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質問 # 46
Which of the following statements describe calculated fields? (select all that apply)
- A. Calculated fields are shortcuts for performing calculations using the eval command.
- B. Calculated fields can be used in the search bar.
- C. Calculated fields can only be applied to host and sourcetype.
- D. Calculated fields can be based on an extracted field.
正解：A、B、D
解説：
Reference: https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.0.3/Knowledge/definecalcfields Calculated fields are fields that are created by performing calculations on existing fields using the eval command. Calculated fields can be used in the search bar to filter and transform events based on the calculated values. Calculated fields can also be based on an extracted field, which is a field that is extracted from raw data using various methods, such as regex, delimiters, lookups, etc. Calculated fields are not shortcuts for performing calculations using the eval command, but rather results of performing calculations using the eval command. Calculated fields can be applied to any field in Splunk, not only host and sourcetype.
Therefore, statements A, B, and D are true about calculated fields.
質問 # 47
What is required for a macro to accept three arguments?
- A. The macro's name starts with (3).
- B. The macro's name ends with (3).
- C. Nothing, all macros can accept any number of arguments.
- D. The macro's argument count setting is 3 or more.
正解：B
解説：
To create a macro that accepts arguments, you must include the number of arguments in parentheses at the end of the macro name1. For example, my_macro(3) is a macro that accepts three arguments. The number of arguments in the macro name must match the number of arguments in the definition1. Therefore, option A is correct, while options B, C and D are incorrect.
質問 # 48
The macro weekly sales (2) contains the search string:
index=games | eval ProductSales = $Price$ * $AmountSold$
Which of the following will return results?
- A. 'weekly_sales($3.995, $108)'
- B. 'weekly sales (3.99, 10)'
- C. 'weekly sales (3)'
- D. 'weekly_sales (3.99, 10)'
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
To use a search macro in a search string, you need to place a back tick character (`) before and after the macro name1. You also need to use the same number of arguments as defined in the macro2. The macro weekly sales (2) has two arguments: Price and AmountSold. Therefore, you need to provide two values for these arguments when you call the macro.
The option A is incorrect because it uses parentheses instead of back ticks around the macro name. The option B is incorrect because it uses underscores instead of spaces in the macro name. The option D is incorrect because it uses spaces instead of commas to separate the argument values.
Reference: 1 Use search macros in searches - Splunk Documentation 2 Define search macros in Settings - Splunk Documentation
質問 # 49
Using the export function, you can export search results as __________.( Select all that apply)
- A. Xml
- B. Html
- C. Json
- D. A php file
正解：A、C
解説：
Using the export function, you can export search results as XML or JSON2. The export function allows you to
save your search results in a structured format that can be used by other applications or tools2. You can use the
output_mode parameter to specify whether you want to export your results asXML or JSON2. Therefore,
options A and B are correct, while options C and D are incorrect because they are not formats that you can
export your search results as.
質問 # 50
Which of the following statements about tags is true?
- A. Tags can make your data more understandable.
- B. Tags are created at index time.
- C. Tags are searched by using the syntax tag: : <fieldneme>
- D. Tags are case insensitive.
正解：A
解説：
Tags are aliases or alternative names for field values in Splunk. They can make your data more understandable
by using common or descriptive terms instead of cryptic or technical terms. For example, you can tag a field
value such as "200" with "OK" or "success" to indicate that it is a HTTP status code for a successful request.
Tags are case sensitive, meaning that "OK" and "ok" are different tags. Tags are created at search time,
meaning that they are applied when you run a search on your data. Tags are searched by using the
syntax tag::<tagname>, where <tagname> is the name of the tag you want to search for.
質問 # 51
What other syntax will produce exactly the same results as | chart count over vendor_action by user?
- A. | chart count by vendor_action over user
- B. | chart count by vendor_action, user
- C. | chart count over vendor_action, user
- D. | chart count over user by vendor_action
正解：B
解説：
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.1.2/SearchReference/Chart
質問 # 52
Which of these is NOT a field that is automatically created with the transaction command?
- A. eventcount
- B. maxcount
- C. duration
正解：B
質問 # 53
Using the export function, you can export search results as __________.( Select all that apply)
- A. Xml
- B. Html
- C. Json
- D. A php file
正解：A、C
質問 # 54
Which of the following statements is true, especially in large environments?
- A. The stats command is faster and more efficient than the transaction command
- B. The transaction command is faster and more efficient than the stats command.
- C. Use the scats command when you next to group events by two or more fields.
- D. Use the transaction command when you want to see the results of a calculation.
正解：A
解説：
Reference: https://answers.splunk.com/answers/103/transaction-vs-stats-commands.html The stats command is faster and more efficient than the transaction command, especially in large environments. The stats command is used to calculate summary statistics on the events, such as count, sum, average, etc. The stats command can group events by one or more fields or by time buckets. The stats command does not create new events from groups of events, but rather creates new fields with statistical values. The transaction command is used to group events into transactions based on some common characteristics, such as fields, time, or both. The transaction command creates new events from groups of events that share one or more fields. The transaction command also creates some additional fields for each transaction, such as duration, eventcount, startime, etc. The transaction command is slower and more resource-intensive than the stats command because it has to process more data and create more events and fields.
質問 # 55
In the Field Extractor Utility, this button will display events that do not contain extracted fields.
Select your answer.
- A. Selected-Fields
- B. Non-Extractions
- C. Non-Matches
- D. Matches
正解：C
質問 # 56
Which of the following about reports is/are true?
- A. Reports can run a script.
- B. All of the above.
- C. Reports are knowledge objects.
- D. Reports can be scheduled.
正解：B
解説：
A report is a way tosave a search and its results in a format that you can reuse and share with others2. A report
is also a type of knowledge object, which is an entity that you create to add knowledge to your data and make
it easier to search and analyze2. Therefore, option A is correct. A report can be scheduled, which means that
you can configure it to run at regular intervals and send the results to yourself or others via email or other
methods2. Therefore, option B is correct. A report can run a script, which means that you can specify a script
file to execute when the report runs and use it to perform custom actions or integrations2. Therefore, option C
is correct. Therefore, option D is correct because all of the above statements are true for reports.
質問 # 57
What are the expected results for a search that contains the command | where A=B?
- A. Events that contain the string value A=B.
- B. Events where field A contains the string value B.
- C. Events where values of field are equal to values of field B.
- D. Events that contain the string value where A=B.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The correct answer is C. Events where values of field A are equal to values of field B.
The where command is used to filter the search results based on an expression that evaluates to true or false.
The where command can compare two fields, two values, or a field and a value. The where command can also use functions, operators, and wildcards to create complex expressions1.
The syntax for the where command is:
| where <expression>
The expression can be a comparison, a calculation, a logical operation, or a combination of these. The expression must evaluate to true or false for each event.
To compare two fields with the where command, you need to use the field names without any quotation marks. For example, if you want to find events where the values for the field A match the values for the field B, you can use the following syntax:
| where A=B
This will return only the events where the two fields have the same value.
The other options are not correct because they use different syntax or fields that are not related to the where command. These options are:
A: Events that contain the string value where A=B: This option uses the string value where A=B as a search term, which is not valid syntax for the where command. This option will return events that have the literal text "where A=B" in them.
B: Events that contain the string value A=B: This option uses the string value A=B as a search term, which is not valid syntax for the where command. This option will return events that have the literal text
"A=B" in them.
D: Events where field A contains the string value B: This option uses quotation marks around the value B, which is not valid syntax for comparing fields with the where command. Quotation marks are used to enclose phrases or exact matches in a search2. This option will return events where the field A contains the string value "B".
References:
where command usage
Search command cheatsheet
質問 # 58
How is a macro referenced in a search?
- A. By using the macroname command.
- B. By enclosing the macro name in backtick characters (').
- C. By using the macro command.
- D. By enclosing the macro name in single-quote characters (').
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is C. By enclosing the macro name in backtick characters (`).
A macro is a way to reuse a piece of SPL code in different searches. A macro can take arguments, which are
variables that can be replaced by different values when the macro is called.A macro can also contain another
macro within it, which is called a nested macro1.
To reference a macro in a search, you need to enclose the macro name in backtick characters (). For example,
if you have a macro namedmy_macro` that takes one argument, you can reference it in a search by using the
following syntax:
|my_macro(argument)| ...
This will replace the macro name and argument with the SPL code contained in the macro definition. For
example, if the macro definition is:
[my_macro(argument)] search sourcetype=$argument$
And you reference it in a search with:
index=main |my_macro(web)| stats count by host
This will expand the macro and run the following SPL code:
index=main | search sourcetype=web | stats count by host
References:
Use search macros in searches
質問 # 59
When defining a macro, what are the required elements?
- A. Name and definition.
- B. Name and a validation error message.
- C. Name and arguments.
- D. Definition and arguments.
正解：A
解説：
When defining a search macro, the required elements are the name and the definition of the macro. The name
is a unique identifier for the macro that can be used to invoke it in other searches. The definition is the search
string that the macro expands to when referenced. The arguments, validation expression, and validation error
message are optional elements that can be used to customize the macro behavior and input validation2
1: Splunk Core Certified Power User Track, page 9. 2: Splunk Documentation, Define search macros in
Settings.
質問 # 60
In automatic lookup definitions, the _____ fields are those that are not in the event data.
- A. output
- B. input
正解：A
質問 # 61
What does the fillnull command replace null values with, it the value argument is not specified?
- A. NULL
- B. N/A
- C. NaN
- D. 0
正解：D
解説：
Reference:
The fillnull command is a search command that replaces null values with a specified value or 0 if no value is specified. Null values are values that are missing, empty, or undefined in Splunk. The fillnull command can replace null values for all fields or for specific fields. The fillnull command can take an optional argument called value that specifies the value to replace null values with. If no value argument is specified, the fillnull command will replace null values with 0 by default.
質問 # 62
What is the relationship between data models and pivots?
- A. Data models provide the datasets for pivots.
- B. Pivots provide the datasets for data models.
- C. Pivots and data models are the same thing.
- D. Pivots and data models have no relationship.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The relationship between data models and pivots is that data models provide the datasets for pivots. Data models are collections of datasets that represent your data in a structured and hierarchical way. Data models define how your data is organized into objects and fields. Pivots are user interfaces that allow you to create data visualizations that present different aspects of a data model. Pivots let you select options from menus and forms to create charts, tables, maps, etc., without writing any SPL code. Pivots use datasets from data models as their source of data. Pivots and data models are not the same thing, as pivots are tools for visualizing data models. Pivots do not provide datasets for data models, but rather use them as inputs.
Therefore, only statement A is true about the relationship between data models and pivots.
質問 # 63
What are the two parts of a root event dataset?
- A. Fields and variables.
- B. Constraints and fields.
- C. Constraints and lookups.
- D. Fields and attributes.
正解：B
解説：
Reference: https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/SplunkLight/7.3.5/GettingStarted/Designdatamodelobjects A root event dataset is the base dataset for a data model that defines the source or sources of the data and the constraints and fields that apply to the data1. A root event dataset has two parts: constraints and fields1. Constraints are filters that limit the data to a specific index, source, sourcetype, host or search string1. Fields are the attributes that describe the data and can be extracted, calculated or looked up1.
Therefore, option C is correct, while options A, B and D are incorrect.
質問 # 64
When using timechart, how many fields can be listed after a byclause?
- A. 1, because _time is already implied as the x-axis.
- B. 2, because one field would represent the x-axis and the other would represent the y-axis.
- C. There is no limit specific to timechart.
- D. 0, because timechart doesn't support using a by clause.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation/Reference: https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=7TlECgAAQBAJ&pg=PA72&lpg=PA72&dq=splunk+
+timechart+how+many+fields+can+be+listed+after+a+by
+clause&source=bl&ots=tdFvZfVkFE&sig=ACfU3U21ouOoL1ImlpUPtxysBhJ6bWakSA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ah UKEwiY4YXXn9fpAhWlsXEKHf8TD6YQ6AEwEHoECBUQAQ#v=onepage&q=splunk%20%20timechart%
20how%20many%20fields%20can%20be%20listed%20after%20a%20by%20clause&f=false
質問 # 65
What type of command is eval?
- A. Centralized streaming
- B. Streaming in some modes
- C. Distributable streaming
- D. Report generating
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is C. Distributable streaming. This is because the eval command is a type of command that
can run on the indexers before the results are sent to the search head. This reduces the amount of data that
needs to be transferred and improves the search performance. Distributable streaming commands can operate
on each event or result individually, without depending on other events or results.You can learn more about
the types of commands and how they affect search performance from the Splunk documentation1.
質問 # 66
Which of the following options will define the first event in a transaction?
- A. with
- B. startswith
- C. firstevent
- D. startingwith
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The correct answer is A. startswith.
The explanation is as follows:
The transaction command is used to find transactions based on events that meet various constraints12.
Transactions are made up of the raw text (the _raw field) of each member, the time and date fields of the earliest member, as well as the union of all other fields of each member1.
The startswith option is used to define the first event in a transaction by specifying a search term or an expression that matches the event13.
For example, | transaction clientip JSESSIONID startswith="view" will create transactions based on the clientip and JSESSIONID fields, and the first event in each transaction will contain the term "view" in the _raw field2.
質問 # 67
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