent nodes.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The statement that an "Incoming SUPVY LOS" alarm is raised on the local node is NOT a characteristic of an Optical Supervisory Channel Loss of Signal (OSC LOS) issue, in case that no "LD Input LOS" alarms are raised against the involved amplifiers. An "Incoming SUPVY LOS" alarm indicates that the input signal of the Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) is lost or below the threshold6. The OSC is a bidirectional channel that connects two adjacent nodes in a DWDM network and carries OAM information and other services7. An OSC LOS issue can occur due to a fiber cut, a defective or dirty OSC fiber, or a faulty OSC transmitter or receiver8. However, if there is no "LD Input LOS" alarm raised against the involved amplifiers, it means that there is no loss of signal on the line interface of the amplifier, which carries both service channels and OSC channels9. Therefore, an "Incoming SUPVY LOS" alarm on the local node is not related to an OSC LOS issue, but rather to an OSC configuration issue or a faulty OSC card10. References : Nokia Optical Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Course | Nokia, Optical User Guide - Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent 1830 PSS-8 and PSS-16 Photonic Service Switch
質問 # 35
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