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LPI 202-450試験は、60の多肢選択問題と穴埋め問題が含まれ、90分以内に完了する必要があります。この試験は、ファイル共有の設定、ネットワークファイルシステム、ネットワーククライアント管理、高度なシステムセキュリティ、ファイアウォールの構成など、幅広いトピックを網羅しています。この試験は、候補者が実際のシナリオに知識を適用し、Linux管理に関連する複雑な問題を解決する能力を評価するために設計されています。
LPI 202-450試験に合格するには、候補者はLinux管理の概念をしっかりと理解し、この知識を実際のシナリオに適用できる必要があります。また、Linuxのコマンドラインツール、シェルスクリプト、システム監視ツールにも精通している必要があります。この試験は、Linux管理のキャリアを進めたいITプロフェッショナルに最適であり、LPIC-2認定は世界中の多くの企業や団体に認められています。この試験に合格することは、彼らのスキルと知識を証明するだけでなく、持続的な学習と専門的な成長に対する彼らの取り組みを示すものでもあります。
質問 # 15
What is the standard port used by OpenVPN?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The standard port used by OpenVPN is 1194. OpenVPN is a VPN daemon that supports SSL/TLS security, ethernet bridging, TCP or UDP tunnel transport, and other features. OpenVPN can be configured to listen on any port, but the default port is 1194, which is registered with the IANA for OpenVPN. The port number can be specified in the OpenVPN configuration file using the port directive. For example:
port 1194
This will instruct OpenVPN to listen on port 1194. The port number must match on both the server and the client sides of the connection. The port number can also be specified as an argument to the openvpn command.
For example:
openvpn --port 1194
This will run OpenVPN with port 1194 as the default port.
References:
Reference Manual For OpenVPN 2.6 | OpenVPN
Reference Manual For OpenVPN 2.0 | OpenVPN
Which ports to open for VPN PPTP, L2TP, IPsec, OpenVPN and ... - ITIGIC
質問 # 16
How must Samba be configured such that it can check CIFS passwords against those found in /etc/passwd and
/etc/shadow?
- A. Run smbpasswd to convert /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow to a Samba password file
- B. It is not possible for Samba to use /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow directly
- C. Delete the smbpasswd file and create a symbolic link to the passwd and shadow file
- D. Set the parameters "encrypt passwords = yes", "password file = /etc/passwd" and "password algorithm = crypt"
- E. Set the parameters "encrypt passwords = yes" and "password file = /etc/passwd"
正解：B
質問 # 17
When using mod_authz_core, which of the following strings can be used as an argument to Require in an Apache HTTPD configuration file to specify the authentication provider? (Choose three.)
- A. header
- B. regex
- C. expr
- D. method
- E. all
正解：C、D、E
質問 # 18
Which doveadm sub-command displays a list of connections of Dovecot in the following format? (Specify ONLY the command without any parameters.)
正解：
解説：
who
質問 # 19
According to this LDIF excerpt, which organizational unit is Robert Smith part of? (Specify only the organizational unit.)
正解：
解説：
people
Explanation:
The LDIF excerpt shows the distinguished name (dn) of Robert Smith as "cn=Robert Smith, ou=people, dc=example, dc=com". The organizational unit (ou) attribute is used to represent an organizational unit in which an entry resides. In this case, Robert Smith is part of the "people" organizational unit.
References:
[OpenLDAP Software 2.6 Administrator's Guide: The LDIF File Format]: The official documentation of OpenLDAP on the LDIF file format, which explains the syntax and structure of LDIF entries and attributes.
[LDAP Data Interchange Format (LDIF) - Version 1]: The RFC 2849 document that defines the LDAP Data Interchange Format (LDIF), which is a common format for exchanging LDAP data.
質問 # 20
Which of the following DNS record types is used for reverse DNS queries?
- A. CNAME
- B. REV
- C. RIN
- D. PTR
- E. IN
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
Reverse DNS queries are used to find the domain name associated with an IP address. To perform reverse DNS queries, DNS servers use a special type of record called PTR (pointer) record. A PTR record maps an IP address to a hostname in the reverse lookup zone. For example, a PTR record for the IP address
185.230.63.186 would point to the hostname unalocated.63.wixsite.com. Reverse DNS queries are useful for validating email servers, troubleshooting network problems, and identifying malicious hosts. References:
2 Ways to Perform Reverse DNS lookups in Linux - howtouselinux
Linux managing DNS servers (LPIC-2) GitHub
LPI Linux Certification/LPIC2 Exam 202/DNS - Wikibooks
質問 # 21
What word is missing from the following excerpt of a named.conf file?
- A. net
- B. group
- C. networks
- D. acl
- E. list
正解：D
質問 # 22
What is the path to the global Postfix configuration file? (Specify the full name of the file, including path.)
正解：
解説：
/etc/postfix/main.cf
Explanation:
The global Postfix configuration file is located at /etc/postfix/main.cf. This file contains the main parameters that control the behavior of the Postfix mail server. It is a plain text file that consists of parameter-value pairs, comments, and blank lines. The syntax of the file is as follows:
parameter = value
commentThe parameter names are case-insensitive, and the values can be enclosed in quotes if they contain spaces or special characters. The values can also reference other parameters by using the $parameter syntax.
The file can be edited manually or by using the postconf command. The postconf command can also be used to display the current values of the parameters, or to set new values. For example:
postconf -d # display default values of all parameters postconf -n # display non-default values of all parameters postconf -e 'parameter = value' # set a new value for a parameter The main.cf file is read by Postfix when it starts or reloads. To reload Postfix after making changes to the file, use the command:
postfix reload
References:
LPIC-2 Exam 202 Objectives, Objective 205.3: Managing a postfix server
Postfix Basic Configuration, Postfix Documentation
Postfix Configuration Parameters, Postfix Documentation
How do I change postfix configuration after installing it?, Server Fault What are the Configuration Files for Postfix, The Geek Search
質問 # 23
Fill in the blank.
Which directive in a Nginx server configuration block defines the TCP ports on which the virtual host will be available, and which protocols it will use?
(Specify ONLY the option name without any values.)
正解：
解説：
listen
質問 # 24
If there is no access directive, what is the default setting for OpenLDAP?
- A. Option D
- B. Option B
- C. Option C
- D. Option A
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
According to the OpenLDAP Software 2.6 Administrator's Guide1, the default access control policy is allow read by all clients. This means that if there is no access directive, any client can read any entry or attribute in the directory, but cannot modify or delete them. Therefore, option C is the correct answer, as it represents this policy. Option A is incorrect, as it grants write access to all clients, which is not the default. Option B is incorrect, as it denies access to all clients, which is also not the default. Option D is incorrect, as it grants read and write access only to the rootdn, which is the superuser of the directory, and denies access to all other clients.
References:
OpenLDAP Software 2.6 Administrator's Guide: Access Control: The official documentation of OpenLDAP on how to configure access control for the directory server.
質問 # 25
In order to specify alterations to an LDAP entry, what keyword is missing from the following LDIF file excerpt?
Specify the keyword only and no other information.
正解：
解説：
modify
Explanation
In the context of LDAP, when alterations need to be specified to an entry, the "changetype: modify" keyword is used in the LDIF file. This keyword indicates that modifications are to be made to the existing LDAP entry.
The modify operation can be used to add, replace, or delete attributes and their values. The syntax of the modify operation is as follows:
changetype: modify add: attribute attribute: valuereplace: attribute attribute: valuedelete: attribute attribute:
value
Each modify operation is separated by a hyphen (-) and a blank line separates different entries. The attribute;binary subtype can be used to indicate that the attribute values are binary data. The LDIF syntax for reading a binary value from a file is:
attribute;binary:< file:///path/to/file
References:
LPIC-2 Exam 202 Objectives, Objective 207.3: LDAP Operations
How To Use LDIF Files to Make Changes to an OpenLDAP System, DigitalOcean Modifying Entries Using ldapmodify, Oracle ldap - ldapadd/ldapmodify: clarifications needed about these commands, Server Fault Modify Attribute type definition on LDAP server, Stack Overflow
質問 # 26
Which command is used to administer IPv6 netfilter rules?
- A. iptables
- B. ipv6tables
- C. iptables6
- D. ip6tables
- E. iptablesv6
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The command that is used to administer IPv6 netfilter rules is ip6tables. ip6tables is a command-line tool that allows the user to configure the tables, chains, and rules of the IPv6 packet filter in the Linux kernel. Netfilter is a framework that provides packet filtering, network address translation, and other functions for the Linux kernel. ip6tables can be used to create firewall rules, port forwarding rules, network address translation rules, and other types of rules that affect the flow of IPv6 packets. ip6tables has a similar syntax and functionality to iptables, which is the tool for IPv4 netfilter rules. However, ip6tables and iptables are independent of each other and have separate tables, chains, and rules. ip6tables can also be used in conjunction with ip6tables-restore and ip6tables-save, which are tools to save and restore the ip6tables rules to and from a file.
The other options are not correct. iptables is the tool for IPv4 netfilter rules, not IPv6. iptablesv6, iptables6, and ipv6tables are not valid commands in Linux.
References:
ip6tables - Linux manual page
Netfilter - Wikipedia
How to Configure IPTables for IPv6 on Linux
質問 # 27
Which netfilter table contains built-in chains called INPUT, OUTPUTand FORWARD?
- A. filter
- B. nat
- C. default
- D. ipconn
- E. masq
正解：A
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Reference: http://shorewall.org/NetfilterOverview.html
質問 # 28
What configuration directive of the Apache HTTPD server defines where log files are stored?
(Specify ONE of the directives without any other options.)
正解：
解説：
ErrorLog
質問 # 29
In order to prevent all anonymous FTP users from listing uploaded file names, what security precaution can be taken when creating an upload directory?
- A. The directory must not have the execute permission set.
- B. The directory must not have the read permission set.
- C. The directory must not contain other directories.
- D. The directory must not have the write permission set.
- E. The directory must not have the read or execute permission set.
正解：E
解説：
Explanation
To prevent anonymous FTP users from listing uploaded file names, the upload directory must not have the read or execute permission set for the anonymous user or group. The read permission allows the user to view the contents of a file or directory, while the execute permission allows the user to enter or search a directory.
Therefore, removing both permissions will prevent the user from accessing or listing the files in the upload directory. However, the write permission can be left on, as it allows the user to create or modify files in the directory, which is the purpose of an upload directory. References:
LPIC-2 Exam 202-450 Objectives, Topic 211: File Sharing, Objective 211.2: Manage FTP Service, Weight: 3 LPIC-2 Linux Professional Institute Certification Study Guide: Exam 201 and Exam 202, Chapter 9:
File Sharing, FTP, p. 353-354
Linux File Permissions Explained, Read, Write, and Execute Permissions, p. 2-4
質問 # 30
Which of the statements below are correct regarding the following commands, which are executed on a Linux router? (Choose two.)
- A. ip6tables returns an error for the second command because the affected network is already part of another rule
- B. The rules disable packet forwarding because network nodes always use addresses from fe80::/64 to identify routers in their routing tables
- C. Both ip6tables commands complete without an error message or warning
- D. The rules suppress any automatic configuration through router advertisements or DHCPv6
- E. Packets with source or destination addresses from fe80::/64 will never occur in the FORWARD chain
正解：C、D
質問 # 31
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LPI 202-450認定は、IT業界で高く評価されており、多くのトップ雇用主によって認められています。この認定は、Linuxの専門家が高度なレベルのスキルと知識を実証する優れた方法であり、より良い雇用機会とより高い給与につながる可能性があります。さらに、LPIC-2認定を獲得することは、専門能力開発へのコミットメントと、Linux業界の最新のトレンドとテクノロジーに最新の状態を維持することへの献身を示しています。
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