2024年最新のJN0-214試験資料JN0-214学習ガイド
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質問 # 38
Which two statements about Kubernetes are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. A ClusterlP service exposes pods to internal traffic only.
- B. All containers within a pod share the same IP address.
- C. Each container within a pod has a unique IP address.
- D. A ClusterlP service exposes pods to internal and external traffic.
正解：A、B
解説：
In Kubernetes, all containers within a pod share the same IP address. A ClusterIP service exposes pods to internal traffic only.
質問 # 39
Which container runtime engine is used by default in OpenShift?
- A. containerd
- B. Docker
- C. runC
- D. cri-o
正解：D
解説：
The default container runtime engine used by OpenShift is cri-o. CRI-O is an open source, community-driven container engine. Its primary goal is to replace the Docker service as the container engine for Kubernetes implementations, such as OpenShift Container Platform.
質問 # 40
You want to quickly assign a specific combination of permissions to a set of users.
In this scenario, which OpenStack object should you create?
- A. role
- B. flavor
- C. project
- D. image
正解：A
解説：
In OpenStack, a role is a set of permissions that determines what actions users can perform in a given context. Roles are assigned to user-project pairs. If you want to quickly assign a specific combination of permissions to a set of users, you should create a role.
質問 # 41
Which two statements are correct about OpenShift monitoring? (Choose two.)
- A. OpenShifhas its own monitoring framework.
- B. OpenShifis able to configure customized alerts.
- C. OpenShifmonitoring is not compatible with Grafana.
- D. OpenShifis not able to configure customized alerts.
正解：A、B
解説：
OpenShift includes a preconfigured, preinstalled, and self-updating monitoring stack that provides monitoring for core platform components. You also have the option to enable monitoring for user- defined projects. This means OpenShift has its own monitoring framework (B) and is able to configure customized alerts (D).
質問 # 42
You are deploying CN2 using Kubernetes as your orchestrator.
In this scenario, which component contains the vRouter agent?
- A. Ikube-scheduler
- B. kube-manager
- C. worker node
- D. Contrail controller
正解：C
解説：
In a CN2 deployment using Kubernetes as the orchestrator, the vRouter agent is contained in the worker node. The vRouter agent is responsible for managing the forwarding plane on each node in a Contrail cluster. It interacts with the kernel to manage the services and interfaces within the virtual networks.
質問 # 43
Click the Exhibit button.
Referring to the exhibit, what does port: 8080 represent?
- A. It is the port that is used by the external load balancer.
- B. It is the port that is exposed to clients that are internal to the cluster.
- C. It is the port on which the webapp pod is listening.
- D. It is the port that is exposed to clients that are external to the cluster.
正解：B
解説：
In the context of a Kubernetes service, port: 8080 represents the port that is exposed to clients that are internal to the cluster. This is the stable port the Service exposes inside the cluster -- other Pods in the cluster send traffic to this port.
質問 # 44
Which two statements about overlay virtual networks are true? (Choose two.)
- A. Overlay virtual networks work well on an IP spine-and-leaf topology.
- B. Overlay virtual networks only allow Layer 3 communication.
- C. Overlay virtual networks allow both Layer 2 and Layer 3 communication.
- D. Overlay virtual networks use Juniper proprietary protocols.
正解：A、C
解説：
Overlay virtual networks are virtual logical networks constructed on top of an existing network using network virtualization technologies. They decouple network services from the physical networking and interconnection technologies on the underlay network. Two true statements about overlay virtual networks are:
Overlay virtual networks work well on an IP spine-and-leaf topology. They can be created over underlay networks using network virtualization technologies.
Overlay virtual networks allow both Layer 2 and Layer 3 communication. They can serve not only different services (such as multiple departments) of the same tenant but also different tenants.
質問 # 45
Which statement is correct about a vRouter?
- A. A vRouter uses virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances to create individual routing tables for each tenant.
- B. A vRouter always provides a direct connection between a tenant VM and the underlay network.
- C. A vRouter uses logical systems to create individual routing tables for each tenant.
- D. A vRouter can only provide connections to a single tenant's VM.
正解：A
解説：
A vRouter uses virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances to create individual routing tables for each tenant. A VRF is a logical partition of a router's routing table that allows multiple instances of routing information to coexist on the same router. A vRouter can provide connections to multiple tenants' VMs by using different VRFs for each tenant.
質問 # 46
Which two statements are true about the CN2 controller? (Choose two.)
- A. A CN2 controller communicates with other CN2 controllers using XMPP.
- B. A CN2 controller communicates with CN2 vRouters using BGP.
- C. A CN2 controller communicates with other CN2 controllers using BGP.
- D. A CN2 controller communicates with CN2 vRouters using XMPP.
正解：C、D
解説：
A CN2 controller communicates with CN2 vRouters using XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) and with other CN2 controllers using BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). XMPP is used for control plane communication, while BGP is used for routing updates between controllers.
質問 # 47
What are two Kubernetes objects? (Choose two.)
- A. cluster
- B. service
- C. namespace
- D. pod
正解：B、D
解説：
In Kubernetes, a Pod is the smallest and simplest unit in the Kubernetes object model that you create or deploy. A Pod represents processes running on your cluster. A Service in Kubernetes is an abstraction which defines a logical set of Pods and a policy by which to access them.
質問 # 48
In the CN2 architecture, which component integrates with the orchestrator to listen for changes and take action on any events affecting network resources?
- A. kube-a pi server
- B. contrail-k8s-kubemanaqer
- C. contrail-vrouter-agent
- D. cni.bin
正解：B
解説：
contrail-k8s-kubemanager is the component in the CN2 architecture that integrates with the orchestrator (such as Kubernetes or OpenShift) to listen for changes and take action on any events affecting network resources. According to the CN2 components documentation2, contrail- k8s- kubemanager is "the interface between Kubernetes resources and Contrail resources" that
"watches the kube-apiserver for changes to regular Kubernetes resources such as service and namespace and acts on any changes that affect the networking resources". Other components in the CN2 architecture are contrail-k8s-apiserver2, which is an aggregated API server that manages all Contrail resources; cni.bin, which is a binary file that implements the Container Network Interface (CNI) specification for CN2; and contrail-vrouter-agent, which is a pod that runs on every node and communicates with the CN2 control plane to program the data plane.
質問 # 49
Which CN2 component provides the network control plane capability?
- A. contrail-k8s-kubemanaqer
- B. contrail-control
- C. contrail-k8s-controller
- D. contrail-vrouter-nodes
正解：B
解説：
The network control plane in CN2 represents CN2's full-featured SDN capability. It communicates with other controllers and uses XMPP to communicate with the distributed data plane components on the worker nodes.
質問 # 50
Which cloud service model provides access to networking, storage, servers, and virtualization in a cloud environment?
- A. Infrastructure as a Service (laaS)
- B. Database as a Service (Daa)
- C. Software as a Service (Saa)
- D. Platform as a Service (Paa)
正解：A
解説：
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud service model that provides access to networking, storage, servers, and virtualization in a cloud environment.
質問 # 51
What is the function that enables CN2 to manage its resources and interact with the kube-api?
- A. the configuration plane
- B. the control plane
- C. the management plane
- D. the data plane
正解：A
解説：
The configuration plane is the function that enables CN2 to manage its resources and interact with the kube-api. The configuration plane is responsible for storing and managing all configuration data in a Contrail cluster. It provides APIs for other components to retrieve this data.
This allows CN2 to manage its resources and interact with the kube-api.
質問 # 52
Which Docker component builds, runs, and distributes Docker containers?
- A. containerd
- B. dockerd
- C. docker registry
- D. docker cli
正解：B
解説：
The Docker component that builds, runs, and distributes Docker containers is dockerd. Dockerd is the persistent process that manages containers. Docker uses different binaries for different tasks. For example, it uses the docker binary for CLI commands and dockerd for the daemon process.
質問 # 53
Which component of a software-defined networking (SDN) controller defines where data packets are forwarded by a network device?
- A. the control plane
- B. the management plane
- C. the operational plane
- D. the forwarding plane
正解：D
解説：
The forwarding plane (also known as the data plane) of a software-defined networking (SDN) controller is responsible for forwarding data packets based on the instructions given by the control plane. It handles all activities involving data packets sent by the end-user, including forwarding of packets.
質問 # 54
Which term identifies to which network a virtual machine interface is connected?
- A. machine access control (MAC)
- B. virtual tunnel endpoint (VTEP)
- C. virtual network ID (VNID)
- D. Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN)
正解：C
解説：
The term that identifies to which network a virtual machine interface is connected is the virtual network ID (VNID). The VNID is a unique identifier assigned to each virtual network. It is used to differentiate between different virtual networks and to ensure that each virtual machine interface is connected to the correct network.
質問 # 55
Which two statements are correct about containers? (Choose two.)
- A. Containers include the entire operating system.
- B. Containers have faster boot times than VMs. www*
- C. Containers require an underlying operating system.
- D. Containers reduce deployment efficiency.
正解：B、C
解説：
Containers are lightweight because they don't need the extra load of a hypervisor, but run directly within the host machine's kernel. This means they start up almost instantly and use less RAM.
Images are constructed from layered filesystems and share common files, making disk usage and image downloads much more efficient. Containers are isolated from each other and the host system. They have their own filesystem and networking, and can be constrained to not allow root access outside the container. They run on top of a host operating system.
質問 # 56
What are the two primary ways used to manage objects by kubectl? (Choose two.)
- A. imperative commands
- B. declarative commands
- C. declarative object configuration
- D. imperative object commands
正解：A、C
解説：
The two primary ways used to manage objects by kubectl are imperative commands and declarative object configuration. Imperative commands operate directly on live objects in a cluster. The user provides operations to the kubectl command as arguments or flags. Declarative object configuration specifies the operation (create, replace, etc.), optional flags and at least one file name. The file specified must contain a full definition of the object in YAML or JSON format.
質問 # 57
The Kubernetes object definition file is in which format?
- A. TXT
- B. IXML
- C. HTML
- D. YAML
正解：D
解説：
The Kubernetes object definition file is in YAML format. Kubernetes objects are represented in the Kubernetes API, and you can express them in .yaml format. You can execute kubectl get deployment <deployment-name> -o yaml to get the deployment definition in a yaml format.
質問 # 58
Your organization has legacy virtual machine workloads that need to be managed within a Kubernetes deployment.
Which Kubernetes add-on would be used to satisfy this requirement?
- A. ADOT
- B. KubeVirt
- C. Canal
- D. Romana
正解：B
解説：
KubeVirt is a Kubernetes add-on that allows you to run and manage legacy virtual machine workloads alongside container workloads within a Kubernetes deployment. According to the KubeVirt website, KubeVirt is "a virtual machine management add-on for Kubernetes" that "aims to provide a common ground for virtualization solutions on top of Kubernetes". Other Kubernetes add- ons that are mentioned in the question are Canal, which is a network policy provider that combines Flannel and Calico; ADOT, which is a distribution of the OpenTelemetry Collector that supports tracing and metrics collection for AWS services; and Romana, which is a network and security automation solution that supports multiple network topologies and policies.
質問 # 59
Your e-commerce application is deployed on a public cloud. As compared to the rest of the year, it receives substantial traffic during the Christmas season.
In this scenario, which cloud computing feature automatically increases or decreases the resources based on the demand?
- A. broad network access
- B. resource pooling
- C. rapid elasticity
- D. on-demand self-service
正解：C
解説：
The cloud computing feature that automatically increases or decreases the resources based on the demand is known as rapid elasticity. In cloud computing, scaling is the process of adding or removing compute, storage, and network services to meet the demands a workload makes for resources in order to maintain availability and performance as utilization increases.
質問 # 60
You want to limit the memory, CPU, and network utilization of a set of processes running on a Linux host.
Which Linux feature would you configure in this scenario?
- A. control groups
- B. slicing
- C. network namespaces
- D. virtual routing and forwarding instances
正解：A
解説：
Control groups (cgroups) is a Linux kernel feature that limits, accounts for, and isolates the CPU, memory, disk I/O, and network usage of one or more processes. It allows you to allocate resources among user-defined groups of processes running on a system. You can monitor the groups of processes, deny the groups of processes access to certain resources, or even freeze groups of processes.
質問 # 61
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