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質問 # 46
Which of the following statements about the return of internal resources to an operational role when closing a temporary Programme Office are true?
1. Feedback to the line manager should be given on performance
2. Staff members will be reluctant to return if they are to lose status
- A. Both 1 and 2 are true
- B. Only 1 is true
- C. Only 2 is true
- D. Neither 1 or 2 is true
正解：A
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual confirms both statements are true regarding resource return from a temporary Programme Office. Section 4.4.4 states, "Feedback on performance should be provided to line managers to support staff development," and "Staff may be reluctant to return if they perceive a loss of status or responsibility." The 2013 edition acknowledges these human resource dynamics, emphasizing the need for performance feedback to aid reintegration and recognizing status loss as a barrier. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as both factors are relevant, ensuring smooth transition and morale management during closure.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 4.4.4, AXELOS.
質問 # 47
Which P3O model features a single permanent office providing strategic planning and portfolio support?
- A. P3O model with Hub Portfolio Offices
- B. Flexible resource pool
- C. Organization Portfolio Office
- D. Virtual Office
正解：C
解説：
The Organization Portfolio Office (OPO) is a single permanent office designed to provide strategic planning and portfolio support, as per the P3O Foundation (2013) manual. Section 5.3.2 states, "The Organization Portfolio Office is a centralized, permanent entity that delivers strategic planning, portfolio prioritization, and oversight across the organization." This contrasts with Hub Portfolio Offices (A), which are decentralized with local support, Virtual Offices (C), which are temporary and flexible, and Flexible Resource Pools (D), which focus on resource allocation rather than strategic functions. The 2013 edition highlights the OPO's role in aligning the entire change portfolio with organizational strategy, making it the correct model for this purpose. This centralized approach ensures consistent governance and decision-making.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 5.3.2, AXELOS.
質問 # 48
What is defined as a temporary, flexible organization created to coordinate the implementation of a set of related projects and activities?
- A. Portfolio
- B. Project
- C. Programme
- D. Business as usual
正解：C
解説：
A programme is defined as a temporary, flexible organization created to coordinate the implementation of a set of related projects and activities, according to the P3O Foundation (2013) manual. Section 2.1.1 states,
"A programme is a temporary flexible organization structure created to coordinate, direct and oversee the implementation of a set of related projects and activities in order to deliver outcomes and benefits aligned with an organization's strategic objectives." This distinguishes it from business as usual (B), which is ongoing operations, projects (C), which are individual initiatives, and portfolios (D), which manage a group of programmes and projects. The 2013 edition emphasizes the programme's role in delivering coordinated change, making A the correct choice. This definition supports the P3O's function of aligning such structures with strategic goals, ensuring effective change management.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 2.1.1, AXELOS.
質問 # 49
What resource commitments should be taken into account as part of portfolio management?
- A. Programme, project, and business as usual
- B. Programme and project only
- C. Business as usual only
- D. Programme and business as usual only
正解：A
解説：
Portfolio management, as per the P3O Foundation (2013) manual, requires consideration of resource commitments across programme, project, and business as usual (BAU) activities to ensure effective resource allocation and optimization. Section 2.2.3 states, "Portfolio management involves balancing resource commitments across programmes, projects, and BAU to deliver strategic objectives." This holistic approach ensures that resources are not siloed but are managed to support the entire organizational change agenda.
Excluding any one of these elements (A, B, C) would undermine the integrated nature of portfolio management, which aims to align all change initiatives with BAU operations. The 2013 guidance emphasizes this integrated resource view to avoid conflicts and maximize value, as detailed in the portfolio support office functions. This comprehensive resource management is a cornerstone of the P3O model, ensuring strategicalignment and operational efficiency.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 2.2.3, AXELOS.
質問 # 50
Why is the same function carried out with a different focus by different offices within a P3O model?
- A. To consider risk from a strategic viewpoint
- B. To understand the capability to be delivered by the being supported
- C. To provide appropriate decision support to the customers of each office
- D. To provide ongoing prioritization of change initiatives
正解：C
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual explains that the same function is performed with different focuses by various P3O offices to provide tailored decision support. Section 5.3.1 states, "Different offices within a P3O model perform the same functions with varying focuses to deliver appropriate decision support tailored to the needs of their specific customers, such as portfolio or programme teams." This contrasts with prioritization (A), capability understanding (B), or strategic risk (D), which are specific outcomes rather than the reason for focus variation. The 2013 edition highlights this customization to meet diverse organizational needs, enhancing efficiency and relevance. This approach supports effective governance across levels.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 5.3.1, AXELOS.
質問 # 51
Which is a purpose of getting senior managers to buy into the benefits a P3O will deliver?
- A. Contribute to planning tranches of delivery
- B. Use their influence to champion the change
- C. Implement appropriate PPM tools
- D. Document the desired future state
正解：B
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual states that getting senior managers to buy into P3O benefits aims to leverage their influence to champion the change. Section 4.2.2 notes, "Securing buy-in from senior managers enables them to use their influence to champion the P3O model, driving organizational acceptance and support." This differs from planning tranches (A), documenting the future state (B), or implementing tools (D), which are operational tasks. The 2013 edition emphasizes leadership support as critical for overcoming resistance and ensuring strategic alignment during implementation. This advocacy ensures the P3O's success and adoption across the organization.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 4.2.2, AXELOS.
質問 # 52
Which occurs when the P3O implementation programme is closed?
- A. Vision Statement is to reflect delivery
- B. Risks to the implementation are captured
- C. P3O capability becomes business as usual
- D. Blueprint is produced to document processes
正解：C
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual states that when the P3O implementation programme closes, the P3O capability becomes business as usual. Section 4.4.5 notes, "Upon closure of the implementation programme, the P3O capability is fully integrated into business as usual, marking the end of the transition phase." This differs from updating the Vision (A), producing the Blueprint (B), or capturing risks (C), which occur earlier.
The 2013 edition emphasizes this transition to ensure operational sustainability, aligning with the P3O's long- term role. This finalizes the implementation lifecycle.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 4.4.5, AXELOS.
質問 # 53
Which factor will NOT influence the size of a P3O?
- A. Size of the programmes and projects it will support
- B. Budget of the programmes and projects it will
- C. Number and type of functions it will deliver
- D. Training requirements for its members of staff
正解：D
解説：
The size of a P3O, according to the P3O Foundation (2013) manual, is influenced by factors such as the number and type of functions (A), the size of programmes and projects (B), and the budget available (C), as these directly impact resource and structural needs. Section 5.2.1 states, "The size and complexity of a P3O are determined by the scope of functions, the scale of supported programmes/projects, and the allocated budget." However, training requirements for staff (D) do not directly determine the P3O's size but rather its operational capability and efficiency post-establishment. The 2013 guidance focuses on structural and financial factors for sizing, with training addressed as a support function (Section 7.4) to enhance skills, not as a size determinant. This distinction ensures the P3O is scaled appropriately to its strategic role, not its training needs.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Sections 5.2.1 and 7.4, AXELOS.
質問 # 54
Which is a typical information assurance role of a P3O?
- A. Booking for operational staff
- B. Providing capacity planning for the portfolio
- C. Escalating issues to senior management
- D. Ensuring data security are assessed at the beginning of each project
正解：D
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual identifies ensuring data security assessment at project initiation as a typical information assurance role. Section 7.3.2 states, "The P3O ensures data security and integrity are assessed at the beginning of each project to support reliable decision-making and compliance." This differs from issue escalation (A), capacity planning (B), or staff booking (D), which are operational or resource- related. The 2013 edition emphasizes this role in maintaining high-quality information, a cornerstone of P3O' s governance support. This ensures trust and accuracy in data used across change initiatives.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 7.3.2, AXELOS.
質問 # 55
What is used to measure the success of a P3O?
- A. Principles for extracting value
- B. P3O Value Matrix
- C. Key Performance Indicators
- D. Complexity modelling
正解：C
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual specifies that Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are used to measure the success of a P3O. Section 7.3.1 states, "Key Performance Indicators are employed to measure the success of a P3O, assessing its contribution to strategic objectives, risk balance, and benefits realization." This differs from value extraction principles (A), the P3O Value Matrix (B), which aids design, or complexity modelling (D), which analyzes systems. The 2013 edition highlights KPIs as a quantitative tool to evaluate P3O effectiveness, ensuring accountability and continuous improvement. This supports organizational decision- making and justification.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 7.3.1, AXELOS.
質問 # 56
Which is NOT a specific area where KPIs should be set as a minimum to measure a P3O model's success?
- A. Enhanced contribution to strategic objectives
- B. Reduced cost of skilled resources
- C. Improved portfolio balance in terms of overall risk
- D. Overall programme success rates in relation to benefits realization
正解：B
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual specifies that KPIs for measuring P3O success should focus on strategic and performance outcomes, not cost reduction of skilled resources. Section 7.3.1 states, "Key Performance Indicators for a P3O should include enhanced contribution to strategic objectives, improved portfolio risk balance, and programme success in benefits realization." Reduced cost of skilled resources (A) is not listed as a minimum KPI, as it relates to operational efficiency rather than the P3O's core success metrics. The 2013 edition prioritizes outcome-based measures to align with strategic goals, ensuring the P3O' s value is assessed through effectiveness (B, C, D) rather than cost savings. This focus supports robust governance and decision-making.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 7.3.1, AXELOS.
質問 # 57
What should a P3O recommend for 'must do' changes?
- A. Should be included in the portfolio to maintain business as usual
- B. Should be stopped immediately
- C. Should be realigned to existing objectives
- D. Must be completed before new changes are started
正解：C
解説：
The Portfolio, Programme, and Project Office (P3O) is a framework that provides guidance on how to set up and maintain effective support structures for portfolio, program, and project management. A key function of a P3O is to ensure that all changes and initiatives within an organization are aligned with its strategic objectives.
質問 # 58
Which of the following are recommended for the implementation of a P3O model?
1. Follow a recognized programme or project methodology
2. Define a budget and associated timescales to deliver
3. Appoint a P3O Sponsor
4. Use a programme approach to implement a single office P3O staffed by one individual
- A. 1,2,3
- B. 1,3,4
- C. 2,3,4
- D. 1,2,4
正解：A
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual recommends following a recognized methodology, defining a budget and timescales, and appointing a P3O Sponsor for implementation. Section 4.2.1 states, "Implementation should follow a recognized programme or project methodology, include a defined budget and timescales, and involve appointing a P3O Sponsor to provide leadership." However, using a programme approach for a single- office P3O staffed by one individual (4) is not recommended due to scalability and governance issues. The
2013 edition emphasizes a structured approach to ensure success, with the Sponsor driving strategic alignment and methodology providing a framework. Options B, C, and D include the impractical fourth element, making A the correct choice for a robust implementation process.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 4.2.1, AXELOS.
質問 # 59
What can be used to assess and document the current state of PPM functions?
- A. P3M3 assessments
- B. P3O vision
- C. Capacity planning for resource management
- D. Complexity modelling
正解：A
解説：
The P3O Foundation (2013) manual identifies P3M3 assessments as the tool to assess and document the current state of PPM functions. Section 6.1.2 states, "P3M3 assessments are used to evaluate and document the current maturity and capability of PPM functions within an organization, providing a baseline for improvement." This differs from capacity planning (A), complexity modelling (B), or P3O vision (C), which serve other purposes. The 2013 edition highlights P3M3's role in benchmarking, supporting P3O's implementation by identifying gaps. This ensures a data-driven approach to enhancing PPM maturity.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Section 6.1.2, AXELOS.
質問 # 60
Which of the following are key responsibilities of the Portfolio Analyst role?
1. Balance the portfolio in terms of strategic change against business as usual
2. Make recommendations on an appropriate programme/project balance
3. Provide a fast-track programme mobilization support service
4. Highlight problems relating to project interdependencies
- A. 1,2,4
- B. 1,3,4
- C. 1,2,3
- D. 2,3,4
正解：A
解説：
The Portfolio Analyst role, as defined in the P3O Foundation (2013) manual, includes balancing the portfolio (1), recommending programme/project balance (2), and highlighting interdependencies (4), but not fast-track mobilization (3). Section 3.5.3 states, "The Portfolio Analyst is responsible for balancing the portfolio between strategic change and BAU, providing recommendations on programme/project mix, and identifying interdependency issues." Fast-track mobilization (3) is typically a Programme Office function (Section 3.5.4). The 2013 edition emphasizes the analyst's analytical and strategic focus, ensuring portfolio optimization and risk management. Options A, C, and D include incorrect combinations, while B accurately reflects the role's scope, supporting effective portfolio governance and decision-making.
Reference: P3O Foundation (2013) manual, Sections 3.5.3 and 3.5.4, AXELOS.
質問 # 61
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