合格させるLpi 102-500試験最速合格 [Q136-Q157]

合格させるLpi 102-500試験最速合格

準備102-500問題解答で102-500試験問題集

LPIC-1資格認定は、Linux管理の専門知識を証明したいプロフェッショナルにとって必要不可欠です。グローバルに認知され、雇用主から高く評価されています。この認定は、候補者がプロの設定でLinuxシステムを管理するために必要なスキルと知識を持っていることを確認します。また、LPIC-2やLPIC-3などのより高度なLinux認定へのパスウェイを提供します。Lpi 102-500試験に合格することは、Linuxプロフェッショナルとしてのステップアップと、IT業界でのキャリアアップにとって重要な一歩です。

LPI 102-500試験は、60の複数選択と空白の質問で構成されるコンピューターベースの試験です。候補者には試験を完了するために90分が与えられ、800のうち少なくとも500を獲得して合格する必要があります。この試験は、英語、ドイツ語、ポルトガル語、スペイン語で入手できます。

 

質問 # 136
Which of the following steps prevents a user from obtaining an interactive login session?

• A. Setting the UID for the user to 0.
• B. Creating a .nologin file in the user's home directory.
• C. Running the command chsh -s /bin/false with the user name.
• D. Adding the user to /etc/noaccess.
• E. Removing the user from the group staff.

正解：C

質問 # 137
What is true regarding public and private SSH keys? (Choose two.)

• A. To allow remote logins, the user's private key must be copied to the remote server.
• B. To maintain the private key's confidentiality, the SSH key pair must be created by its owner.
• C. For each user account, there is exactly one key pair that can be used to log into that account.
• D. Several different public keys may be generated for the same private key.
• E. The private key must never be revealed to anyone.

正解：B、E

質問 # 138
What output will the following command produce?
seq 1 5 20

• A. 5 10 15 20
• B. 1 5 10 15
• C. 1 234
• D. 1 6 11 16
• E. 2 345

正解：D

質問 # 139
Which of the following files assigns a user to its primary group?

• A. /etc/group
• B. /etc/shadow
• C. /etc/passwd
• D. /etc/gshadow
• E. /etc/pgroup

正解：C

解説：
The /etc/passwd file assigns a user to its primary group by specifying the group ID (GID) of the primary group in the fourth field of each line. The /etc/passwd file contains the basic information for each user account on a Linux system, such as the user name, user ID (UID), group ID (GID), home directory, login shell, etc. The format of each line is:
username:password:UID:GID:comment:home:shell
For example, the following line assigns the user bob to the primary group bob, which has the GID of 1001:
bob:x:1001:1001::/home/bob:/bin/sh
The /etc/passwd file can be viewed and modified by the root user or by using the useradd, usermod, or userdel commands123. The other files listed in the options do not assign a user to its primary group. The /etc/pgroup file does not exist by default on most Linux systems, and it is not related to the primary group. The /etc/shadow file contains the encrypted passwords and other information for each user account, but not the primary group4. The /etc/group file contains the information for each group on the system, such as the group name, group password, group ID, and group members, but not the primary group of each user5. The /etc/gshadow file contains the encrypted passwords for group accounts. Reference: 12345

質問 # 140
Which of the following commands can identify the PID od a process which opened a TCP port?

• A. debug
• B. lsof
• C. ptrace
• D. nessus
• E. strace

正解：B

質問 # 141
Depending on a system's configuration, which of the following files can be used to enable and disable network services running on this host?

• A. /et/host.conf
• B. /etc/ports
• C. /etc/host.conf
• D. /etc/profile
• E. /etc/xinetd.conf

正解：E

解説：
The file that can be used to enable and disable network services running on this host is /etc/xinetd.conf. This file is the main configuration file for the xinetd daemon, which is a super-server that can start other network services on demand. The /etc/xinetd.conf file contains global settings and a list of services that xinetd can manage. Each service has its own configuration section, which can include the disable keyword to enable or disable the service. For example, to disable the telnet service, the configuration section would look like this12:
service telnet
{
disable = yes
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
wait = no
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.telnetd
log_on_failure += USERID
}
The other files are not related to network services. The /etc/profile file is a global configuration file for the Bash shell, which sets environment variables and aliases for all users3. The /etc/ports file does not exist by default in Linux, and it is not a standard file for network configuration. The /et/host.conf file is a typo, and it should be /etc/host.conf, which is a file that controls the behavior of the resolver library, which is used to look up host names and IP addresses4. The /etc/host.conf file is not used to enable or disable network services, but to specify the order of host name resolution methods5. Reference:
1: How to enable or disable services with xinetd - LinuxConfig.org
2: xinetd.conf(5) - Linux manual page - man7.org
3: What is /etc/profile file in Linux? - LinuxForDevices
4: host.conf(5) - Linux manual page - man7.org
5: Linux host.conf file - Computer Notes

質問 # 142
Which of the following options in the chrony configuration file define remote lime sources? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

• A. Remote
• B. Source
• C. Pool
• D. server
• E. Clock

正解：C、D

質問 # 143
Which mechanism does ssh use to interact with the SSH agent?

• A. Starting ssh-agent as a child process for each ssh invocation.
• B. Evaluating environment variables such as SSH_AUTH_SOCK.
• C. Using the fixed socket .ssh-agent/ipc.
• D. Creating an alias replacing ssh with calls to ssh-agent.
• E. Connecting to port 2222 which is used by the system-wide SSH agent.

正解：B

質問 # 144
What word is missing from the following SQL statement?
insert into tablename ________(909, 'text');
(Please specify the missing word using lower-case letters only.)

正解：

解説：
values

質問 # 145
Which of the following commands can be used to limit the amount of memory a user may use?

• A. usermod
• B. chage
• C. passwd
• D. umask
• E. ulimit

正解：E

解説：
The ulimit command can be used to limit the amount of memory a user may use. The ulimit command is a shell builtin that allows the user to view or modify the resource limits imposed by the operating system. The resource limits can affect the maximum size of files, the maximum number of processes, the maximum amount of CPU time, and the maximum amount of virtual memory a user can access.
To limit the amount of memory a user may use, the -v option can be used with the ulimit command. The -v option sets the maximum amount of virtual memory available to the current shell and its children in kilobytes. For example, the command ulimit -v 1000000 would limit the virtual memory to 1 GB. The -m option can also be used to set the maximum resident set size, which is the amount of physical memory used by a process, but this option is not supported by all systems.
The ulimit command can be used interactively in a shell session, or it can be placed in a shell initialization file, such as .bashrc or .profile, to apply the limits to all future shell sessions. The ulimit command can also be used in conjunction with the /etc/security/limits.conf file, which allows the system administrator to set global or per-user resource limits for all users and processes. The /etc/security/limits.conf file can specify hard and soft limits for each resource, as well as the scope of the limit, such as user, group, or domain.
The other commands listed are not related to limiting the amount of memory a user may use. The umask command sets the default file permissions for newly created files and directories. The usermod command modifies the user account information, such as the home directory, the login shell, or the password expiration date. The passwd command changes the user password. The chage command changes the password aging information, such as the minimum and maximum number of days between password changes, or the number of days before the password expires. Reference:
ulimit(1) - Linux manual page
How to limit user environment with ulimit Linux command
Control server access using hosts.allow and hosts.deny files

質問 # 146
What of the following can be done by the command ifconfig? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

• A. Allow regular users to change the network configuration of a network interface.
• B. Specify which network services are available on a network interface.
• C. Set a network interface active or inactive.
• D. Specify the kernel module to be used with a network interface.
• E. Change the netmask used on a network interface.

正解：C、E

解説：
The command ifconfig can be used to set a network interface active or inactive by using the up or down options. For example, the following command will activate the eth0 interface:
sudo ifconfig eth0 up
The command ifconfig can also be used to change the netmask used on a network interface by specifying the netmask option followed by the desired netmask value. For example, the following command will change the netmask of the eth0 interface to 255.255.255.0:
sudo ifconfig eth0 netmask 255.255.255.0
The other options in the question are not possible with the ifconfig command. The command ifconfig cannot specify the kernel module to be used with a network interface. This is done by the modprobe command or the
/etc/modules file. The command ifconfig cannot allow regular users to change the network configuration of a network interface. This is controlled by the sudoers file or the polkit framework. The command ifconfig cannot specify which network services are available on a network interface. This is done by the firewall rules or the /etc/services file. References:
* [LPI Linux Administrator - Exam 102 Objectives - Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals]
* Linux ifconfig Command | Linuxize
* 15 Useful "ifconfig" Commands to Configure Network in Linux - Tecmint
* ifconfig command in Linux with Examples - GeeksforGeeks

質問 # 147
Your senior administrator asked you to change the default background of his machine, which uses XDM. Which file would you edit to achieve this?

• A. /etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup
• B. /etc/X11/defaults.conf
• C. /etc/X11/xdm/Defaults
• D. /etc/X11/xdm.conf

正解：A

解説：
The file /etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup contains commands that are executed by XDM before displaying the login screen. This file can be used to set the background image, color, or run other programs on the X display. The other files are either not related to XDM or do not exist by default. Reference:
XDM - ArchWiki
Customizing the XDM Login Screen | Linux Journal

質問 # 148
Which of the following are syslog facilities? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

• A. local7
• B. postmaster
• C. advanced
• D. mail
• E. remote

正解：A

解説：
The syslog facilities are predefined categories of messages that can be used to classify the source and type of the log events12. The syslog facilities are defined by the syslog protocol and are standardized across different implementations of syslog12. The syslog facilities are:
* auth: Security and authorization messages, such as login failures or sudo usage12.
* authpriv: Same as auth, but used for private security messages that should not be available to all users12.
* cron: Messages from the cron daemon, such as scheduled jobs or errors12.
* daemon: Messages from system daemons, such as sshd or ntpd12.
* kern: Messages from the kernel, such as boot messages or hardware errors12.
* lpr: Messages from the line printer subsystem, such as print jobs or errors12.
* mail: Messages from the mail subsystem, such as sendmail or postfix12.
* news: Messages from the network news subsystem, such as news servers or clients12.
* syslog: Messages generated internally by the syslog daemon, such as configuration errors or restarts12.
* user: Messages from user-level processes, such as applications or scripts12.
* uucp: Messages from the Unix-to-Unix copy subsystem, such as file transfers or errors12.
* local0 to local7: Custom facilities that are not used by any system processes and can be assigned to user applications or scripts123.
Therefore, the correct answers are A. local7 and B. mail, as they are both valid syslog facilities. The other options are not syslog facilities and are either made up (C. advanced and E. remote) or refer to a specific process rather than a category of messages (D. postmaster).
References: 1: Prepare for LPIC-1 exam 2 - topic 108.2: System logging - IBM Developer Tutorial 2: 108.2 System logging - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs 3: What is the local6 (and all other local#) facilities in syslog?

質問 # 149
Which of the following commands display the number of bytes transmitted and received via the eth0 network interface? (Choose two.)

• A. ip -s link show eth0
• B. ip stats show dev eth0
• C. route -v via eth0
• D. ifconfig eth0
• E. netstat -s -i eth0

正解：D、E

質問 # 150
FILL BLANK
What is the top-level directory which contains the configuration files for CUPS? (Specify the full path to the directory.)

正解：

解説：
/etc/cups/ cups-files.conf

質問 # 151
What is pool.ntp.org?

• A. A deprecated feature for maintaining system time in the Linux kernel
• B. A community website used to discuss the localization of Linux
• C. A virtual cluster of various timeservers
• D. A website which provides binary and source packages for the OpenNTPD project

正解：C

解説：
C）. pool.ntp.org is indeed a virtual cluster of various timeservers. It provides a reliable and easy-to-use NTP (Network Time Protocol) service for millions of clients worldwide.
The pool.ntp.org project allows systems to synchronize their clocks with internet time servers, which are part of a large virtual cluster1.
References:
* pool.ntp.org: the internet cluster of ntp servers, which explains the purpose and functioning of the pool.ntp.org project.
* How do I setup NTP to use the pool?, which provides instructions on how to use pool.ntp.org for time synchronization.
* NTP pool - Wikipedia, which offers additional information about the NTP pool and its role in time synchronization across the internet.

質問 # 152
Which of the following commands can be used to convert text files in one character encoding to another character encoding?

• A. cat
• B. dd
• C. utf2utf
• D. iconv
• E. convert

正解：D

解説：
The command that can be used to convert text files in one character encoding to another character encoding is:
* iconv: this command can convert text files from one form of encoding to another, such as UTF-8, ISO-8859-1, ASCII, etc. To use this command, you need to specify the input encoding, the output encoding, and the file name. For example, to convert a file named input.txt from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8, you can run:
iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8 input.txt
The output will be printed to the standard output, which can be redirected to another file or piped to another command. You can also use the -o option to specify the output file name. For example, to convert the same file and save the output to output.txt, you can run:
iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8 -o output.txt input.txt
To list all the supported encodings, you can use the -l option. For example, to see all the encodings that start with UTF, you can run:
iconv -l | grep UTF
The iconv command is part of the GNU libc package and is available on most Linux systems. The full path of the command is /usr/bin/iconv.
The other options are incorrect because:
* cat: this command can concatenate and print files to the standard output, but it does not perform any encoding conversion. It can be used to display the contents of a text file, but it will not change the encoding of the file.
* convert: this command can convert image files from one format to another, such as PNG, JPEG, GIF, etc. It is part of the ImageMagick suite of tools and is not related to text encoding conversion.
* dd: this command can copy and convert data from one source to another, such as files, devices, or pipes.
It can perform some conversions, such as changing the case of letters, swapping bytes, or converting between ASCII and EBCDIC, but it does not support common text encodings such as UTF-8 or ISO-8859-1.
* utf2utf: this is not a valid command on Linux. There is no such tool that can convert between different UTF encodings.
References:
* How to Convert Files to UTF-8 Encoding in Linux - Tecmint
* Best way to convert text files between character sets? - Stack Overflow
* how to change encoding of a text file without openning the file in shell program - Stack Overflow
* HowTo: Check and Change File Encoding In Linux - ShellHacks
* How to change character encoding of a text file on Linux - Xmodulo

質問 # 153
Which of the following tools used for DNS debugging, reports not only the response from the name server but also details about the query?

• A. dnsq
• B. dig
• C. hostname
• D. zoneinfo
• E. dnslookup

正解：B

解説：
The tool that reports not only the response from the name server but also details about the query is dig. Dig stands for domain information groper and it is a command-line tool that can query DNS servers for various types of records. Dig can also provide additional information such as the query time, the server address, the query options, and the response code. Dig is a powerful and flexible tool that can be used for DNS troubleshooting and testing123 Reference:
1: How to use the dig command - Linux.com
2: dig(1) - Linux manual page - man7.org
3: Top 6 Tools for DNS Troubleshooting | Total Uptime®

質問 # 154
How is a display manager started?

• A. It is started automatically when a X11 user logs in to the system console.
• B. It is started like any other system service by the init system.
• C. It is started by inetd when a remote hosts connects to the X11 port.
• D. It is started by a user using the command startx.

正解：B

質問 # 155
Which of the following words is used to restrict the records that are returned from a SELECT query based on a supplied criteria for the values in the records?

• A. WHERE
• B. FROM
• C. IF
• D. LIMIT

正解：A

質問 # 156
Which of the following commands connects to the remote host example.com which has OpenSSH listening on TCP port 2222? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

• A. ssh -p 2222 example.com
• B. ssh --port 2222 example.com
• C. ssh -o Port=2222 example.com
• D. ssh -o GatewayPort=2222 example.com
• E. ssh example.com:2222

正解：A、C

解説：
TThe ssh command is used to connect to a remote host using the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, which provides encrypted and authenticated communication. The ssh command has the following syntax:
ssh [options] [user@]hostname [command]
The options can modify the behavior of the ssh command, such as specifying the port number, the identity file, the cipher, the compression, and the timeout. The user@hostname specifies the username and the hostname of the remote host to connect to. The command is an optional argument that specifies the command to execute on the remote host.
To connect to the remote host example.com which has OpenSSH listening on TCP port 2222, two possible options are:
* B. ssh -p 2222 example.com: This option uses the -p flag to specify the port number of the remote host.
The -p flag is a shortcut for the Port option, which can also be used with the -o flag.
* C. ssh -o Port=2222 example.com: This option uses the -o flag to specify a configuration option for the ssh command. The -o flag can be followed by any option that is valid in the ssh_config file, such as Port, IdentityFile, Cipher, Compression, and ConnectTimeout. The Port option sets the port number of the remote host.
The other options in the question are not correct for this task. The --port option is not a valid option for the ssh command. The GatewayPort option is used to specify whether remote hosts are allowed to connect to local forwarded ports. The example.com:2222 syntax is not valid for the ssh command.
References:
* LPI 102-500 Exam Objectives, Topic 110.1: Perform security administration tasks
* LPI 102-500 Study Guide, Chapter 10: Securing Your System, Section 10.1: Configuring SSH
* ssh man page
opic 7, Misc Questions New

質問 # 157
......

LPIC-1試験102は、ITの専門家がキャリアを次のレベルに引き上げるのに役立つ、やりがいのあるが報酬のある認証試験です。 Linux Administrationの習熟度を実証することにより、候補者は仲間や雇用主の尊敬と認識を獲得し、この分野で新しいキャリアの機会を開くことができます。

 

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