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質問 # 15
Which command copies the contents of the directory /etc/, including all sub-directories, to /root/?
- A. copy /etc /root
- B. cp -R /etc/*.* /root
- C. rcp /etc/* /root
- D. cp -r /etc/* /root
- E. cp -v /etc/* /root
正解：D
質問 # 16
Which of the following directories containsinformation, documentation and example configuration files for installed software packages?
- A. /doc/
- B. /usr/share/doc/
- C. /var/info/
- D. /usr/examples/
- E. /etc/defaults/
正解：B
質問 # 17
Which of the following directories contains information, documentation and example configuration files for
installed software packages?
- A. /doc/
- B. /usr/share/doc/
- C. /var/info/
- D. /usr/examples/
- E. /etc/defaults/
正解：B
質問 # 18
Which of the following are typical services offered by public cloud providers? (Choose three correct answers.)
- A. Internet as aService(IaaS)
- B. Software as a Service (SaaS)
- C. Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)
- D. Platform as a Service(PaaS)
- E. Graphics as a Service (GaaS)
正解：B、C、D
質問 # 19
When typing a long command line at the shell, whatsingle charactercan be used to split a command across multiple lines?
正解：
解説：
Explanation
The backslash character () is used to escape the meaning of the next character in a command line. This means that the next character is treated as a literal character, not as a special character. For example, if you want to use a space in a file name, you can use a backslash before the space to prevent the shell from interpreting it as a separator. Similarly, if you want to split a long command line across multiple lines, you can use a backslash at the end of each line to tell the shell that the command is not finished yet. The shell will ignore the newline character and continue reading the next line as part of the same command.
For example, you can write:
ls -l/home/user/Documents
instead of:
ls -l /home/user/Documents
Both commands will produce the same output, but the first one is easier to read and type. References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 2.1.2
* 2.1 Command Line Basics - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs, slide 7.
質問 # 20
Which of the following outputs comes from the commandfree?
- A. Option D
- B. Option B
- C. Option A
- D. Option C
- E. Option E
正解：E
質問 # 21
Most commands on Linux can display information on their usage. How can this information typically be displayed?
- A. By running the command with the option -h or --help.
- B. By running the command with the option /? or /??.
- C. By running the command with the option -m or --manpage.
- D. By running the command with the option /doc or /documentation.
- E. By running the command with the option ?! or ?=!.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Most commands on Linux can display information on their usage by running the command with the option -h or --help. This option shows a brief summary of the command syntax, options, arguments, and examples. For example, running ls -h or ls --help will display the usage information for the ls command, which lists files and directories. The -h or --help option is a standard convention for most Linux commands, and it is useful for learning how to use a command or checking its available options. However, some commands may not support this option, or may use a different option to display usage information. In that case, you can use the man command to access the manual page for the command, which provides more detailed information on the command usage, description, options, arguments, examples, and references. For example, running man ls will display the manual page for the ls command. The man command is one of the applications covered in the Linux Essentials certification program from the Linux Professional Institute (LPI). References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)
* Linux Commands Cheat Sheet: Beginner to Advanced - GeeksforGeeks
質問 # 22
What is the UID of the user root?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
- E. 4
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The UID of the user root is always 0 on Linux systems. This is because the kernel uses the UID 0 to check for the superuser privileges and grant access to all system resources. The name of the user account with UID 0 is usually root, but it can be changed or have aliases. However, some applications may expect the name root and not work properly with a different name. The UID 0 is reserved for the root user and cannot be assigned to any other user. The UID 0 is stored in the /etc/passwd file along with other user information. References:
* Linux Essentials Topic 104: The Linux Operating System, section 104.4: Runlevels and Boot Targets.
* Linux Essentials Topic 106: Security and File Permissions, section 106.1: Basic security and identifying user types.
* Linux Essentials Topic 106: Security and File Permissions, section 106.2: Creating users and groups.
質問 # 23
A directory contains the following files:
What would be the output of the following shell script?
for file in *.txt
- A. A. txt
b. txt - B. A.txt
- C. a b
- D. *.txt
- E. c.cav
正解：A
質問 # 24
What information is stored in /etc/passwd? (Choose three.)
- A. The numerical user ID
- B. The encrypted password
- C. The username
- D. The user's storage space limit
- E. The user\s default shell
正解：A、B、C
質問 # 25
Which of the following is a protocol used for automatic IP address configuration?
- A. DNS
- B. NFS
- C. SMTP
- D. LDAP
- E. DHCP
正解：E
解説：
Explanation
DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a protocol that provides quick, automatic, and central management for the distribution of IP addresses within a network. It also configures other network information, such as the subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server information, on the device1. DHCP uses a client/server architecture, where a DHCP server issues unique IP addresses and automatically configures the devices that request them2. DHCP allows devices to move freely from one network to another and receive an IP address automatically, which is helpful with mobile devices1.
The other options are not protocols used for automatic IP address configuration. NFS stands for Network File System, which is a protocol that allows a user to access and modify files over a network as if they were on their own computer. LDAP stands for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, which is a protocol that provides access to a centralized directory service that stores information about users, groups, computers, and other resources on a network. SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, which is a protocol that enables the sending and receiving of email messages over a network. DNS stands for Domain Name System, which is a protocol that translates domain names into IP addresses and vice versa. References:
* Linux Essentials Exam Objectives, Version 1.6, Topic 105.1, Weight 4
* What Is DHCP? (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - Lifewire
* Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) | Microsoft Learn
* Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Wikipedia
* How does AutoIP work? - Barix
* [Network File System - Wikipedia]
* [Lightweight Directory Access Protocol - Wikipedia]
* [Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - Wikipedia]
* [Domain Name System - Wikipedia]
質問 # 26
What is true about thedmesgcommand? (Choose two correct answers.)
- A. It sends messages to the command lines of all current user sessions.
- B. It traces the execution of a command and shows each step the program carries out.
- C. It displays the content of the Linux kernel's ring buffer.
- D. It immediately outputs all new messages written to the system journal.
- E. It might not display older information because it was overwritten by newer information.
正解：C、E
質問 # 27
Which statements about the directory /etc/skel are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. The files from the directory are copied to the home directory of the new user when starting the system.
- B. The personal user settings of root are stored in this directory.
- C. The directory contains the global settings for the Linux system.
- D. The files from the directory are copied to the home directory of a new user when the account is created.
- E. The directory contains a default set of configuration files used by the useradd command.
正解：D、E
質問 # 28
What is defined by a Free Softwarelicense?
- A. The programming languages which may be used to extend the licensed program.
- B. Conditions for modifying and distributing the licensed software.
- C. Limits on the purposes for which the licensed software may be used.
- D. Details of the technical documentation each contributor has to provide.
- E. A complete list of libraries required to compile the licensed software.
正解：B
質問 # 29
What is true about a recursive directory listing?
- A. It includes details of file system internals, such as inodes.
- B. It includes a preview of content for each file in the directory.
- C. It includes the content of sub-directories.
- D. It includes ownership information for the files.
- E. It includes the permissions of the directory listed.
正解：C
質問 # 30
What is true about the su command?
- A. It locks the root account in specific time frames.
- B. It can only be used by the user root.
- C. It changes the name of the main administrator account.
- D. It is the default shell of the root account.
- E. It runs a shell or command as another user.
正解：E
解説：
Explanation
The su command stands for substitute user or switch user. It allows you to run a shell or a command as another user, usually the superuser or root. To use the su command, you need to know the password of the target user.
For example, if you want to switch to the root user, you can type su - and enter the root password. This will give you a root shell, where you can execute commands with administrative privileges. To exit the root shell, you can type exit or press Ctrl-D. The su command is not the default shell of the root account, nor can it only be used by the root user. It can be used by any user who knows the password of another user. The su command does not change the name of the main administrator account, which is always root on Linux systems. The su command also does not lock the root account in specific time frames, although there are other ways to do that, such as using the pam_time module. References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 5.1.1
* LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide: Exam 010 v1.6, 3rd Edition, chapter 9, page 219.
質問 # 31
Which of the followingtaroptions handle compression? (Choose twocorrect answers.)
- A. -g
- B. -j
- C. -z2
- D. -z
- E. -bz
正解：B、D
質問 # 32
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