DASM日本語認定で究極のガイド [2026年更新]
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質問 # 25
プロジェクトライフサイクル全体に共通する 3 つのフェーズは何ですか? (3 つ選択してください)
- A. 遷移
- B. 構築
- C. インセプション
- D. インスピレーション
- E. 変調
正解：A、B、C
解説：
In Disciplined Agile (DA), the three common phases across project life cycles areInception, Construction, andTransition. These phases reflect the iterative and incremental approach of agile methodologies tailored to suit varying contexts.
* Inception: This phase is about getting things started properly. It includes initial planning activities such as defining the vision, developing a preliminary project plan, identifying stakeholders, securing funding, and setting up the initial environment.
* Construction: This phase focuses on developing a consumable solution in a series of iterations. The team builds, enhances, and evolves the solution to ensure that it meets stakeholders' needs while remaining aligned with the overarching vision and goals.
* Transition: The transition phase ensures that the solution is ready for delivery to the end-users or stakeholders. This includes final validation and verification activities, user training, deployment, and addressing any remaining issues.
These phases are common in the DA life cycles, reflecting the disciplined approach to managing complexity in various types of projects, from straightforward to highly complex, while supporting adaptability and continuous improvement.
質問 # 26
チームはエアレーションバックログの作業を予定より早く完了しました。イテレーションはまだ3日残っていますが、チームは次に何をすべきでしょうか？
- A. 他の作業を行う前に、他のグループが作業を完了するのを待ちます。
- B. プロダクトオーナーがさらに作業を割り当てられるまで、重要でないタスクに取り組みます。
- C. プロダクトオーナーと協力して、プロダクトバックログからイテレーションバックログにさらに多くの作業を引き出します。
- D. 完了時間の差を報告して、次の反復をより効率的に計画できるようにします。
正解：C
解説：
When a team completes their iteration backlog earlier than expected, the recommended approach in Disciplined Agile is to collaborate with the product owner to pull additional work from the product backlog into the iteration backlog. This approach maintains momentum and ensures that the team continues delivering value without waiting for the next iteration. It promotes agility and maximizes productivity by utilizing any remaining time effectively.
* A. Working on non-critical tasksorD. waiting for other groupsare not effective uses of the team's time and do not align with agile principles of continuous value delivery.
* C. Reporting differences in completion timehelps with future planning but does not address the immediate need to continue productive work.
Thus, the correct answer isB. Work with the product owner to pull more work from the product backlog into their iteration backlog.
質問 # 27
Disciplined Agile の原則の実用性を特徴付けるものは何ですか?
- A. できる限り効果的に、継続的に改善する
- B. アジャイルになるタイミングを特定する
- C. 必要に応じてリーン手法を適用する
- D. 状況に合わせて組織構造を調整する
正解：A
解説：
The Disciplined Agile (DA) principle of being pragmatic is characterized by the focus on "being as effective as you can and continuously improving." According to PMI's Disciplined Agile Toolkit, being pragmatic means applying an agile mindset that is not constrained by a rigid set of rules or practices. Instead, it emphasizes being practical and outcome-focused, aiming for the best results in each unique context while continually seeking opportunities for improvement.
Disciplined Agile promotes pragmatic decision-making by suggesting that teams should balance their approach by being both goal-driven and situation-aware. This means that instead of strictly adhering to a single agile framework or methodology, teams should assess their situation, leverage their experience, and apply the most suitable tools and techniques available. Furthermore, continuous improvement (Kaizen) is a fundamental aspect, meaning teams should regularly reflect on their practices and make iterative enhancements to achieve effectiveness.
This principle also aligns with DA's guidance to "Optimize Flow" and "Be Awesome," as it encourages teams to deliver value while recognizing that every situation might require different tools, techniques, and practices.
Thus, "D. Being as effective as you can and continuously improving" best captures the essence of DA's pragmatic approach.
質問 # 28
さまざまなアイデアを活用する不可知論的ハイブリッド手法として説明されるアプローチはどれですか?
- A. 反復
- B. アジャイル
- C. リーン
- D. ディシプリンド・アジャイル
正解：D
解説：
Disciplined Agileis described as anagnostic hybrid techniquethat draws upon many different ideas from multiple agile and lean frameworks. Unlike other agile methodologies that prescribe a specific set of practices, Disciplined Agile provides a toolkit that allows teams to choose and tailor their way of working based on their unique context, goals, and constraints. It integrates strategies from Scrum, Kanban, Lean, XP (Extreme Programming), SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework), and other approaches, providing a more flexible and adaptive approach to project management.
質問 # 29
カイゼン ループ戦略を拡張して、チームがそれぞれの状況で機能する可能性のある手法を特定できるようにする方法はどれですか。
- A. 明示的なワークフローポリシー
- B. 継続的な改善のガイド
- C. チーム間学習
- D. 実践コミュニティ
正解：B
解説：
The method that extends the Kaizen loop strategy to help teams identify techniques likely to work in their context isGuided continuous improvement. In the Disciplined Agile (DA) toolkit, guided continuous improvement refers to using a structured approach to learning and adaptation, where teams are provided with guidance and options based on proven practices. This helps teams apply Kaizen principles effectively in their unique environments by selecting and tailoring techniques that are most likely to yield positive results.
* A. Explicit workflow policiesrefer to defining specific rules about how work is managed but do not inherently guide continuous improvement.
* C. Communities of practiceinvolve groups that share knowledge, but they do not extend the Kaizen loop strategy directly.
* D. Cross-team learninghelps in sharing knowledge between teams but is not the method extending the Kaizen loop strategy.
Thus, the correct answer isB. Guided continuous improvementas it directly aligns with the aim of adapting the Kaizen strategy to specific contexts.
質問 # 30
バリュー ストリーム マップは、無駄を最小限に抑える方法を学ぶのにどのように役立ちますか?
- A. リーンが構築フェーズに集中できるようにすることで
- B. リーンがワークフロープロセスの遅延を減らすのを助けることによって
- C. チームが5つのなぜの根本原因分析法をストリームのすべての部分に適用できるように支援する
- D. チームが価値実現の道筋における問題領域を特定できるように支援することで
正解：D
解説：
Avalue stream mapis a Lean tool that helps teams visualize the flow of work and identify waste throughout the process of delivering a product or service. The primary purpose of a value stream map is tohelp the team identify problem areas or bottlenecksin the path to realizing value. By understanding where delays, excess inventory, or unnecessary steps occur, teams can target these areas for improvement, thereby minimizing waste and optimizing the flow of value to customers.
* B. Focusing on the construction phaseis not specific to minimizing waste across the entire value stream.
* C. Reducing delays in the workflow processis an outcome of identifying problem areas but not the direct function of value stream mapping.
* D. Applying the five Whys root cause methodis a separate Lean technique that can complement value stream mapping but is not its main purpose.
質問 # 31
プロジェクト ライフサイクルのどのフェーズで、共同作業と段階的な方法で消費可能なソリューションが開発されますか?
- A. 建設
- B. 実行
- C. インセプション
- D. 遷移
正解：A
解説：
In Disciplined Agile, theConstructionphase of the project life cycle is responsible for developing a consumable solution in a collaborative and incremental manner. During this phase, the team iteratively builds the solution, working closely with stakeholders to ensure that the product or service being developed meets their needs and expectations. The Construction phase emphasizes agility, collaboration, and incremental development, where the solution evolves through repeated iterations, incorporating feedback and improvements at each step. This approach helps to minimize risks, adapt to changes, and deliver value more frequently.
質問 # 32
反復の振り返りの目的は何ですか?
- A. チームがイテレーションで達成した成果を紹介します。
- B. 次のイテレーションのストーリーと具体的なタスクに優先順位を付けます。
- C. 知識と改善を次の反復に引き継ぎます。
- D. 進捗状況を確認し、遭遇した障害を記録します。
正解：C
解説：
The purpose of aniteration retrospectivein the Disciplined Agile framework is to reflect on the team's process and performance during the previous iteration to identify what went well and what can be improved.
The primary goal is to continuously improve by transferring the lessons learned, knowledge, and potential improvements to the next iteration. This aligns with Disciplined Agile's emphasis on continuous improvement and learning, which is critical to the team's effectiveness and efficiency.
The other options are not the primary focus of an iteration retrospective:
* A. To showcase what the team accomplished in an iterationis the purpose of an iteration review or demo, not a retrospective.
* C. To prioritize stories and concrete tasks for the next iterationis typically part of iteration planning.
* D. To identify progress and to note encountered impedimentsis also part of other ceremonies like daily standups but not the main focus of a retrospective.
Thus, the correct answer isB. To transfer knowledge and improvements to the next iteration, aligning with the Disciplined Agile framework's purpose for iteration retrospectives.
質問 # 33
最小限の機能を備えた製品 (MVP) とは、初期の顧客を満足させるのに十分な機能を備えた製品のことです。
- A. まだ販売できる状態ではありません。
- B. デモンストレーションのみに使用されます。
- C. 将来の製品開発のためのフィードバックを提供します。
- D. 開発の最後の反復になります。
正解：C
解説：
AMinimum Viable Product (MVP)is a product with just enough features to satisfy early customers and provide feedback for future product development. The MVP approach allows organizations to test their product hypothesis with minimal effort and investment, gather valuable user feedback, and make informed decisions about further development. By delivering a basic version of the product quickly, teams can learn from real-world use, validate assumptions, and iterate on the product to better meet customer needs in subsequent versions.
質問 # 34
Lean の概念は、非効率的な配分を示す 3 種類の逸脱を排除することを中心に開発されました。
- A. 締め切り
- B. 会議
- C. データ
- D. リソース
正解：D
解説：
The concept ofLeanwas developed around eliminating the three types of deviations that show inefficient allocation ofresources: Muda (waste), Mura (unevenness), and Muri (overburden). Lean principles focus on maximizing value by minimizing waste and optimizing the use of resources, such as time, effort, and materials. By identifying and eliminating these inefficiencies,organizations can ensure that resources are allocated effectively, reducing costs, improving quality, and increasing customer satisfaction.
質問 # 35
Disciplined Agile の考え方の 3 つの原則を特定します。(3 つ選択してください)
- A. 顧客を満足させる。
- B. 現実的になりましょう。
- C. 配信を加速する
- D. エンタープライズ認識。
- E. サーバント・リーダーになりましょう。
正解：A、B、D
解説：
The Disciplined Agile mindset includes principles that guide individuals and teams in making decisions and taking actions that align with Agile values and the specific context of their organization. Three principles of the Disciplined Agile mindset are:
* B. Enterprise awareness: Encourages teams to work with an understanding of their organization's goals, strategies, and needs, ensuring alignment and collaboration across teams and departments.
* C. Delight customers: Focuses on delivering high value and exceptional service to customers, ensuring that their needs are met or exceeded.
* E. Be pragmatic: Involves taking a practical and context-sensitive approach, applying tools and practices that best fit the situation rather than adhering strictly to a particular methodology.
Other options likeA. Accelerate deliveryandD. Be a servant leaderare relevant to Agile practices but are not explicitly stated as Disciplined Agile mindset principles.
Thus, the correct answers areB. Enterprise awareness,C. Delight customers, andE. Be pragmatic.
質問 # 36
カイゼン ループ戦略を拡張して、チームがそれぞれの状況で機能する可能性のある手法を特定できるようにする方法はどれですか。
- A. 明示的なワークフローポリシー
- B. 継続的な改善のガイド
- C. チーム間学習
- D. 実践コミュニティ
正解：B
質問 # 37
どの反復的な儀式中に誰かがフィードバックを得るべきでしょうか?
- A. 回顧録。
- B. 反復デモ。
- C. 反復計画。
- D. 毎日のスタンドアップ/調整ミーティング。
正解：B
解説：
During aniteration demo(also known as an iteration review), the team presents the work completed during the iteration to stakeholders and obtains feedback. This feedback is crucial for ensuring that the team is delivering the desired value and making adjustments as needed forfuture iterations. The demo provides an opportunity for the product owner and other stakeholders to inspect the product increment and provide input that can be used to refine the backlog and guide the team's efforts.
* B. Retrospectiveis focused on team improvement rather than obtaining product feedback.
* C. Iteration planningis for planning the work to be done, not gathering feedback.
* D. Daily stand-up/coordination meetingis used for team synchronization and does not involve external feedback.
質問 # 38
チームは最初にどのような目標図を選択する必要がありますか?
- A. 顧客と利害関係者によって選択された目標。
- B. 最も簡単に達成できる目標。
- C. チームの経験が最も少ないゴール
- D. チームのコンテキストとライトサイクルに最も関連性の高い目標。
正解：D
解説：
In Disciplined Agile, teams are encouraged to selectgoals that are most relevant to their context and life cycle. This approach ensures that the team focuses on achieving outcomes that align with their specific needs, challenges, and project phase. Goal diagrams in DA help teams visualize and prioritize their objectives, and by choosing goals most pertinent to their current context, teams can address the most critical aspects first and adjust their practices effectively.
質問 # 39
長く存続する（安定した）チームを持つことの利点は何でしょうか?
- A. 高度な協調性
- B. マルチタスク能力
- C. 特定のリソース
- D. 投影された
- E. 信頼できる
正解：A、E
解説：
A long-lived (or stable) team is a group of individuals who work together over an extended period, typically across multiple projects or product increments. In the context of PMI's Disciplined Agile (DA) framework, having a long-lived team is beneficial for several reasons:
* Trustworthy (A):As team members work together over time, they build a strong sense of trust. Trust within a team is foundational for effective collaboration, decision-making, and conflict resolution.
Team members learn to rely on each other's skills and knowledge, leading to more effective and efficient work processes. Disciplined Agile emphasizes creating environments where trust can be fostered, which is more easily achieved in stable, long-lived teams.
* Highly Collaborative (C):Long-lived teams develop a rhythm of working together, which leads to high levels of collaboration. As team members become more familiar with each other's working styles, strengths, and weaknesses, they can communicate more effectively, align on goals more quickly, and coordinate their efforts more efficiently. This heightened collaboration accelerates delivery, improves quality, and fosters continuous improvement-key principles in the Disciplined Agile toolkit.
Incorrect Options:
* B. Projectized:While the concept of a "projectized" organization focuses on structuring around projects, this does not inherently relate to the benefits of having a long-lived team. In contrast, Disciplined Agile promotes stable teams over project-centric teams to maximize the value delivery and learning curve.
* D. Specifically resourced:This option refers to the allocation of specific resources for projects or tasks, which does not directly align with the idea of having a stable, long-term team.
* E. Ability to multi-task:Multi-tasking is generally not considered a benefit within agile frameworks, including Disciplined Agile. Multi-tasking can lead to inefficiency and reduced focus, which goes against the principles of optimizing flow and delivering value quickly.
Thus, the most appropriate answers that align with the principles of Disciplined Agile areA.
TrustworthyandC. Highly collaborative
質問 # 40
ユーザーストーリーの機能ではないものはどれですか?
- A. 達成可能
- B. 交渉可能
- C. 推定可能
- D. テスト可能
正解：A
解説：
In agile practices, particularly in the context of user stories, the features are typically defined by the INVEST criteria: Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimable, Small, and Testable."Achievable"is not a standard feature of a user story. Instead, user stories should beNegotiable(they are not fixed, and details can be discussed),Estimable(it should be possible to estimate the effort required), andTestable(it should be possible to verify whether the story has been implemented correctly). Therefore, "Achievable" is not one of the features of a user story.
質問 # 41
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