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CompTIA DA0-001 は、CompTIA Data+ 認定の認定試験です。この認定は、データを扱う候補者のスキルと知識を検証するために設計されています。データの管理、データ分析、データベース技術の理解を試験するために設計されています。
質問 # 114
When analyzing the values of two variables, you decide to convert both variables so they are on a scale of 0 to 1.
What term describes this action?
- A. Transposition.
- B. Aggregation.
- C. Normalization.
- D. Filtering.
正解：C
解説：
Normalization is the process of reorganizing data in a database so that it meets two basic requirements: There is no redundancy of data, all data is stored in only one place. Data dependencies are logical, all related data items are stored together.
Put simply, data normalization ensures that your data looks, reads, and can be utilized the same way across all of the records in your customer database. This is done by standardizing the formats of specific fields and records within your customer database.
質問 # 115
Given the diagram below:
Which of the following data schemas shown?
- A. Relational database
- B. Key-value pairs
- C. Online transactional processing
- D. Data Lake
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
A relational database is a type of database that organizes data into tables, where each table has a fixed number of columns and a variable number of rows. Each row in a table represents a record or an entity, and each column represents an attribute or a property of that entity. The tables are linked by common fields, called keys, which enable the database to establish relationships between the data. A relational database schema is a diagram that shows the structure and organization of the tables, columns, keys, and constraints in a relational database. The diagram given in the question is an example of a relational database schema, as it shows two tables: "Runs" and "Experiments", with their respective columns, data types, and primary keys. The "Runs" table also has a foreign key that references the "ExperimentId" column in the "Experiments" table, indicating a relationship between the two tables. Therefore, the correct answer is D. References: What is a database schema? | IBM, Database Schema - Javatpoint
質問 # 116
Given the following data tables:
Which of the following MDM processes needs to take place FIRST?
- A. Standardization of data field names
- B. Consolidation of multiple data fields
- C. Compliance with regulations
- D. Creation of a data dictionary
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
This is because a data dictionary is a type of document that defines and describes the data elements, attributes, and relationships in a database or a data set. A data dictionary can be used to facilitate the MDM (Master Data Management) process, which is a process that aims to ensure the quality, consistency, and accuracy of the data across different sources and systems. By creating a data dictionary first, the analyst can establish a common understanding and standardization of the data field names, types, formats, and meanings, as well as identify any potential issues or conflicts in the data, such as missing values, duplicate values, or inconsistent values.
The other MDM processes can take place after creating a data dictionary. Here is why:
Compliance with regulations is a type of MDM process that ensures that the data meets the legal and ethical requirements and standards of the industry or the organization. Compliance with regulations can take place after creating a data dictionary, because the data dictionary can help the analyst to identify and apply the relevant rules and policies to the data, such as data privacy, security, or retention.
Standardization of data field names is a type of MDM process that ensures that the data field names are consistent and uniform across different sources and systems. Standardization of data field names can take place after creating a data dictionary, because the data dictionary can provide a reference and a guideline for naming and labeling the data fields, as well as resolving any discrepancies or ambiguities in the data field names.
Consolidation of multiple data fields is a type of MDM process that combines or merges the data fields from different sources or systems into a single source or system. Consolidation of multiple data fields can take place after creating a data dictionary because the data dictionary can help the analyst to map and match the data fields from different sources or systems based on their definitions and descriptions, as well as eliminating any redundant or duplicate data fields.
質問 # 117
Mario works with a group of R programmers tasked with copying data from an accounting system into a data warehouse.
In what phase are the group's R skills most relevant?
- A. Transform.
- B. Load.
- C. Purge.
- D. Extract.
正解：A
解説：
Correct answer C. Transform
The R programming language is used to manipulate and model data.
In the ETL process, this activity normally takes place during the Transform phase.
The Extract and Load phases typically use database-centric tools.
Purging data from database is typically done using SQL.
質問 # 118
A data analyst for a media company needs to determine the most popular movie genre. Given the table below:
Which of the following must be done to the Genre column before this task can be completed?
- A. Concatenate
- B. Append
- C. Delimit
- D. Merge
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
Delimiting is the process of splitting a column of data into multiple columns based on a separator or delimiter character. Delimiting can help separate data that is combined or concatenated in one column into distinct values or categories. For example, if a column contains text values that are separated by commas, such as
"Comedy, Suspense", delimiting can split this column into two columns, one for "Comedy" and one for
"Suspense". Delimiting is different from other options, such as appending, merging, or concatenating, which are methods of combining or joining data from multiple columns or sources. In this case, the data analyst needs to determine the most popular movie genre based on the Genre column in the table. However, this column contains multiple genres for each movie, separated by commas. Therefore, the data analyst must delimit this column before this task can be completed. Therefore, the correct answer is D. References: Split text into different columns with functions - Office Support, How to Split Text in Excel (Using Formulas & Split Function)
質問 # 119
An analyst has received the requirements for an internal user dashboard. The analyst confirms the data sources and then creates a wireframe. Which of the following is the NEXT step the analyst should take in the dashboard creation process?
- A. Optimize the dashboard.
- B. Deploy to production.
- C. Get stakeholder approval.
- D. Create subscriptions.
正解：A
質問 # 120
A data analyst has been asked to create a sales report that calculates the rolling 12-month average for sales. If the report will be published on November 1, 2020, which of the following months shouts the report cover?
- A. October 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020
- B. November 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020
- C. October 31, 2019 to October 31, 2020
- D. October 31, 2020 to November 1, 2021
正解：B
質問 # 121
A data analyst is asked to create a sales report for the second-quarter 2020 board meeting, which will include a review of the business's performance through the second quarter. The board meeting will be held on July 15, 2020, after the numbers are finalized. Which of the following report types should the data analyst create?
- A. Real-time
- B. Self-service
- C. Dynamic
- D. Static
正解：D
質問 # 122
Given the following data tables:
Which of the following MDM processes needs to take place FIRST?
- A. Standardization of data field names
- B. Creation of a data dictionary
- C. Consolidation of multiple data fields
- D. Compliance with regulations
正解：A
質問 # 123
Which of the following best describes a difference between JSON and XML?
- A. JSON is quicker to read and write.
- B. JSON is much more difficult to parse.
- C. JSON strings are longer
- D. JSON has to use an end tag.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The best answer is A. JSON is quicker to read and write.
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format that is based on the JavaScript programming language and easy to understand and generate. JSON uses a simple syntax that consists of name-value pairs and arrays, and does not require any end tags or attributes. JSON is quicker to read and write than XML (Extensible Markup Language), which is a markup language that uses a tag structure to represent data items. XML has a more complex and verbose syntax that requires end tags, attributes, and namespaces123
質問 # 124
Given the following report:
Which of the following components need to be added to ensure the report is point-in-time and static? (Choose two.)
- A. The date when the report was last accessed
- B. A summary of the KPIs
- C. Filter buttons for the status
- D. The time period the report covers
- E. The date on which the report was run
- F. A control group for the phrases
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The date on which the report was run. This is because the time period the report covers and the date on which the report was run are two components that need to be added to ensure the report is point-in-time and static, which means that the report shows the data as it was at a specific moment or interval in time, and does not change or update with new data. By adding the time period the report covers and the date on which the report was run, the analyst can indicate when and for how long the data was collected and analyzed, as well as avoid any confusion or ambiguity about the currency or validity of the data. The other components do not need to be added to ensure the report is point-in-time and static. Here is why:
A control group for the phrases is a type of group that serves as a baseline or a reference for comparison with another group that is exposed to some treatment or intervention, such as a target phrase in this case. A control group for the phrases does not need to be added to ensure the report is point-in-time and static, because it does not affect the time frame or the stability of the data. However, a control group for the phrases could be useful for evaluating the effectiveness or impact of the target phrases on customer satisfaction or retention.
A summary of the KPIs is a type of document that provides an overview or a highlight of the key performance indicators (KPIs), which are measurable values that indicate how well an organization or a process is achieving its goals or objectives. A summary of the KPIs does not need to be added to ensure the report is point-in-time and static, because it does not affect the time frame or the stability of the data. However, a summary of the KPIs could be useful for communicating or presenting the main findings or insights from the report.
Filter buttons for the status are a type of feature or function that allows users to select or deselect certain values or categories in a column or a table, such as ticket statuses in this case. Filter buttons for the status do not need to be added to ensure the report is point-in-time and static, because they do not affect the time frame or the stability of the data. However, filter buttons for the status could be useful for exploring or analyzing different aspects or segments of the data.
質問 # 125
Which of the following would a data analyst look for first if 100% participation is needed on survey results?
- A. Missing data
- B. Redundant data
- C. Duplicate data
- D. Invalid data
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Missing data is a type of data quality issue that occurs when some values in a data set are not recorded or available. Missing data can affect the validity and reliability of survey results, especially if the missing values are not random or ignorable. Missing data can also reduce the sample size and the statistical power of the analysis12 If 100% participation is needed on survey results, a data analyst would look for missing data first, because missing data would indicate that some participants did not complete or submit the survey, or that some responses were not recorded or transmitted correctly. A data analyst would need to identify the causes and patterns of missing data, and apply appropriate methods to handle or prevent missing data, such as imputation, deletion, weighting, or follow-up12
質問 # 126
A research analyst collects ten data points from 1.000 specimens. The analyst will not need any additional data to complete the analysis and will not need to retrieve information by specifier. Which of the following is the best data structure for the analyst to use?
- A. JSON
- B. NoSQL
- C. Relational database
- D. Flat file
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
A flat file is a type of data structure that stores data in a plain text format, such as CSV, TSV, or TXT. A flat file consists of one or more records, each containing one or more fields, separated by a delimiter, such as a comma, tab, or space. A flat file does not have any hierarchical or relational structure, and does not support any complex queries or operations1.
A flat file may be the best data structure for the analyst to use in this scenario, because:
The analyst collects ten data points from 1,000 specimens, which means the data is relatively small and simple, and can be easily stored and processed in a flat file.
The analyst will not need any additional data to complete the analysis, which means the data is static and does not require any updates or modifications.
The analyst will not need to retrieve information by specifier, which means the data does not require any indexing or searching by key or value.
質問 # 127
A data analyst has a set with more than 40.000 rows in the sample schema below:
The analyst would like to create one column that contains the customers' birth dates. Which of the following data quality dimensions would BEST explain the reason for compilation?
- A. Data completeness
- B. Data duplication
- C. Data accuracy
- D. Data integrity
正解：D
質問 # 128
Which of the following is a characteristic of a relational database?
- A. It utilizes key-value pairs.
- B. It is structured in nature.
- C. It uses minimal memory.
- D. It has undefined fields.
正解：B
質問 # 129
A data analyst has been asked to organize the table below in the following ways:
By sales from high to low -
By state in alphabetic order -
Which of the following functions will allow the data analyst to organize the table in this manner?
- A. Filtering
- B. Conditional formatting
- C. Grouping
- D. Sorting
正解：D
質問 # 130
James wants to analyze profit based on sales of five different product categories.
His source data set consists of 5.8 million rows with columns including region, product category, product name, and sales price.
How should he manipulate the data to facilitate his analysis?
Choose the best answer.
- A. Transpose by region and summarize.
- B. Transpose by product name and summarize.
- C. Transpose by sales price and summarize.
- D. Transpose by product category and summarize.
正解：D
解説：
Correct answer B. Transpose by product category and summarize.
We can transpose this data by product category to perform this analysis broken out by product category.
Transposing by sales price, region, or product name will not further his state analytical goal.
質問 # 131
Which of the following is an example of a discrete data type?
- A. 5 kids
- B. 10.7lbs (4.9kg)
- C. 8in (20cm)
- D. 2.5mi (4km)
正解：A
質問 # 132
Taylor wants to investigate how manufacturing, marketing, and sales expenditures impact overall profitability for her company.
Which of the following systems is the most appropriate?
- A. Data mart.
- B. OLTP.
- C. OLAP.
- D. Data warehouse.
正解：D
解説：
A Data mart is too narrow, because Taylor needs data from across multiple divisions.
OLAP is a broad term for analytical processing, and OLTP systems are transactional and not ideal for the task. Since Taylor is working with data across multiple different divisions, she will work with a Data warehouse.
質問 # 133
You would like to combine the text in two different strings to form a single string.
What action are you performing?
- A. Concatenation.
- B. Parsing.
- C. Case conversion.
- D. Trimming.
正解：A
解説：
Simply defined, concatenation is the act of linking things together. In Microsoft Excel, the concatenation function is one of many text functions, which allows users to combine data distributed over multiple columns.
The concatenation of two or more numbers is the number formed by concatenating their numerals.
For example, the concatenation of 1, 234, and 5678 is 12345678.
質問 # 134
An e-commerce company recently tested a new website layout. The website was tested by a test group of customers, and an old website was presented to a control group. The table below shows the percentage of users in each group who made purchases on the websites:
Which of the following conclusions is accurate at a 95% confidence interval?
- A. In France, the increase in conversion from the new layout was not significant.
- B. The new layout has the lowest conversion rates in the United Kingdom.
- C. In Germany, the increase in conversion from the new layout was not significant.
- D. In general, users who visit the new website are more likely to make a purchase.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The p-value is a measure of how likely it is to observe a difference in conversion rates as large or larger than the one observed, assuming that there is no difference between the groups. A common threshold for statistical significance is 0.05, meaning that there is a 5% or less chance of observing such a difference by chance alone.
The table shows the p-values for each country, and we can see that only Germany has a p-value above 0.05 (0.13). This means that we cannot reject the null hypothesis that there is no difference in conversion rates between the test and control groups in Germany. Therefore, the increase in conversion from the new layout was not significant in Germany. For the other countries, the p-values are below 0.05, indicating that the increase in conversion from the new layout was statistically significant. Option A is correct.
Option B is incorrect because the increase in conversion from the new layout was significant in France (p-value = 0.002).
Option C is incorrect because it does not account for the variation across countries. While the overall conversion rate for the test group (8.4%) is higher than the control group (6.8%), this difference may not be statistically significant when we consider the country-specific effects.
Option D is incorrect because the new layout has the highest conversion rate in the United Kingdom (9.6%), not the lowest.
References:
P-value Calculator & Statistical Significance Calculator
p-value Calculator | Formula | Interpretation
How to obtain the P value from a confidence interval | The BMJ
Confidence Intervals & P-values for Percent Change / Relative Difference
質問 # 135
A data analyst for a media company needs to determine the most popular movie genre. Given the table below:
Which of the following must be done to the Genre column before this task can be completed?
- A. Concatenate
- B. Append
- C. Delimit
- D. Merge
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The action that must be done to the Genre column before this task can be completed is delimit. Delimit is a process of separating or splitting a string of text into multiple parts based on a delimiter, which is a character or a sequence of characters that marks the boundary between the parts. For example, a comma (,) or a semicolon (;) can be used as a delimiter. In this case, the Genre column contains multiple genres for each movie, separated by commas. To determine the most popular movie genre, the data analyst needs to delimit the Genre column by commas, so that each genre can be counted and compared separately. The other options are not relevant for this task, as they are related to combining or joining strings or tables, not separating them.
Append is a process of adding or attaching one string or table to the end of another string or table. Merge is a process of combining or joining two or more tables into one table based on a common column or key.
Concatenate is a process of joining or linking two or more strings together into one string. Reference: [How to Split Text in Excel - Exceljet]
質問 # 136
Which of the following contains alphanumeric values?
- A. 13.6
- B. A3J7
- C. 10.1E2
- D. 0
正解：B
質問 # 137
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