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質問 # 36
What is the purpose of a Definition of Done in Agile development?
- A. To estimate the time and resources needed
- B. To define the technical requirements for the project
- C. To prioritize the backlog of user stories
- D. To ensure that each user story is complete and meets the team,s quality standards
正解：D
解説：
The purpose of a Definition of Done (DoD) in Agile development is to ensure that each user story is complete and meets the team's quality standards. The DoD is a shared understanding among the development team of the criteria that must be met before a user story can be considered "done" and ready for release.
The DoD typically includes a set of requirements or criteria that must be met for each user story, such as code quality standards, testing requirements, documentation, and acceptance criteria. By establishing a DoD, the team ensures that each user story is complete and meets the team's quality standards before it is considered "done." The DoD is an important component of the Agile development process, as it helps to ensure that the product is of high quality and meets the needs of the stakeholders. It also helps to prevent misunderstandings and ambiguity regarding when a user story is complete, which can lead to delays or rework. The DoD is typically reviewed and updated during the Sprint Retrospective to reflect any changes in the team's processes or standards.
質問 # 37
How does Agile handle project change requests?
- A. By ignoring change requests and focusing on individual tasks
- B. By using a separate change request management team
- C. By using a traditional project management approach
- D. By emphasizing close collaboration and communication between team members and stakeholders
正解：D
解説：
Agile handles project change requests by emphasizing close collaboration and communication between team members and stakeholders. Agile teams use regular meetings, such as daily stand-ups and retrospectives, to discuss and resolve any change requests that may arise. Additionally, Agile emphasizes the importance of teamwork and fosters a culture of trust and respect among team members, which helps to ensure that everyone is working towards a common goal of delivering the project, even in the face of change requests.
質問 # 38
Why is it important to have a cross-functional team in Agile development?
- A. To document the team,s progress and remaining work during a sprint
- B. To ensure that the product meets the customer,s needs and goals
- C. To ensure that the team has all the necessary skills and knowledge to complete the work
- D. To prioritize the backlog of user stories
正解：C
解説：
A cross-functional team in Agile development includes all the necessary skills and knowledge to complete the work. This ensures that the team is self-sufficient and able to deliver high-quality working software at the end of each sprint.
質問 # 39
What is the definition of a "definition of ready" in Agile?
- A. A set of criteria that must be met before a sprint can be considered started
- B. A set of criteria that must be met before a work item can be considered started
- C. A set of criteria that must be met before a work item can be considered done
- D. A set of criteria that must be met before a sprint can be considered done
正解：B
解説：
The definition of ready in Agile is a set of criteria that must be met before a work item can be considered started.
質問 # 40
What is the difference between a product owner and a product manager in Agile development?
- A. The product owner focuses on the technical aspects of the product, while the product manager focuses on the customer,s needs and goals
- B. The product manager focuses on the technical aspects of the product, while the product owner focuses on the customer,s needs and goals
- C. The product owner is responsible for the product backlog, while the product manager is responsible for the product vision and strategy
- D. The product manager is responsible for the product backlog, while the product owner is responsible for the product vision and strategy
正解：C
解説：
The product owner is responsible for the product backlog, while the product manager is responsible for the product vision and strategy In Agile development, the product owner and the product manager are both key roles responsible for driving the development of the product. The product owner is primarily responsible for defining and prioritizing the product backlog, which is a list of features, requirements, and user stories that the development team will work on during the project. The product owner works closely with the development team to ensure that the backlog is well-defined, understood, and prioritized according to business value.
On the other hand, the product manager is responsible for the overall product vision and strategy. They work to define the long-term goals and direction of the product, and they often work with the product owner to ensure that the product backlog aligns with the product vision. The product manager may also be responsible for market analysis, competitive research, and other activities related to understanding and meeting the needs of the customers.
Therefore, the main difference between the product owner and the product manager is that the product owner focuses on the tactical day-to-day execution of the product development process by managing the backlog, while the product manager is responsible for the strategic direction and vision of the product.
質問 # 41
If a team is struggling to estimate user stories accurately, what Agile technique could they use to improve estimation?
- A. Retrospective meetings
- B. Sprint review
- C. Planning poker
- D. Daily stand-up meetings
正解：C
解説：
Planning poker is an Agile technique that allows team members to estimate the effort required for each user story. It involves each team member giving an estimate, followed by a discussion to reconcile any differences. This technique helps to improve estimation accuracy and promote collaboration among team members.
質問 # 42
What is the purpose of a product roadmap in Agile development?
- A. To plan and communicate the product,s vision and strategy
- B. To estimate the time and resources needed for the project
- C. To define the technical requirements for the project
- D. To prioritize the backlog of user stories
正解：A
解説：
The purpose of a product roadmap in Agile development is to plan and communicate the product's vision and strategy. A product roadmap is a high-level, visual representation of the direction in which the product is heading over a defined period of time, usually several months or a year. It outlines the major goals and initiatives that the product team plans to achieve, and communicates how these initiatives align with the product's vision and overall strategy.
A product roadmap does not define the technical requirements for the project or estimate the time and resources needed for the project. Instead, those tasks are typically handled through other Agile practices, such as backlog refinement, sprint planning, and estimation. However, the product roadmap can help inform those activities by providing a strategic context for the team's work. Additionally, the product roadmap can be used to prioritize the backlog of user stories by helping to ensure that each story is aligned with the overall direction of the product.
質問 # 43
What is the Agile practice of continuous integration?
- A. Integrating new features into the product increment after each sprint
- B. Integrating feedback from stakeholders throughout the development process
- C. Integrating the product with third-party tools and systems
- D. Integrating code changes frequently to detect defects early
正解：D
解説：
A). Integrating code changes frequently to detect defects earlyThe Agile practice of continuous integration involves frequently integrating code changes into a shared code repository, with the goal of detecting defects early in the development process. This helps to prevent issues from accumulating and becoming more difficult to resolve later on, and ensures that the product is always in a working state. Continuous integration also typically involves automated testing to quickly identify any issues that arise during the integration process.
質問 # 44
Which of the following is NOT one of the Agile Manifesto principles?
- A. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
- B. Working software over comprehensive documentation
- C. Responding to change over following a plan
- D. Following a plan over responding to change
正解：D
解説：
Following a plan over responding to change is NOT one of the Agile Manifesto principles. The Agile Manifesto principles prioritize the opposite, with "Responding to change over following a plan". This means that in an Agile context, being flexible and adapting to change is valued over sticking to a rigid plan. The other principles of the Agile Manifesto include "Individuals and interactions over processes and tools", "Working software over comprehensive documentation", and "Customer collaboration over contract negotiation". These principles emphasize the importance of people and communication, delivering working software, and close collaboration with customers, respectively.
質問 # 45
What is the definition of "spike" in Agile?
- A. A time-boxed investigation into a technical issue or problem
- B. A time-boxed investigation into a product backlog item
- C. A time-boxed investigation into a business issue or problem
- D. A time-boxed investigation into a design issue or problem
正解：A
解説：
A spike in Agile is a time-boxed investigation into a technical issue or problem. The goal of a spike is to gain a deeper understanding of the issue or problem, and to determine the best way to resolve it. Spikes are an important part of the Agile development process, as they help teams to make informed decisions about how to allocate their resources and prioritize their work.
質問 # 46
How is the sprint goal determined in Scrum?
- A. By the stakeholders
- B. By the scrum master
- C. By the development team
- D. By the product owner
正解：C
解説：
The sprint goal in Scrum is determined by the development team. The sprint goal is a concise statement that provides direction and focus for the sprint. It is derived from the product backlog and is used to guide the team's efforts during the sprint.
質問 # 47
What is the role of the scrum master in Scrum?
- A. To manage the sprint backlog
- B. To deliver the product increment
- C. To facilitate the Scrum process and ensure adherence to Scrum values, practices, and rules
- D. To represent the interests of stakeholders
正解：C
質問 # 48
Why is it important to involve stakeholders in Agile development?
- A. To document the team,s progress and remaining work during a sprint
- B. To estimate the time and resources needed for the project
- C. To prioritize the backlog of user stories
- D. To ensure that the product meets the customer,s needs and goals
正解：D
解説：
Involving stakeholders in Agile development ensures that the product meets the customer's needs and goals. It helps to provide feedback on the product throughout the development process, which allows the team to make changes and improvements as needed.
質問 # 49
Which of the following is NOT a technique for Agile estimation?
- A. Planning poker
- B. T-shirt sizing
- C. Bottom-up estimation
- D. Top-down estimation
正解：C
解説：
Top-down estimation is NOT a technique for Agile estimation. Top-down estimation is a traditional, sequential approach to estimation, which involves breaking down a project into smaller pieces and estimating the time and effort required to complete each piece. This approach is not commonly used in Agile development, as it can be slow and inflexible, and may not accurately reflect the rapidly changing nature of Agile projects.
The three techniques for Agile estimation are: A. Planning poker: a consensus-based technique for estimating the effort required to complete a user story. B. T-shirt sizing: a relative estimation technique where user stories are assigned a size, such as "small", "medium", or "large", based on their relative complexity and effort. C. Bottom-up estimation: a technique where the team estimates the effort required to complete individual tasks, which are then combined to estimate the total effort required for a user story.
These techniques are designed to be fast, flexible, and collaborative, and are well-suited to the Agile approach to development.
質問 # 50
What is the definition of "daily scrum" in Scrum?
- A. A daily meeting where the development team presents the product increment to stakeholders
- B. A daily meeting where the development team prioritizes the backlog of user stories
- C. A daily meeting where the development team reviews and reflects on the previous sprint
- D. A daily meeting where the development team reviews the work completed and plans the work for the next day
正解：D
解説：
The daily scrum in Scrum is a daily meeting where the development team reviews the work completed and plans the work for the next day. The goal of the daily scrum is to ensure that everyone is on the same page and that any issues or roadblocks are addressed quickly. The daily scrum is a key part of the Agile development process and helps to ensure that the development team is making steady progress towards their sprint goal.
質問 # 51
If a team is having trouble meeting the sprint goal, what Agile practice could they use to address the problem?
- A. Sprint planning
- B. Sprint review
- C. Retrospective meetings
- D. Daily stand-up meetings
正解：C
解説：
Retrospective meetings are an Agile practice that encourages the team to reflect on the previous sprint and identify opportunities for improvement. If a team is having trouble meeting the sprint goal, a retrospective meeting can help to identify the root cause of the problem and develop a plan for improvement.
質問 # 52
What is the definition of "done" in Agile?
- A. When all work items are complete and have been accepted by stakeholders
- B. When all work items are complete
- C. When all work items are complete and meet the definition of ready
- D. When all work items are complete and have been deployed to production
正解：C
解説：
In Agile, the definition of "done" refers to when a work item is considered complete and meets the definition of ready. The definition of ready is a set of criteria that must be met before a work item can be considered done. This helps to ensure that work items are delivered with a high level of quality and that they are ready to be deployed to production.
質問 # 53
How does Agile development differ from traditional software development methodologies?
- A. Agile development is more focused on documentation than traditional methods
- B. Agile development is less flexible than traditional methods
- C. Agile development relies heavily on upfront planning
- D. Agile development emphasizes frequent delivery of working software
正解：D
解説：
Agile development is focused on delivering working software frequently and iteratively. It values flexibility and collaboration over strict upfront planning and documentation, which is a departure from traditional methodologies.
質問 # 54
What is the role of the scrum master in Scrum?
- A. To manage the sprint backlog
- B. To deliver the product increment
- C. To facilitate the Scrum process and ensure adherence to Scrum values, practices, and rules
- D. To represent the interests of stakeholders
正解：C
解説：
The scrum master is responsible for facilitating the Scrum process and ensuring that the team adheres to Scrum values, practices, and rules. The scrum master acts as a coach and facilitator, helping the team to stay focused and productive.
質問 # 55
What is the definition of a "minimum viable product" (MVP)?
- A. The version of a product that includes all desired features and functionality
- B. The version of a product that includes only the most essential features and functionality
- C. The smallest, simplest version of a product that can be released to market
- D. The largest, most complex version of a product that can be released to market
正解：C
解説：
The minimum viable product (MVP) is the smallest, simplest version of a product that can be released to market. The goal of an MVP is to validate the product concept with real users as quickly and inexpensively as possible. The MVP includes only the most essential features and functionality, and is designed to elicit feedback from users to inform future development.
質問 # 56
How can a product owner ensure that the product backlog is prioritized correctly in Agile development?
- A. By involving stakeholders in the prioritization process
- B. By using a strict ranking system
- C. By prioritizing the most technically challenging user stories first
- D. By prioritizing the user stories with the largest estimated effort
正解：A
解説：
In Agile development, the product owner is responsible for prioritizing the product backlog. To ensure that the backlog is prioritized correctly, the product owner should involve stakeholders in the prioritization process. This helps to ensure that the backlog reflects the needs and goals of the customer.
質問 # 57
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