[2023年05月10日]Fast2test Artificial-Intelligence-Foundation試験練習テスト問題（更新された40問あります)
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APMG-International Artificial-Intelligence-Foundation：Foundation Certification Artificial Intelligence Examは、AIの概念とアプリケーションを徹底的に理解したいと考えているプロフェッショナルを対象としています。この認定は、AIに新しいか、または限られた経験しかない個人を対象としています。試験は、機械学習、ニューラルネットワーク、自然言語処理などの基本的なAI概念をカバーしています。
APMG-International Artificial-Intelligence-Foundation Certificationを取得することで、プロフェッショナルにはいくつかの利点があります。AIの概念や原則を理解し実装することに専念することを証明し、キャリアの見通しを向上させることができます。また、認定を取得することで、プロフェッショナルは就職市場で競争優位性を得ることができ、同僚との差別化にも役立ちます。さらに、認定を取得することで、様々な産業におけるAIの専門知識に対する需要を活用することができます。
APMG-International Artificial-Intelligence-Foundation試験は、AI分野に新しく入った個人だけでなく、既存の知識やスキルを向上させたい人にも適しています。この認定プログラムは、個人がAIの基礎的な概念とその実践的な応用を明確に理解するのを支援するよう設計されています。この試験は、プロフェッショナルがAI分野における専門知識とコミットメントを証明することができ、キャリアアップと収益性の向上に役立つ優れた機会です。全体的に、APMG-International Artificial-Intelligence-Foundation試験は、急速に進化する人工知能分野で先を見据えたい人にとって必要不可欠な認定プログラムです。
質問 # 15
What is defined as a machine that can carry out a complex series of tasks automatically?
- A. A robot
- B. An autonomous vehicle.
- C. A production line.
- D. A computer.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot#:~:text=A%20robot%20is%20a%20machine,control%20may%20be%20em A computer is defined as a machine that can carry out a complex series of tasks automatically. Computers are used in a variety of applications, including artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, production lines, and autonomous vehicles. Computers are able to carry out complex tasks thanks to their ability to process large amounts of data quickly and accurately.
For more information, please refer to the BCS Foundation Certificate in Artificial Intelligence Study Guide: https://www.bcs.org/category/18076/bcs-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence-study-guide.
質問 # 16
Para View allows large data sets to be visualised on a parallel computer.
Which of the following is one of the techniques used?
- A. Eigen function analysis.
- B. Contour plot
- C. Dashboard.
- D. Norm calculation.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
ParaView is an open-source, multi-platform visualization application that allows large data sets to be visualized on a parallel computer. ParaView uses a variety of techniques to visualize data, including contour plots, which are useful for visualizing 3D data sets. Contour plots are created by plotting a set of curves connecting points of equal value, with each curve representing a particular value. This allows 3D data sets to be visualized in a 2D format, making it easier to understand the data.
References: [1] BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, Page number 19 [2] APMG International, "What is ParaView?", https://apmg-international.com/en/blog/what-is-paraview/ [3] EXIN,
"What is ParaView?", https://www.exin.com/blog/what-is-paraview/
質問 # 17
What term do computer scientists and economists use to describe how happy an agent is?
- A. Utility.
- B. Return
- C. Warm.
- D. Index.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
https://griffinshare.fontbonne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=ijds Computer scientists and economists use the term "utility" to describe how happy an agent is. Utility is a measure of satisfaction or preference, and it is used to evaluate an agent's satisfaction with a particular outcome. Utility can be used to determine the optimal decision or action for an agent to take in order to maximize its satisfaction. References:
[1] BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, "Decision Making and Planning", p.99-100. [2] APMG-International.com, "Foundations of Artificial Intelligence" [3] EXIN.com, "Foundations of Artificial Intelligence"
質問 # 18
In an Al project the domain expert is the person...
- A. who measures the trustworthiness of the Al system
- B. with special knowledge or skills in the area of endeavour and defines what is fit for purpose'
- C. with technical and managerial oversight of the business plan
- D. who manages the agile project and writes the technical terms of reference
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
In an AI project, a domain expert is a person with special knowledge or skills in that particular area of endeavour, and they are responsible for defining what is "fit for purpose" for the project. The domain expert provides insights into the problem and suggests ways to address it. They also provide guidance on evaluating and validating the AI system and its outputs. The domain expert is also responsible for communicating with stakeholders and providing feedback on the progress of the project. References:
* BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide (2019), AI & People, Chapter 12.
* https://www.apmg-international.com/en/al-adoption/domain-expert/
質問 # 19
In the 1800's the development of statistics led to___________theorem and is used in probabilistic inference.
(Select the missing word.)
- A. Boltzmann's
- B. Kolmogorov's
- C. Bayes'
- D. The central limit
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The development of statistics in the 1800s led to the development of the Bayes' theorem, named after Reverend Thomas Bayes. This theorem is used in probabilistic inference, which is the process of using data to calculate the likelihood of a hypothesis or outcome. The theorem is used for determining the probability of an event occurring given its prior probability, as well as its associated conditions. The Bayes' theorem is also used in a variety of fields, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, economics, and medical research.
Sources:
* BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide: https://www.bcs.org/category/18071
* APMG
International: https://www.apmg-international.com/en/qualifications/qualification-resources/bcs-foundatio
* EXIN: https://www.exin.com/en/certification/bcs-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence
質問 # 20
Tensor flow is a typical open source what?
- A. Cloud based AI application.
- B. Machine learning library.
- C. Agent based modelling application
- D. Intelligent robot paradigm.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. It has a comprehensive, flexible ecosystem of tools, libraries and community resources that lets researchers push the state-of-the-art in ML and developers easily build and deploy ML powered applications.
https://www.tensorflow.org/#:~:text=TensorFlow%20is%20an%20end%2Dto,and%20deploy%20ML%20power TensorFlow is an open source machine learning library created by Google. It is used for dataflow programming and is widely used for a variety of applications, including machine learning and deep learning.
TensorFlow enables developers to build, train and deploy machine learning models easily and quickly. It has built-in support for a variety of deep learning frameworks, such as convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and autoencoders.
For more information, please refer to the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide (https://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/bcs-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence-study-guide.pdf) or the EXIN Artificial Intelligence Foundation Certification (https://www.exin.com/en/exams/artificial-intelligence-foundation).
質問 # 21
In Machine learning what are a brain's axons called?
- A. Dendrites
- B. Edges
- C. Tetrahedra.
- D. Nodes
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
In Machine Learning, the brain's axons are referred to as nodes. Nodes are the components of a neural network that are responsible for processing the input data and generating the output. A node is a mathematical function that takes input data, performs a computation on it, and produces an output. Each node is connected to other nodes in the network via edges, which represent the strength of the connection between the respective nodes. The strength of the connection between two nodes is determined by the weights assigned to each edge.
The weights are adjusted during the training process to generate the desired results.
For more information, please refer to the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide (https://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/bcs-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence-study-guide.pdf) or the EXIN Artificial Intelligence Foundation Certification (https://www.exin.com/en/exams/artificial-intelligence-foundation).
質問 # 22
The EU's Ethical Guidelines use what to demonstrate trustworthy Al?
- A. Customer feedback.
- B. UN's sustainability goals.
- C. A quality assurance plan.
- D. A human-centric value system.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The European Union's Ethical Guidelines for Trustworthy AI use a human-centric value system to demonstrate that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is trustworthy. This value system is based on human rights, autonomy, safety, privacy, transparency, accountability and fairness. The guidelines also state that AI should be designed, developed and used in a manner that respects these values. References:
* https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethical-guidelines-trustworthy-ai
* BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide (2019), A.I & Ethics, Chapter 5.
質問 # 23
Sustainability focuses on which three core areas?
- A. Social, Economic and Environmental.
- B. Social, Economic and Entrepreneurial.
- C. Social, Entrepreneurial and Environmental.
- D. Scientific, Environmental and Economic.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The term sustainability is broadly used to indicate programs, initiatives and actions aimed at the preservation of a particular resource. However, it actually refers to four distinct areas: human, social, economic and environmental - known as the four pillars of sustainability.
https://www.futurelearn.com/info/courses/sustainable-business/0/steps/78337#:~:text=However%2C%20it%20ac Sustainability focuses on these three core areas because they all have an impact on the environment and society. Social sustainability is concerned with the relationships between people and how to create a society that is equitable and fair for all members. Economic sustainability focuses on the creation of a viable economic system that provides for the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Environmental sustainability focuses on protecting natural resources, ecosystems and habitats, and minimizing the impact of human activities on the environment.
References: https://www.bcs.org/more/certifications/foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence/ https://www
質問 # 24
What function is used in a Neural Network?
- A. Trigonometric.
- B. Activation.
- C. Statistical.
- D. Linear.
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Activation Functions
An activation function in a neural network defines how the weighted sum of the input is transformed into an output from a node or nodes in a layer of the network.
https://machinelearningmastery.com/choose-an-activation-function-for-deep-learning/#:~:text=An%20activation An activation function is a mathematical function used in a neural network to determine the output of a neuron. Activation functions are used to transform the inputs into an output signal and can range from simple linear functions to complex non-linear functions. Activation functions are an important part of neural networks and help the network learn patterns and generalize data. Types of activation functions include sigmoid, ReLU, tanh, and softmax. References: BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, https://bcs.org/certifications/foundation-certificates/artificial-intelligence/
質問 # 25
With a large dataset, limited computational resources or frequent new data to learn from, we can adopt what type of machine learning?
- A. Online learning.
- B. Patchwork learning.
- C. Big Data learning.
- D. Batch learning.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Online learning is a type of machine learning that can be used when a large dataset is limited in computational resources or if the data is frequently changing. It allows the system to learn from new data as it is being presented, rather than having to re-train the entire dataset each time new data is added. This makes it more efficient and effective than batch learning, as it only needs to process the new data and not the entire dataset.
Online learning is often used in applications such as fraud detection, where new data is constantly being added and needs to be analyzed quickly.
For more information, please refer to the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide (https://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/bcs-foundation-certificate-in-artificial-intelligence-study-guide.pdf) or the EXIN Artificial Intelligence Foundation Certification (https://www.exin.com/en/exams/artificial-intelligence-foundation).
質問 # 26
A human manipulates what using their intelligence?
- A. Mission
- B. Environment
- C. Objective
- D. Space
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Humans use their intelligence to manipulate their environment in order to achieve their objectives and complete their mission. This can involve a wide range of activities, such as building tools, constructing shelters, and creating strategies to solve problems. References: BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, https://bcs.org/ai/certificate/ and APMG International, https://www.apmg-international.com/qualifications/artificial-intelligence-foundation-certificate.
質問 # 27
An agent based model is a simul-ation of autonomous agents (individual and collective). What can be used to learn from the data generated by the simul-ations?
- A. Machine Learning.
- B. Python.
- C. A spreadsheet
- D. Paraview.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
An agent based model is a simulation of autonomous agents (individual and collective). Machine learning can be used to learn from the data generated by the simulations. Machine learning algorithms can analyze the data generated by simulations and identify patterns, which can then be used to help the agent make decisions and take actions. References:
[1] BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, "Simulation and Modelling", p.101-104.
[2] APMG-International.com, "Foundations of Artificial Intelligence" [3] EXIN.com, "Foundations of Artificial Intelligence"
質問 # 28
What are monotonous and repetitive tasks, that require accuracy BEST suited to?
- A. Artificial General Intelligence.
- B. Human.
- C. Human plus machine.
- D. Machine.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
Monotonous and repetitive tasks that require accuracy are best suited to machines. Machines are able to accurately and quickly perform tasks that require little to no creativity, such as data entry or image recognition.
This is because machines are able to process large amounts of data quickly and accurately, and are less likely to make mistakes than humans. Additionally, machines are able to process large amounts of data without becoming bored or distracted, making them ideal for tasks that require consistent accuracy. For more information, please see the BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide or the resources listed above.
Search results: BCS Foundation Certificate in Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, Chapter 4: Machine Learning: https://www.bcs.org/category/19669
質問 # 29
Narrow or weak Al can be useful to robots.
Which of the following is an example of narrow Al?
- A. Artificial General Al.
- B. Conscious simul-ation.
- C. Conscious integration.
- D. NLP - Natural Language Processing.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
NLP - Natural Language Processing is an example of narrow AI. It is a type of AI system that is able to understand, interpret, and generate natural language. NLP has become increasingly popular over the past few years, as it has been used to create applications such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and search engines. NLP systems are able to learn language and the context in which it is used, and they are able to understand the nuances of language and its different meanings. References: BCS Foundation Certificate In Artificial Intelligence Study Guide, https://bcs.org/certifications/foundation-certificates/artificial-intelligence/
質問 # 30
If Al undertakes routine and monotonous tasks and takes these away from humans, what will humans do?
- A. Change jobs.
- B. Sabotage the Al.
- C. Leisure activities
- D. Higher value work.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
Al is designed to take on routine and monotonous tasks, freeing up humans to take on more complex, higher value work. This can include tasks such as research, problem-solving, and decision-making. This shift in work roles is expected to increase productivity and efficiency, allowing humans to focus on more creative and innovative tasks. For example, robots can be used to automate mundane manufacturing processes, freeing up human workers to take on jobs that require more creative thinking and problem-solving.
References:
[1] https://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/foundation-certificate-ai-syllabus-v1.pdf [2] https://www.apmg-international
質問 # 31
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