[2026年03月]更新のLEED-Green-Associate日本語問題集完全版解答でUSGBC LEED試験学習ガイド
試験問題と解答LEED-Green-Associate日本語学習ガイド
質問 # 143
材料とリソースのカテゴリの単位は何に重点を置いていますか?
- A. 建築資材のライフサイクル全体に関連する内在する影響を最小限に抑える
- B. プロジェクトで使用する材料の量を減らす
- C. 従来の建築材料よりもエネルギー効率の高い材料を選択する
- D. プロジェクトチームが最小のコストで最大の環境効果をもたらす材料を選択できるように支援します
正解：A
解説：
The Materials and Resources (MR) category focuses on reducing the environmental, economic, and social impacts of building materials from extraction to disposal12. It encourages the use of materials that have lower embodied energy, less waste, more recycled content, and better life-cycle performance12.
LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S. Green Building Council1 Credit's Supporting LEED's Materials and Resources Category | Legrand2
質問 # 144
あるビル管理者は、既存のボイラーの運転コストと、より効率的な新しいボイラーを購入して運用した場合のコストを比較しています。ビル管理者は、初期費用は高額ですが、新しいボイラーを購入することでシステムの運用コストを大幅に削減できることを発見しました。この作業は「ボイラーの運転コスト削減」と呼ばれます。
- A. ライフサイクルコスト
- B. ライフサイクルアセスメント
- C. バリューエンジニアリング
- D. 統合設計
正解：A
解説：
Life-cycle costing is an economic analysis method that considers all costs associated with an asset over its entire life cycle, from acquisition and installation to operation, maintenance, and disposal. In this case, the building manager is comparing the total costs of owning and operating two different boilers over their respective lifetimes. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 145
建築計画の周囲によって定義されるプロジェクトエリアは、建物の
- A. 封筒
- B. シェル
- C. 密度
- D. フットプリント
正解：D
解説：
The footprint of a building is the area of ground that it covers, defined by its perimeter. It's essentially the shape that results when you trace around the outer walls of a building plan. This term is used in architecture and urban planning to describe the space that a building occupies on a site. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 146
最小エネルギー性能の前提条件と最小室内空気質性能の前提条件の要件をサポートしている標準化団体は次のどれですか。
- A. 国際規格協議会
- B. エネルギースター
- C. ASHRAE
- D. スマクナ
正解：C
解説：
LEED uses specific ASHRAE standards for energy and indoor air quality:
"ASHRAE 90.1-2010 is used for Minimum Energy Performance..."
"ASHRAE 62.1-2010 is used for Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance..." SMACNA is related to construction air quality, not performance standards.
質問 # 147
建築設計および建設 (BD+C) プロジェクトが認定を受けるために必要な最小延床面積はどれくらいですか?
- A. 750平方フィート（70平方メートル）
- B. 500平方フィート（46平方メートル）
- C. 1000 tt2 (93 m2)
- D. 250平方フィート（23平方メートル）
正解：C
解説：
The LEED minimum program requirements state that for LEED BD+C and LEED O+M rating systems, the LEED project must include a minimum of 1000 ft2 (93 m2) of gross floor area1.
LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide
LEED minimum program requirements
LEED For Building Design And Construction (LEED BD+C) Rating Systems In Details
質問 # 148
道路、駐車場、タールを塗った屋根などの暗い表面に起因する開発地域の気温上昇は、
- A. 温室効果ガス
- B. 放射率
- C. ヒートアイランド現象
- D. 地球温暖化
正解：C
解説：
The increase in air temperature in a developed area resulting from the dark surfaces of roadways, parking lots, and tarred rooftops is known as heat island effect. Heat island effect is a phenomenon whereby urban areas experience higher temperatures than rural areas due to the absorption and re-emission of solar heat by man- made surfaces. Heat island effect can have negative impacts on human health, energy consumption, air quality, and climate change. Some strategies to reduce heat island effect include increasing vegetation cover, using reflective or green roofs, using cool or permeable pavements, and enhancing natural ventilation.
References: LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Sustainable Sites, page 35 ; EPA Heat Island Effect website 1
質問 # 149
LEEDにおけるライフサイクルアセスメントの目的は、潜在的な
- A. 材料のライフサイクルを通じた安全性への影響
- B. 建物のライフサイクルを通じた環境への影響
- C. 建物のライフサイクル全体にわたるコストの影響
- D. 人間は物質のライフサイクルを通じて物質に影響を与える
正解：B
解説：
The purpose of a life-cycle assessment (LCA) in LEED is to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a building through its life-cycle, from the extraction of raw materials, to the manufacturing, transportation, installation, use, maintenance, and disposal or recycling of building materials and products1. LCA can help project teams to compare different design options and select the ones that minimize the environmental impacts of the building, such as global warming potential, ozone depletion potential, acidification potential, eutrophicationpotential, and smog formation potential12. LCA can also help projects earn points for the LEED v4 Building Design and Construction category under the Building Life-Cycle Impact Reductioncredit, which rewards projects for reducing the life-cycle impacts of their structure and enclosure by at least 10% compared to a baseline
質問 # 150
既存の建物を現在の用途により適したものにするシステムの改善を識別および認識するために、既存の建物に対して実行されるプロセスは何ですか?
- A. 基本的なコミッショニング（Cx）
- B. ライフサイクルアセスメント
- C. エネルギーモデリング
- D. レトロコミッショニング
正解：D
解説：
Retrocommissioning is a process applied to existing buildings to ensure that they continue to perform optimally for the current use. This process involves checking systems to see if they function as intended, making necessary repairs or improvements, and ensuring that building staff are trained in the operation and maintenance of systems. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 151
土木技術者は、プロジェクト現場で発生する洪水を防ぐため、雨水管理戦略を策定したいと考えています。建物と周辺地域への雨水被害を防ぐには、どのような設計手法を用いるべきでしょうか？
- A. 敷地を不浸透性の材料で舗装する
- B. 河川への直接流出
- C. 敷地を高太陽光反射率（SRI）材料で舗装する
- D. バイオスウェールをインストールする
正解：D
解説：
Installing a bioswale is a design technique that should be used to help prevent stormwater damage to the building and surrounding site. A bioswale is a vegetated channel that conveys stormwater runoff while filtering pollutants, reducing peak flow rates, increasing infiltration, and providing habitat. A bioswale can help prevent stormwater damage by reducing erosion, flooding, sedimentation, and contamination of waterways. The other options are not design techniques that should be used to help prevent stormwater damage to the building and surrounding site. Directing runoff into a stream is a design technique that can cause stormwater damage by increasing the volume and velocity of water entering the stream, resulting in erosion, flooding, sedimentation, and contamination of the stream. Paving the site with high Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) material is a design technique that can reduce the heat island effect by reflecting more solar radiation than conventional paving materials, but it does not prevent stormwater damage as it does not reduce runoff or improve water quality. Paving the site with impervious material is a design technique that can cause stormwater damage by preventing infiltration and increasing runoff, resulting in erosion, flooding, sedimentation, and contamination of waterways. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, page 32; USGBC [Sustainable Sites], page 4-5.
質問 # 152
室内環境品質クレジット カテゴリを構成するコンポーネントは次のどれですか。
- A. リサイクル素材、低揮発性有機化合物（VOC）排出素材、非点源汚染
- B. 光、音、居住者の体験
- C. エネルギー、敷地、水の削減
- D. 地域のつながり、タバコの煙の抑制、グリーンクリーニング
正解：B
解説：
Light, sound, occupant experience are some of the components that comprise the Indoor Environmental Quality credit category. The Indoor Environmental Quality credit category aims to provide a healthy, comfortable, and productive indoor environment for building occupants by addressing various factors that affect their well-being, such as thermal comfort, lighting quality, acoustic quality, air quality, and occupant control. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the intents of the Indoor Environmental Quality category is to "enhance indoor environmental quality (IEQ) by improving the design, construction and operation of buildings" [1, p. 16]. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook,
[Indoor Environmental Quality | U.S. Green Building Council]
質問 # 153
施設内に持ち込まれるほこり、汚れ、汚染物質を削減するために使用される恒久的な入口システムの例となる戦略はどれですか?
- A. 温熱快適性調査の実施
- B. すべての入口にセンサーを設置する
- C. 屋外空気監視装置の設置
- D. すべての主要な出入り口に格子、格子、またはマットを設置する
正解：D
解説：
Placing grilles, grates or mats at all major entrances is an example of permanent entryway systems used to reduce dust, dirt and contaminants brought into a facility. Permanent entryway systems are designed to capture dirt and particulates from people's shoes and prevent them from entering the indoor environment.
This improves the indoor air quality and reduces the need for cleaning and maintenance. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the strategies for achieving indoor environmental quality is to "use permanent entryway systems (grilles, grates, mats) to reduce particulate matter being brought into buildings at regular entryways" [1, p. 16]. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, [Indoor Environmental Quality | U.S. Green Building Council]
質問 # 154
新しい建物を建てる場所のどこが、温室効果ガスの排出量削減に最も大きな影響を与えるでしょうか?
- A. 経済開発地区
- B. 以前に開発されたサイト
- C. ブラウンフィールドの場所
- D. 郊外ではなく都市中心部
正解：D
解説：
LEED promotes compact, transit-rich locations:
"Locating a project in an area that supports walking, biking, and mass transit... will result in lower GHG emissions from reduced car travel." Urban centers offer the best access to alternative transport and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
質問 # 155
設計と構築のプロセス全体を通じてチーム メンバーが協力し、相乗効果のあるソリューションを作成することを奨励する用語は次のどれですか。
- A. カート
- B. 統合設計
- C. ライフサイクル分析
- D. トリプルボトムライン
正解：B
解説：
Integrative design is the term that encourages team members to collaborate throughout the process of design and construction to create synergistic solutions. Integrative design is an approach that considers the interrelationships among various building systems, environmental factors, and occupant needs, and seeks to optimize the performance, cost, and environmental benefits of the project. The LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook states that one of the intents of the Integrative Process category is to "support high- performance, cost-effective project outcomes through an early analysis of the interrelationships among systems" [1, p. 12]. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, [Integrative Design Process | Whole Building Design Guide]
質問 # 156
プロジェクトの総床面積の 55% が LEED BD+C 認証に適切であり、45% が LEED O+M 認証に適切である場合、プロジェクトではどの評価システムを使用する必要がありますか?
- A. LEED BD+C
- B. LEEDグリーンアソシエイトは、
- C. プロジェクトチームはどの評価システムが最も適切かを決定する必要があります
- D. LEED O+M
正解：C
解説：
LEED allows flexibility:
"If a project has overlapping eligibility, the project team must choose the rating system that best aligns with the majority of the project scope." The team determines applicability based on scope and use.
質問 # 157
エネルギーと大気に関して、環境上の懸念事項は次のどれですか?
- A. 換気レベル
- B. 在来種の使用
- C. 乗員の快適性
- D. リソース枯渇
正解：D
解説：
Resource depletion is a major environmental concern related to energy use. The extraction and use of non- renewable energy resources (such as fossil fuels) can lead to their depletion over time. This is why strategies that reduce energy use or utilize renewable energy sources are important in green building practices. References: LEED Green Associate Candidate Handbook, U.S. Green Building Council resources
質問 # 158
どの LEED 戦略がフットプリントを小さくし、容積率を最大化しますか?
- A. 密度を上げる
- B. 人口を増やす
- C. 周囲の多様性を高める
- D. 建物の周囲のハードスケープを増やす
正解：A
解説：
Increasing density means building more units or floor area on a given site, which reduces the amount of land and resources needed per unit or occupant1. This also creates a smaller footprint and maximizes the floor area ratio (FAR), which is the ratio of the total building floor area to the site area2. Increasing density can help achieve creditsin the Location and Transportation category, such as Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses3.
LEED v4: Neighborhood Development Guide | U.S. Green Building Council1
Floor Area Ratio - Planning Department2
LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S. Green Building Council3
質問 # 159
地域優先クレジットの目的は、プロジェクトチームにインセンティブを与えることです。
- A. 設計チームでLEED APを使用する
- B. 環境教育と環境擁護活動の強化
- C. 国内の特定の地域のニーズを、他の地域よりも環境への影響が大きいニーズに優先させる
- D. 地域特有の環境問題に対処する単位を取得する
正解：D
解説：
Regional priority credits are bonus points that are awarded to projects that achieve credits that address geographically specific environmental, social equity and public health priorities. These credits are not new LEED credits, but instead are existing credits that USGBC regional councils and chapters have designated as being particularly important for their areas. The goal of regional priority credits is to incentivize project teams to address the most critical and relevant environmental issues in their regions, such as water scarcity, air quality, habitat loss, or social equity12. Regional priority credits are based on the project's geolocation (latitude and longitude coordinates), which can be entered and confirmed during project registration in LEED Online2. Each project can earn up to four regional priority bonus points, one for each regional priority credit achieved3.
質問 # 160
要素をリンクして機能との関係を形成することで、材料と資源の保全を促進するアプローチのタイプを選択します。
- A. オープンフロー
- B. クローズドフロー
- C. オープンシステム
- D. クローズドシステム
正解：D
解説：
Closed systems are systems that promote the conservation of materials and resources by linking elements in order to form relationships with their function. Closed systems aim to minimize waste, energy loss, and environmental impact by reusing, recycling, or regenerating materials within the system boundaries. Closed systems can be inspired by natural ecosystems, where waste from one process becomes food for another process. An example of a closed system is a building that collects rainwater for irrigation, uses solar panels for electricity, composts organic waste forfertilizer, and recycles greywater for flushing toilets1 . References:
LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook1, Biomimicry Institute's What is Biomimicry?
質問 # 161
次のシナリオのうち、プロジェクトが最も多くの LEED ポイントを獲得するのに役立つ可能性のあるものはどれですか?
- A. 多様性に富み、歩きやすいビジネス地区と中央交通の接続性を備えた大規模な建物を改修する
- B. 州間高速道路と既存のショッピングモールの近くにオフィスとアパートの建物を建設する
- C. 市街地外の低密度地域にある廃墟となったショッピングモールを改修する
- D. 環境への影響を軽減するために、市外の未開発地域に低密度プロジェクトを建設する
正解：A
解説：
This scenario would potentially help a project earn the most LEED points because it aligns with the goals and criteria of the LEED v4 Location and Transportation category,which aims to reduce the environmental and human health impacts of transportation and promote sustainable site selection1. By renovating a large building in a diverse, walkable business district and central transit connectivity, the project can:
* Preserve existing buildings and reduce the demand for new construction materials and land development2
* Enhance the livability, vitality, and diversity of the urban area and support mixed-use development3
* Provide access to quality transit options and reduce the reliance on private vehicles, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and encourage alternative modes of travel4
* Support walkability and connectivity to various amenities and services within walking distance5
* Avoid locating on sensitive lands or prime farmland that could support open space, habitat, or agriculture These strategies can help the project earn points for various credits under theLocation and Transportation category, such as LEED for Neighborhood Development Location, Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses, Access to Quality Transit, Bicycle Facilities, Reduced Parking Footprint, High Priority Site and Equitable Development1.
質問 # 162
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