2025年最新のCWAP-405実際問題集には試験のコツがあるPDF試験材料 [Q47-Q70]

2025年最新のCWAP-405実際問題集には試験のコツがあるPDF試験材料

心強いCWAP-405のPDF問題集問題

質問 # 47
Where, in a protocol analyzer, would you find an indication that a frame was transmitted as part of an A- MPDU?

A. The HT Operation Element
B. A-MPDU flag in the Frame Control Field
C. The Aggregation flag in the Radio Tap Header
D. A-MPDU flag in the QoS Control Field

正解：C

解説：
In a protocol analyzer, you would find an indication that a frame was transmitted as part of an A-MPDU by looking at the Aggregation flag in the Radio Tap Header. The Radio Tap Header is a pseudo-header that is added by some wireless capture devices to provide additional information about the physical layer characteristics of a frame. The Aggregation flag is one of the fields in this header, and it indicates whether the frame belongs to an A-MPDU or not. If the flag is set to 1, it means that the frame is part of an A-MPDU; if it is set to 0, it means that the frame is not part of an A-MPDU . References: CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 9: PHY Layer Frame Formats and Technologies, page 303; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 9: PHY Layer Frame Formats and Technologies, page 304.

質問 # 48
You are concerned with management overhead in your WLAN. When evaluating the network, you note that each dual-band AP provides for 4 SSIDs in each band with three secure SSIDs and one Open System SSID.
The network runs only 802.11ac APs and uses 20 MHz channels in 2.4 GHz and 400 MHz channels in 5 GHz.
What can you do to reduce the impact of beacon frames on CCI and channel utilization?

A. Use the same security across all SSIDs
B. Use only 40 MHz channels
C. Increase the beacon interval
D. Disable SSID broadcasting

正解：D

質問 # 49
Where would you look in a packet trace file to identify the configured Minimum Basic Rate (MBR) of a BSS?

A. In the MBR Information Element in an Association Response frame
B. Supported Rates & Extended Supported Rates elements in a Beacon frame
C. In the MBR Action frame
D. In the Minimum Basic Rate Element in a Beacon frame

正解：B

解説：
The configured Minimum Basic Rate (MBR) of a BSS can be identified by looking at the Supported Rates and Extended Supported Rates elements in a Beacon frame. A Beacon frame is a type of management frame that is transmitted by an AP to advertise its presence and capabilities to potential clients. A Beacon frame contains various information elements (IEs) that provide details about the BSS configuration and operation.
The Supported Rates and Extended Supported Rates IEs list the data rates that are supported by the AP for data transmission. The MBR is the lowest data rate among these supported rates that is required for all clients to join and communicate with the BSS. The MBR is usually marked with a flag bit in these IEs to indicate its mandatory status. The other options are not correct, as they do not exist or do not indicate the MBR of a BSS. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 5: 802.11 MAC Sublayer, page 123-124

質問 # 50
When would you expect to see a Reassociation Request frame'

A. Every time a STA roams
B. Only when a STA roams back to an AP it has previously been associated with
C. Every time a STA associates to an AP to which it has previously been associated
D. Only when a STA is using FT roaming

正解：A

解説：
A Reassociation Request frame is sent every time a STA roams from one AP to another within the same ESS.
A Reassociation Request frame is similar to an Association Request frame, but it also contains the BSSID of the current AP that the STA is leaving. This allows the new AP to coordinate with the old AP and transfer the STA's context information, such as security keys, QoS parameters, and buffered frames. This way, the STA can maintain its connectivity and session continuity during roaming . References: CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 6: MAC Sublayer Frame Exchanges, page 195; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 6: MAC Sublayer Frame Exchanges, page 196.

質問 # 51
A new firmware has been released for the AP model you use in your WLAN. You have more than 120 of these APs installed.
What is a good reason for applying a firmware update on an enterprise AP?

A. Enable new security features and patch vulnerabilities
B. Enable the short guard interval
C. Disable lower data rates
D. Enable 4x4:4 spatial streams on a 3x3:3 AP

正解：A

質問 # 52
What is the default 802.11 authentication method for a STA when using Pre-RSNA?

A. Open System
B. Shared Key
C. 4-Way Handshake
D. PSK

正解：A

解説：
The default 802.11 authentication method for a STA when using Pre-RSNA is Open System. This is the simplest and most common authentication method, which does not provide any security or encryption. In Open System authentication, the STA sends an Authentication Request frame to the AP, and the AP responds with an Authentication Response frame with a status code of success. After this, the STA can proceed to association with the AP . References: CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 6: MAC Sublayer Frame Exchanges, page 181; CWAP-405Certified Wireless Analysis Professional Study and Reference Guide, Chapter 6: MAC Sublayer Frame Exchanges, page 183.

質問 # 53
Which one of the following is an advantage of using display filters that is not an advantage of capture-time filters?

A. Multiple of them can be applied simultaneously
B. Once created they are reusable for later captures
C. They allow for focused analysis on just the packets of interest
D. They only hide the packets from view and the filtered packets can be enabled for view later

正解：D

解説：
Display filters are applied after the capture is completed and they only hide the packets from view. The filtered packets are still present in the capture file and can be enabled for view later by changing or removing the display filter. This is an advantage over capture-time filters, which discard the packets that do not match the filter criteria and cannot be recovered later34 References:
* CWAP-403 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Protocol Analysis, page 37
* CWAP-403 Objectives, Section 2.3: Apply display filters

質問 # 54
When evaluating modulation and coding schemes, you must determine the best coding rate available. In
802.11 MCS tables, what is the best coding rate from the perspective of highest data rates?

A. 1/2
B. 5/6
C. 2/3
D. 3/4

正解：B

質問 # 55
You have captured 802.11 traffic using an adapter that includes the radio tap header. You see several frames often called announcement frames in the capture.
What best describes these types of frames?

A. They are meant to provide information to the network that may result in state changes, but they are not open for rejection
B. They only include beacon and probe response frames
C. They are used to allow a STA to awake from sleep and for no other reason
D. They only include beacon and probe request frames

正解：B

質問 # 56
Protocol analyzers may present field values in either binary, decimal or hexadecimal. What preceeds a hexadecimal value to indicate it is hexadecimal?

A. 16x
B. %
C. 0x
D. HEX

正解：C

解説：
A hexadecimal value is a value that uses base 16 notation, which means it can have digits from 0 to 9 and letters from A to F.
A hexadecimal value is usually preceded by 0x to indicate that it is hexadecimal and not decimal or binary.
For example, 0x0A is hexadecimal for 10 in decimal or 00001010 in binary. The other options are not valid prefixes for hexadecimal values.
References:
CWAP-405Study Guide, Chapter 2: Protocol Analysis, page 35
CWAP-405Objectives, Section 2.2: Analyze field values

質問 # 57
What is an AIFS?

A. A variable Interframe Space introduced by 802.lie to help prioritize medium access for different Access Categories
B. The shortest period of time a STA can sleep
C. A medium access method introduced by 802.lln, but never implemented
D. A form of aggregation performed at the PHY layer based on 802.lie UP values interpreted from DSCP values

正解：A

解説：
An AIFS is a variable interframe space introduced by 802.11e to help prioritize medium access for different Access Categories (ACs). An interframe space is a period of time that a STA (station) has to wait before attempting to access the medium. An AIFS is a type of interframe space that varies depending on the AC of the traffic. An AC is a logical queue that corresponds to a QoS (Quality of Service) level for different types of traffic. There are four ACs defined by 802.11e: AC_VO (Voice), AC_VI (Video), AC_BE (Best Effort), and AC_BK (Background). Each AC has a different AIFSN (Arbitration Interframe Space Number) value, which determines how long it has to wait before attempting to access the medium. A lower AIFSN value means a higher priority and a shorter waiting time. The other options are not correct, as they do not describe what an AIFS is. An AIFS is not a medium access method introduced by 802.11n, but never implemented, as it is part of the 802.11e standard and widely used in QoS-enabled WLANs. An AIFS is not a form of aggregation performed at the PHY layer based on 802.11e UP values interpreted from DSCP values, as aggregation is a technique that combines multiple frames into one larger frame to improve efficiency and throughput, not prioritization or medium access. An AIFS is not the shortest period of time a STA can sleep, as sleeping is a power saving mode that allows a STA to conserve battery power by periodically turning off its radio, not accessing the medium. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 7:
QoS Analysis, page 194-195

質問 # 58
How is the length of an AIFS calculated?

A. DIFS + SIFS + AIFSN
B. AIFSN * Slot Time + SIFS
C. SIFS * Slot Time + AIFSN
D. SIFS + AIFS * Time Unit

正解：B

解説：
The length of an AIFS (Arbitration Interframe Space) is calculated by multiplying the AIFSN (Arbitration Interframe Space Number) by the Slot Time and adding the SIFS (Short Interframe Space). An AIFS is a variable interframe space introduced by 802.11e to help prioritize medium access for different Access Categories (ACs). An AC is a logical queue that corresponds to a QoS (Quality of Service) level for different types of traffic. Each AC has a different AIFSN value, which determines how long it has to wait before attempting to access the medium. A lower AIFSN value means a higher priority and a shorter waiting time.
The Slot Time is a fixed value that depends on the PHY type and channel width. The SIFS is the shortest interframe space that is used for high-priority transmissions, such as ACKs or CTSs. The formula for calculating the AIFS length is: AIFS = AIFSN * Slot Time + SIFS. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 7: QoS Analysis, page 194-195

質問 # 59
You are performing a multiple adapter channel aggregation capture to troubleshoot a VoIP roaming problem and would like to measure the roaming time from the last VoIP packet sent on the old AP's channel to the first VoIP packet sent on the new AP's channel. Which timing column in the packet view would measure this for you?

A. Delta
B. Absolute
C. Roaming
D. Relative

正解：A

解説：
Delta is the timing column in the packet view that measures the time difference between two consecutive packets in a capture file. Delta can be used to measure the roaming time from the last VoIP packet sent on the old AP's channel to the first VoIP packet sent on the new AP's channel by selecting these two packets and looking at their delta values. The other timing columns are not suitable for this measurement because they do not show the time difference between two specific packets. Roaming is a column that shows whether a packet belongs to a roaming event or not. Relative is a column that shows the time elapsed since the beginning of the capture file. Absolute is a column that shows the date and time when a packet was captured5 References:
* CWAP-405Study Guide, Chapter 2: Protocol Analysis, page 57
* CWAP-405Objectives, Section 2.4: Analyze timing values

質問 # 60
A client is operating in an unstable RF environment. Out of five data frames transmitted to the client it only receives four. The client sends a Block Ack to acknowledge the receipt of these four frames but due to frame corruption the Block Ack is not received by the AP. Which frames will be retransmitted'

A. Only the data frame which was corrupted
B. All data frames
C. Only the Block Ack
D. Both the corrupted data and Block Ack

正解：B

解説：
All data frames will be retransmitted in this scenario. This is because the AP uses a Block Ack (BA) mechanism to acknowledge the receipt of multiple data frames from a client in a single frame. The BA contains a bitmap that indicates which data frames were received correctly and which were not. If the BA is not received by the AP due to frame corruption, the AP will assume that none of the data frames were received by the client and will retransmit all of them. The other options are not correct, as they do not account for the loss of the BA or the use of the bitmap. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 6: 802.11 Frame Exchanges, page 167-168

質問 # 61
You are responsible for troubleshooting and analysis of the WLAN in your organization that supports more than 700 client STAs. Forty APs are deployed and they are all dual-band APs and are controller-based. You must troubleshoot the wired side in some scenarios using a protocol analyzer.
Which one of the following problems would warrant wired-side analysis in most situations?

A. DHCP problems
B. High 802.11 CRC rates
C. WMM QoS issues
D. High 802.11 retry rates

正解：C

質問 # 62
When using a commercial WLAN protocol analyzer, you notice that it is listing vendor names for some APs and client STAs.
What is the source of this information?

A. DNS name resolution
B. Vendor OUI values
C. Broadcast name resolution
D. Banner grabbing

正解：B

質問 # 63
You are using the real-time FFT display of a spectrum analyzer.
In what domain does this show the RF energy detected in the swept frequencies?

A. Length
B. Frequency
C. Phase
D. Time

正解：C

質問 # 64
How does a VoIP Phone, using WMM Power Save, request data frames buffered at the AP?

A. The VoIP phone transmits a WMM Action frame
B. The VoIP phone transmits a PS-Poll frame
C. The VoIP phone transmits a trigger frame, which is a QoS Null frame or a QoS Data frame
D. The VoIP phone sets the More Data bit in the MAC Header to 1

正解：C

解説：
A VoIP phone, using WMM Power Save, requests data frames buffered at the AP by transmitting a trigger frame, which is a QoS Null frame or a QoS Data frame. WMM Power Save is a power saving mode that allows a STA (station) to conserve battery power by periodically sleeping and waking up. WMM Power Save is based on WMM (Wi-Fi Multimedia), which is a QoS (Quality of Service) enhancement that provides prioritized and differentiated access to the medium for different types of traffic. When a STA sleeps, it cannot receive any data frames from the AP, so it informs the AP of its power save status by setting a bit in its MAC header. The AP then buffers any data frames destined for the sleeping STA until it wakes up. When a STA wakes up, it sends a trigger frame to the AP, indicating its AC (Access Category), which is a logical queue that corresponds to its QoS level. A trigger frame can be either a QoS Null frame or a QoS Data frame, depending on whether it has any payload or not. The AP then responds with one or more data frames from the same AC as the trigger frame, followed by an ACK or BA (Block Acknowledgement) frame from the STA.
The other options are not correct, as they are not used by a VoIP phone using WMM Power Save to request data frames buffered at the AP. A PS-Poll (Power Save Poll) frame is used by a STA using legacy power save mode, not WMM Power Save mode, to request data frames buffered at the AP. A PS-Poll frame does not indicate any AC or QoS information. Setting the More Data bit in the MAC header to 1 does not request any data frames from the AP, but indicates that there are more data frames to be sent by the STA or received by the STA. Transmitting a WMM Action frame does not request any data frames from the AP, but performs various management actions related to WMM features, such as admission control, parameter update, etc. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 7: QoS Analysis, page
198-199

質問 # 65
Which one of the these is the most important in the WLAN troubleshooting methodology among those listed?

A. Interview the network manager about the issues being experienced
B. Observe the problem
C. Talk to the end users about their experiences
D. Obtain detailed -knowledge of the wireless vendors debug and logging options

正解：B

解説：
Observing the problem is the most important step in the WLAN troubleshooting methodology among those listed. This step involves capturing and analyzing the relevant data from the wireless network, such as packets, frames, spectrum, and performance metrics. Observing the problem helps to verify the existence and scope of the issue, identify the root cause and possible solutions, and validate the results of any actions taken. The other steps are also important, but they are not as critical as observing the problem12 References:
* CWAP-405Study Guide, Chapter 1: Troubleshooting Methodology, page 15
* CWAP-405Objectives, Section 1.2: Observe the problem

質問 # 66
What is used to respond with an uplink transmission to an MU-RTS trigger frame in the 802.11ax PHY?

A. VHT PPDU
B. HE SU PPDU
C. HE MU PPDU
D. HE TB PPDU

正解：D

解説：
An HE TB PPDU (High Efficiency Trigger-Based Packet Data Unit) is used to respond with an uplink transmission to an MU-RTS trigger frame in the 802.11ax PHY (Physical Layer). An MU-RTS trigger frame is a frame that initiates a multi-user transmission opportunity (MU-TXOP) by requesting multiple stations (STAs) to send clear-to-send (CTS) frames on different spatial streams or resource units (RUs). An HE TB PPDU is a frame that contains data from multiple STAs that have been allocated RUs by an MU-RTS trigger frame or another type of trigger frame. An HE SU PPDU (High Efficiency Single User Packet Data Unit) is a frame that contains data from a single STA using all available spatial streams or RUs. An HE MU PPDU (High Efficiency Multi User Packet Data Unit) is a frame that contains data from multiple STAs using different spatial streams or RUs without being triggered by another frame. A VHT PPDU (Very High Throughput Packet Data Unit) is a frame that uses the 802.11ac PHY and does not support multi-user transmissions.
References:
CWAP-405Study Guide, Chapter 3: 802.11 MAC Layer Frame Formats and Technologies, page 101 CWAP-405Objectives, Section 3.4: Analyze multi-user transmissions CWAP-405Study Guide, Chapter 3: 802.11 MAC Layer Frame Formats and Technologies, page 99

質問 # 67
Which one of the following is not an 802.11 Management frame?

A. Action
B. Beacon
C. PS-Poll
D. Authentication

正解：C

解説：
A PS-Poll (Power Save Poll) frame is not an 802.11 management frame. A PS-Poll frame is a type of control frame that is used by a STA in power save mode to request data frames from an AP. A STA in power save mode can conserve battery power by periodically sleeping and waking up. When a STA sleeps, it cannot receive any data frames from the AP, so it informs the AP of its power save status by setting a bit in its MAC header. The AP then buffers any data frames destined for the sleeping STA until it wakes up. When a STA wakes up, it sends a PS-Poll frame to the AP, indicating its association ID and requesting any buffered data frames. The AP then responds with one or more data frames, followed by an ACK or BA frame from the STA. The other options are not correct, as they are types of 802.11 management frames. An Action frame is used to perform various management actions, such as spectrum management, QoS management, radio measurement, etc. A Beacon frame is used to advertise the presence and capabilities of an AP or BSS. An Authentication frame is used to establish or terminate an authentication relationship between a STA and an AP. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-405], Chapter 6: 802.11 Frame Exchanges, page 169-170

質問 # 68
You have been recently hired as the wireless network administrator for an organization spread across seven locations. They have deployed more than 100 APs, but they have not been managed in either an automated or manual process for more than 18 months.
Given this length of time, what is one of the first things you should evaluate from a support perspective?

A. The VLANs in use
B. The channels in use
C. The data rates allowed
D. The firmware revision

正解：D

質問 # 69
You have installed a new 802.1 lac WLAN configured with 80 MHz channels. Users in one area are complaining about poor performance. This area is currently served by a single AP. You take a spectrum analysis capture in the poor performing area. While examining the waterfall plot you notice the airtime utilization is higher on the first 20 MHz of the 80 MHz channel when compared to the rest of the channel.
What do you conclude?

A. Non-Wi-Fi interference is preventing the APs 80 MHz operation
B. The first 20 MHz is the AP's primary channel and higher airtime utilization on the primary channel is normal when an AP is configured for 80 MHz operation
C. RRM is enabled and has dynamically picked a 20 MHz channel
D. The AP is misconfigured and needs to be reconfigured to 80 MHz operation

正解：A

解説：
The most likely cause of higher airtime utilization on the first 20 MHz of the 80 MHz channel is non-Wi-Fi interference. Non-Wi-Fi interference can prevent an AP from using its full channel width, as it will degrade the signal quality and increase the noise floor on some parts of the channel. This will force the AP to fall back to a narrower channel width, such as 20 MHz or 40 MHz, to maintain communication with its clients. The waterfall plot can help identify non-Wi-Fi interference by showing spikes or bursts of RF energy on specific frequencies or sub-channels. The other options are not correct, as they do not explain why only the first 20 MHz of the channel has higher airtime utilization. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide], Chapter 3: Spectrum Analysis, page 74-75

質問 # 70
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