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質問 # 14
Which sentence about the property decorator is false?
- A. The property decorator should be defined after the method that is responsible for setting an encapsulated attribute.
- B. The property decorator should be defined before the methods that are responsible for setting and deleting an encapsulated attribute
- C. The property decorator marks the method whose name will be used as the name of the instance attribute
- D. The @property decorator designates a method which is responsible for returning an attribute value
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The @property decorator should be defined after the method that is responsible for setting an encapsulated attribute is a false sentence. In fact, the @property decorator should be defined before the method that is used to set the attribute value. The @property decorator and the setter and deleter methods work together to create an encapsulated attribute, which is used to provide control over the attribute's value.
質問 # 15
Analyze the following snippet and decide whether the code is correct and/or which method should be distinguished as a class method.
- A. The getNumberofCrosswords () method should be decorated With @classmethod.
- B. There is only one initializer, so there is no need for a class method.
- C. The gexNumberOfcrosswords () and issrived methods should be decorated with @classzoechod.
- D. The code is erroneous.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The correct answer is B. The getNumberofCrosswords() method should be decorated with @classmethod. In the given code snippet, the getNumberofCrosswords method is intended to be a class method that returns the value of the numberofcrosswords class variable. However, the method is not decorated with the @classmethod decorator and does not take a cls parameter representing the class itself. To make getNumberofCrosswords a proper class method, it should be decorated with @classmethod and take a cls parameter as its first argument.
The getNumberofCrosswords() method should be decorated with @classmethod.
This is because the getNumberofCrosswords() method is intended to access the class-level variable numberofcrosswords, but it is defined as an instance method, which requires an instance of the class to be created before it can be called. To make it work as a class-level method, you can define it as a class method by adding the @classmethod decorator to the function.
Here's an example of how to define getNumberofCrosswords() as a class method:
classCrossword:
numberofcrosswords =0
def __init__(self, author, title):
self.author = author
self.title = title
Crossword.numberofcrosswords +=1
@classmethod
defgetNumberofCrosswords(cls):
returncls.numberofcrosswords
In this example, getNumberofCrosswords() is defined as a class method using the @classmethod decorator, and the cls parameter is used to access the class-level variable numberofcrosswords.
質問 # 16
What is true about the unbind_all () method?
(Select two answers.)
- A. It can be invoked from any widget
- B. It is parameterless
- C. It causes all the widgets to disappear
- D. It can be invoked from the main window widget only
正解：A、B
解説：
Explanation
The unbind_all() method in Tkinter is used to remove all event bindings from a widget. It is a method of the widget object and can be called on any widget in the Tkinter application. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
Option B is incorrect because the method can be called on any widget, not just the main window widget.
Option C is correct as unbind_all() does not take any parameters.
Option D is incorrect because the method only removes event bindings and does not cause the widgets to disappear.
So, the correct answers are A and C.
References:
* Tkinter documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.html#event-bindings
* Tkinter tutorial: https://www.python-course.eu/tkinter_events_binds.php
質問 # 17
Which of the following methods allow you to load a configuration using ConfigParser? (Select two answers.)
- A. read
- B. read_str
- C. read_conf
- D. read_dict
正解：A、B
解説：
Explanation
ConfigParser is a built-in library in Python that allows you to read and write configuration files. The read method is used to read the configuration file which can be in any of the supported file formats, such as INI, YAML, and JSON. The read_dict method is used to read the configuration from a Python dictionary. The read_conf and read_str options are not valid methods in the ConfigParser module.
Therefore, the correct options to load a configuration using ConfigParser are A. read and D. read_string.
質問 # 18
What does the term deserialization mean? Select the best answer.
- A. It is a process of converting the structure of an object into a stream of bytes
- B. It is another name for the data transmission process
- C. It is a process of assigning unique identifiers to every newly created Python object
- D. It is a process of creating Python objects based on sequences of bytes.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
answer A. Deserialization is the process of converting data that has been serialized or encoded in a specific format, back into its original form as an object or a data structure in memory. In Python, this typically involves creating Python objects based on sequences of bytes that have been serialized using a protocol such as JSON, Pickle, or YAML.
For example, if you have a Python object my_obj and you want to serialize it to a JSON string, you might do something like this:
importjson
serialized_obj = json.dumps(my_obj)
To deserialize the JSON string back into a Python object, you would use the json.loads() method:
deserialized_obj = json.loads(serialized_obj)
This would convert the JSON string back into its original Python object form.
質問 # 19
Analyze the following snippet and choose the best statement that describes it.
- A. Weapon is the value passed to an instance variable
- B. varl is the name of a global variable
- C. Excalibur is the value passed to an instance variable
- D. self. name is the name of a class variable.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The correct answer is C. Excalibur is the value passed to an instance variable. In the given code snippet, self.name is an instance variable of the Sword class. When an instance of the Sword class is created with varl = Sword('Excalibur'), the value 'Excalibur' is passed as an argument to the __init__ method and assigned to the name instance variable of the varl object.
The code defines a class called Sword with an __init__ method that takes one parameter name. When a new instance of the Sword class is created with varl = Sword('Excalibur'), the value of the 'Excalibur' string is passed as an argument to the __init__ method, and assigned to the self.name instance variable of the varl object.
質問 # 20
What is the result of the following code?
What is the result of the following code?
- A. Nothing will be displayed
- B. Debugging mode has been enabled Loading data...
- C. Loading data...
- D. Debugging mode has been enabled
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
This statement is true because the code uses the logging module to create a logger object and set its level to logging.INFO. The logging module provides a way of reporting events that occur during the execution of a program. The logging level determines which events are reported and which are ignored. The logging module defines five levels of severity: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL. The lower the level, the more events are reported.
The code then uses the logger object to log two messages: one with the level logging.DEBUG and one with the level logging.INFO. The logger object only reports the messages that have a level equal or higher than its own level. Therefore, the message with the level logging.DEBUG is ignored, while the message with the level logging.INFO is reported. The default format for reporting messages is "level name: message". Therefore, the output of the code is:
INFO: Loading data...
質問 # 21
What is true about the invocation of the cget () method?
- A. It can be replaced with a dictionary-like access manner.
- B. It can be used to read widget attributes.
- C. It has the same effect as the config () method.
- D. It can be used to set new values to widget attributes.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The cget() method in Python is used to read the configuration options of a widget in Tkinter. It retrieves the value of a specified configuration option for a Tkinter widget. Hence, option A is the correct answer.
質問 # 22
Select the true statement related to PEP 257.
- A. String literals that occur immediately after a simple assignment at the top level of a module are called complementary docstrings
- B. String Iiterals that occur in places other than the first statement in a module, function, or class definition can act as documentation They are recognized by the Python bytecode compiler and are accessible as runtime object attributes
- C. Attribute docstrings and Additional docstrings are two types of extra docstrings that can be extracted by software tools.
- D. String literals that occur immediately after another docstring are called attribute docstrings.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The true statement related to PEP 257 is Option B. According to PEP 257, string literals occurring elsewhere in Python code may also act as documentation. They are not recognized by the Python bytecode compiler and are not accessible as runtime object attributes (i.e. not assigned to doc), but two types of extra docstrings may be extracted by software tools: String literals occurring immediately after a simple assignment at the top level of a module, class, or init method are called "attribute docstrings". String literals occurring immediately after another docstring are called "additional docstrings"1.
質問 # 23
Which of the following examples using line breaks and different indentation methods are compliant with PEP
8 recommendations? (Select two answers.)
- A.
- B.
- C.
- D.
正解：A、B
解説：
Explanation
The correct answers are B. Option B and D. Option D. Both options B and D are compliant with PEP 8 recommendations for line breaks and indentation. PEP 8 recommends using 4 spaces per indentation level and breaking lines before binary operators. In option B, the arguments to the print function are aligned with the opening delimiter, which is another acceptable way toformat long lines according to PEP 8. In option D, the second line is indented by 4 spaces to distinguish it from the next logical line.
質問 # 24
If purple can be obtained from mixing red and blue, which color codes represent the two ingredients? Select two answers)
- A. #0000FF
- B. #FFFFFF
- C. #FF0000
- D. #000000
正解：A、C
質問 # 25
What is true about type in the object-oriented programming sense?
- A. It is an object used to instantiate a class
- B. It is a built-in method that allows enumeration of composite objects
- C. It is the bottommost type that any object can inherit from.
- D. It is the topmost type that any class can inherit from
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
In Python, type is the built-in metaclass that serves as the base class for all new-style classes. All new-style classes in Python, including built-in types like int and str, are instances of the type metaclass and inherit from it.
質問 # 26
Which one of the following methods allows you to debug an XML tree in the xml.etree ELementTree module?
- A. parse
- B. debug
- C. dump
- D. log
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The dump() method in the xml.etree.ElementTree module allows you to output a debug representation of an XML tree to a file or standard output. This method is useful for analyzing the structure of the tree and tracking down errors.
質問 # 27
Select the true statements about the following invocation:
(Select two answers.)
- A. It addresses a service located at the following address local.host.com.
- B. It addresses a service deployed at localhost (the host where the code is run).
- C. It addresses a service whose timeout is set to 3000 ms.
- D. It addresses a service listening at port 3000.
正解：B、D
解説：
Explanation
It addresses a service deployed at localhost (the host where the code is run).
This statement is true because localhost is a special hostname that refers to the local machine or the current host where the code is run. It is equivalent to using the IP address 127.0.0.1, which is the loopback address of the network interface. By using localhost as the hostname, the invocation addresses a service that is deployed on the same machine as the client.
It addresses a service listening at port 3000.
This statement is true because port 3000 is the part of the URL that follows the colon after the hostname. It specifies the port number where the service is listening for incoming requests. A port number is a 16-bit integer that identifies a specific process or application on a host. By using port 3000, the invocation addresses a service that is listening at that port.
It addresses a service whose timeout is set to 3000 ms.
This statement is false because timeout is not a part of the URL, but a parameter that can be passed to the requests.get () function in Python. Timeout specifies how long to wait for the server to send data before giving up. It is measured in seconds, not milliseconds. By using timeout=3, the invocation sets the timeout to 3 seconds, not 3000 ms.
It addresses a service located at the following address local.host.com.
This statement is false because local.host.com is not the same as localhost. Local.host.com is a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) that consists of three parts: local, host, and com. It requires DNS resolution to map it to an IP address. Localhost, on the other hand, is a special hostname that does not require DNS resolution and always maps to 127.0.0.1. By using localhost as the hostname, the invocation does not address a service located at local.host.com.
References:
https://docs.python.org/3/library/requests.html : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Localhost :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_(computer_networking) :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fully_qualified_domain_name
質問 # 28
Analyze the following function and choose the statement that best describes it.
- A. The function is erroneous.
- B. It is an example of a decorator that can trigger an infinite recursion.
- C. It is an example of a decorator that accepts its own arguments.
- D. It is an example of decorator stacking.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
In the given code snippet, the repeat function is a decorator that takes an argument num_times specifying the number of times the decorated function should be called. The repeat function returns an inner function wrapper_repeat that takes a function func as an argument and returns another inner function wrapper that calls func num_times times.
The provided code snippet represents an example of a decorator that accepts its own arguments.
The @decorator_function syntax is used to apply the decorator_function to the some_function function.
The decorator_function takes an argument arg1 and defines an inner function wrapper_function that takes the original function func as its argument. The wrapper_function then returns the result of calling func, along with the arg1 argument passed to the decorator_function.
Here is an example of how to use this decorator with some_function:
@decorator_function("argument 1")
defsome_function():
return"Hello world"
When some_function is called, it will first be passed as an argument to the decorator_function.
The decorator_function then adds the string "argument 1" to the result of calling some_function() and returns the resulting string. In this case, the final output would be "Hello world argument 1".
質問 # 29
Look at the following code snippets and decide which ones follow PEP 8 recommendations for whitespacesin expressions and statements(Select two answers.)
- A. A whitespace immediately before a comma,semicolon, and colon:
- B. No whitespace between a trailing comma and a following closing parenthesis:
- C. No whitespace immediately before the opening parenthesis that starts the list of arguments of a function call:
- D. A whitespace immediately after the opening parenthesis that starts indexing or slicing:
正解：B、C
解説：
Explanation
Option A is true because PEP 8 recommends avoiding extraneous whitespace immediately inside parentheses, brackets or braces 1.
Option C is true because PEP 8 recommends avoiding extraneous whitespace between a trailing comma and a following close parenthesis 1.
質問 # 30
What is true about the unbind () method? (Select two answers.)
- A. It needs a widget's object as an argument
- B. It is invoked from within a widget's object
- C. It is invoked from within the events object
- D. It needs the event name as an argument
正解：B、D
解説：
Explanation
Option B is true because the unbind() method is invoked from within a widget's object 1.
Option D is true because the unbind() method needs the event name as an argument 1.
The unbind() method in Tkinter is used to remove a binding between an event and a function. It can be invoked from within a widget's object when a binding is no longer needed. The method requires the event name as an argument to remove the binding for that specific event. For example:
button = tk.Button(root, text="Click me")
button.bind("<Button-1>", callback_function) # bind left mouse click event to callback_function button.unbind("<Button-1>") # remove the binding for the left mouse click event
質問 # 31
Select the true statements related to PEP 8 naming conventions. (Select two answers.)
- A. Modules should have short names written in CameICase.
- B. Constants should be written in all lower-case letters with words separated by underscores
- C. Function and variable names should be lower-case with words separated by underscores.
- D. You should always use self as the first argument to instance methods, and cls as the first argument to class methods.
正解：B、C
解説：
Explanation
Option A is true because PEP 8 recommends that function and variable names should be lowercase, with words separated by underscores .
Option D is true because PEP 8 recommends that constants should be written in all capital letters with words separated by underscores .
PEP 8 is the official style guide for Python code. It provides guidelines for how to write readable code that follows consistent naming conventions. The aim of PEP 8 is to improve the readability of Python code and make it easier to understand and maintain.
According to PEP 8, variable and function names should be written in all lower-case letters with words separated by underscores, as stated in A. Constants, which are variables whose value is expected to remain constant throughout the code, should be written in all upper-case letters with words separated by underscores, as stated in D.
References:
* PEP 8 -- Style Guide for Python Code: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
* Python Documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/classes.html#classmethods-and-staticmethods
質問 # 32
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