最新 [2026年02月13日]CTFL-AcT試験正確解答ISTQB Foundation Level - Acceptance TestingのPDF問題
あなたのキャリアーを稼いで飛躍せよISQI 80問題
ISQI CTFL-AcT 認定試験の出題範囲：
| トピック | 出題範囲 |
|---|---|
| トピック 1 |
|
| トピック 2 |
|
| トピック 3 |
|
| トピック 4 |
|
| トピック 5 |
|
質問 # 10
You are leading a brand new project team whose members are coming from all over the organization and have no former experience in working together. You need to build a common vision and team spirit. What workshop would fit BEST:
- A. You draw a staircase with 11 steps, each of them representing a major milestone of the project. The bottom of the stairs corresponds to the first day of the project and the upper step means that the project is released. You locate the present situation in the top of the stairs. The team is asked to identify and discuss the major steps downwards.
- B. You ask every member in turn to write down three things he/she likes and dislikes in the organization and to post them on a wall. A volunteer is then chosen to read randomly some posts that are then discussed with the group.
- C. You invite every member in turn to describe his/her past experience and his/her major achievements in the organization or in their former job.
- D. You invite the team members and ask them to design their own (team-wise) emblem representing their values, beliefs, goals, tasks together than a common motto.
正解：D
質問 # 11
Assume you would like to create a model describing a loan request process in a bank.
The loan request process starts when the customer submits a loan application. The bank then reviews the application. Regardless of whether the loan request is approved or not, a letter is sent to inform the customer of the decision. If the request is approved, the loan contract is created.
You have drawn the following business process model using BPMN 2.0.
Which one of the following sentences is true with respect to this process model?
- A. Creating the loan contract is defined as a sub-process.
- B. Performing title search and requesting credit report are sequential tasks.
- C. A review credit report is optional when reviewing the loan application.
- D. Verifying employment is not done when the loan status is rejected.
正解：A
質問 # 12
What is considered as good practice regarding business process modeling?
- A. Business analysts should finalize their process models before showing them to acceptance testers.
- B. BPMN diagrams and DMN tables should include information such as traceability to user stories.
- C. Links to requirements or risks should be well separated from the workflow description.
- D. Keeping all model element in one diagram considerably improves the readability of BMPN models.
正解：B
質問 # 13
Which one of the following statements regarding the quality of requirements is MOST correct?
- A. In Agile development lifecycle models, requirement engineering becomes less important due to the product owner role.
- B. INVEST is a technique that ensure the quality of user stories or requirements, thus replacing regular reviews.
- C. Testers may complete unclear requirements by assumptions, as long as they discuss those assumptions with at least one stakeholder.
- D. Vague or ambiguous requirements may lead to misunderstandings both during implementation and testing.
正解：D
解説：
Poorly defined requirements are a leading cause of defects and project failure. According to the ISTQB CTFL Acceptance Testing Syllabus and IQBBA FL Syllabus, the quality of requirements plays a critical role in successful solution development and acceptance testing. Requirements must be clear, unambiguous, complete, and testable. When they are vague or ambiguous, stakeholders may interpret them differently, which can lead to incorrect implementations, inadequate testing, and ultimately rework or rejection during acceptance.
Option A is explicitly supported by the ISTQB Foundation Syllabus and IQBBA principles. In contrast:
Option B is incorrect because Agile lifecycles still place great emphasis on requirement engineering, even though requirements evolve iteratively.
Option C misrepresents INVEST: it is a guideline for writing good user stories but does not replace reviews or validation techniques.
Option D is risky and not endorsed by ISTQB. While testers may identify ambiguities, the correct approach is to clarify them with all relevant stakeholders, not make assumptions.
Exact Reference - ISTQB CTFL Acceptance Testing Syllabus (Section 1.3.1):
"Ambiguous, incomplete, or inconsistent requirements increase the risk of misunderstanding between stakeholders, leading to incorrect implementation and ineffective tests."
質問 # 14
Which one of the following statements describes the collaboration between business analysts and testers BEST?
- A. Once the requirements and acceptance criteria have been defined, business analysts are no longer involved in testing activities.
- B. Business analysts collaborate on test planning and risk analysis to ensure that further on, appropriate test cases are developed and prioritized.
- C. Testers participate in identifying business needs of stakeholders to better understand the business needs and related requirements.
- D. Business analysts usually cannot review acceptance tests, because they do not understand the technical details.
正解：B
解説：
The ISTQB CTFL Acceptance Testing Syllabus emphasizes the importance of collaboration between business analysts and testers throughout the testing lifecycle, especially during test planning and risk identification.
Business analysts contribute domain knowledge and business context, which is crucial in identifying business- critical areas, defining priorities, and ensuring that acceptance tests align with business goals.
Option A correctly identifies this collaboration. During test planning, business analysts help define acceptance criteria, identify risks from a business perspective, and support test prioritization to focus on high-value features. Their early involvement ensures that acceptance tests are meaningful and support stakeholder expectations.
Option B is incorrect as business analysts actively review acceptance tests to confirm alignment with business rules, regardless of technical complexity.
Option C is inaccurate because although testers seek to understand business needs, the responsibility for identifying those needs lies with business analysts.
Option D is incorrect; business analysts remain engaged throughout the project lifecycle, including test support and defect triage.
Exact Reference - ISTQB CTFL Acceptance Testing Syllabus (Section 1.4):
"Testers and business analysts collaborate during test planning and analysis activities to ensure the tests meet business needs and risk areas are adequately covered." Therefore, A provides the most accurate and comprehensive description.
質問 # 15
Which one of the following test design techniques fits accepting testing purposes BEST?
- A. static code analysis
- B. equivalence partitioning
- C. defect-based test design
- D. input validation
正解：B
質問 # 16
As an acceptance tester you want to test the $100 withdrawal process described by the following BPMN model.
You would like to achieve decision coverage. Consider the following test cases: Test 1: balance = $100, receipt = YES Test 2: balance = $99 Test 3: balance = $120, receipt = NO Test 4: balance = $2500, receipt = YES Which of the following is the minimal set of test cases allowing to achieve full decision coverage?
- A. Test 1, Test 2, Test 3
- B. Test 1, Test 2
- C. Test 2, Test 3
- D. Test 1, Test 2, Test 4
正解：B
解説：
The goal here is to achieve full decision coverage (also known as branch coverage), which means each decision point in the process must evaluate to both TRUE and FALSE at least once during testing.
From the BPMN ATM withdrawal model, we identify two key decisions:
Is the balance # $100?
If yes, is receipt = YES?
To achieve full decision coverage:
One test must evaluate decision 1 as TRUE and another as FALSE.
If decision 1 is TRUE, then decision 2 must be exercised both ways (receipt = YES and NO), but for minimal decision coverage, one path through decision 2 is enough.
Analyzing test cases:
Test 1 (balance = $100, receipt = YES): decision 1 = TRUE, decision 2 = TRUE Test 2 (balance = $99): decision 1 = FALSE These two tests ensure:
Decision 1 evaluated TRUE (Test 1) and FALSE (Test 2)
Decision 2 evaluated at least once (receipt = YES in Test 1)
Thus, Test 1 and Test 2 form the minimal set for full decision coverage.
Other options:
C and D are redundant for the minimal set.
A includes an extra test not needed for minimal decision coverage.
質問 # 17
Which one of the following statements about the relation between business goals, business needs and requirements is true?
- A. Business goals, business needs and requirements describe, at different levels of abstraction, what shall be archived
- B. Business requirements are generally developed by refining product requirements.vhbj
- C. Business goals can be extracted from product requirements
- D. Once the business requirements are elicited, business analysts start to formalize business goals for the project.
正解：A
解説：
The relationship between business goals, business needs, and requirements is hierarchical and reflects increasing levels of specificity:
Business Goals: High-level strategic objectives.
Business Needs: Problems or opportunities that must be addressed to achieve those goals.
Requirements: Specific capabilities or conditions the system must satisfy to meet the needs.
Option B is correct because it accurately describes how these elements relate at different abstraction levels in the requirements hierarchy. This relationship is fundamental to business analysis and accepted by standards like BABOK and ISTQB.
Other options:
A is reversed - business goals usually precede and drive the elicitation of requirements.
C and D misrepresent the sequence - product requirements are derived from business goals and needs, not the other way around.
B). Business goals, business needs and requirements describe, at different levels of abstraction, what shall be achieved
質問 # 18
Which one of the following statements regarding ATDD / BDD is true?
- A. In both Acceptance-Test Driven Development (ATD and Behavior-Driven Development (BD, acceptance test cases are written by a test automation engineer as test automation code.
- B. Behavior-Driven Development (BDD. considers acceptance test design as an activity to be handled by the test team after requirements have been finalized.
- C. In both Acceptance-Test Driven Development (ATDD. and Behavior-Driven Development (BDD., test cases provide examples of product use.
- D. In Acceptance-Test Driven Development (ATDD., test cases are written prior to the acceptance criteria.
正解：C
質問 # 19
Which of the following information is most likely part of an acceptance test summary report?
- A. Information to evaluate the level of risk for product release.
- B. Test strategy and test design methods.
- C. Technical details on defect fixes.
- D. Test procedure information.
正解：A
解説：
An acceptance test summary report is a high-level document produced at the end of acceptance testing. It provides stakeholders (especially business owners and decision-makers) with essential information to determine whether the system meets the acceptance criteria and whether it is ready for release.
Option A is correct because understanding the residual risk - based on test results, open defects, and coverage - is critical for release decisions. The summary report includes test execution status, significant findings, defect summaries, and an overall risk assessment.
Other options:
B (technical details on defect fixes) belong more in defect or technical reports, not in the acceptance summary.
C (test strategy/design methods) are part of the test plan, not the summary report.
D (test procedure info) is operational detail, not suited for a high-level summary report.
A). Information to evaluate the level of risk for product release.
質問 # 20
Which one of the following arguments is the BEST reason to add additional information to BPMN diagrams?
- A. Link to risks provide input to testers for selecting regression tests
- B. Links to requires test equipment facilitate test case reviews of stakeholders
- C. Link to requirements / user stories enable testers to execute the tests
- D. Link to priorities help test case authors to write comprehensive test cases
正解：A
解説：
In BPMN models, additional annotations such as links to requirements, test data, or risks improve the value of the diagram for downstream stakeholders like testers. When BPMN tasks or flows are linked to known risks, testers can prioritize regression test cases accordingly - a key principle in risk-based testing.
Option D is correct because linking risks to business processes gives testers meaningful input for deciding which parts of the system require deeper or repeated testing.
Other options:
A: Priority links are useful, but less impactful than risk-based test selection.
B: Links to test equipment are not commonly embedded in process diagrams and are more relevant to hardware or system integration testing.
C: Linking to requirements helps traceability, but execution readiness is more closely tied to test cases and data than to BPMN.
D). Link to risks provide input to testers for selecting regression tests
質問 # 21
Which one of the following statements regarding the graphical representation of business processes is true?
- A. Graphical representations of business processes must describe the complete workflow in detail, including alternative and error scenarios.
- B. For acceptance testing, graphical business process models should focus on the user workflows to be tested.
- C. Business processes should be described graphically using the DMN standard and completed with decision tables.
- D. Using decision tables in BPMN allows defining test conditions corresponding to the business rules under test.
正解：B
解説：
Graphical representations of business processes, particularly using BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation), serve as a bridge between business stakeholders and testers. These models help visualize the steps a user or system goes through, making it easier to derive test cases.
Option C is correct because acceptance testing aims to validate the system's behavior from the user or business perspective. Therefore, focusing on key user workflows (rather than exhaustive technical or exception paths) aligns with the purpose of acceptance testing: to ensure that the system meets agreed-upon business requirements.
Option A is incorrect because decision tables are part of DMN (Decision Model and Notation), not BPMN.
Option B is too rigid - not all alternative/error paths must be modeled in early acceptance testing unless they are critical to business rules.
Option D misapplies the standards - DMN is used to model business rules, not the complete business process.
C). For acceptance testing, graphical business process models should focus on the user workflows to be tested.
質問 # 22
Which tool fits the mentioned acceptance test activities BEST?
- A. Model-based testing tools for managing incidents.
- B. Business process management tools for modeling business processes and rules.
- C. Test management and automation tools for business process model-based acceptance test generation.
- D. Requirements management tools for managing acceptance test execution campaigns.
正解：B
質問 # 23
As a tester you participate in the project of the decision support system for granting a loan. You are asked to review the acceptance criteria for the following requirement:
REQ 3.28. The automated system records critical credit application data (CCAD. needed to support application screening.
Assume that it is well known what kind of data CCAD are. Which of the following would be the BEST example of an acceptance criterion for this requirement?
- A. The CCAD is not recorded if it is incomplete and a message is displayed.
- B. The process for collecting CCAD meets corporate usability guidelines.
- C. The CCAD record process is quick and reversible.
- D. The CCAD are stored in the MySQL relational database after each successful data entry procedure.
正解：D
解説：
Acceptance criteria must be concrete, testable, and focused on observable system behavior. They define what the system must do to satisfy a requirement and help determine whether the requirement has been successfully implemented.
REQ 3.28 states: "The automated system records critical credit application data (CCAD) needed to support application screening." From this, we infer that the system must persistently store this data after data entry.
Option A is the best match because it provides a specific, observable behavior (CCAD being stored in a MySQL database after a successful entry) that can be verified through acceptance testing. It's a measurable outcome, aligned with the requirement's objective.
Other options are less suitable:
Option B introduces new behavior (displaying a message) not directly tied to the original requirement.
Option C is vague ("quick and reversible") and lacks measurable criteria.
Option D refers to usability guidelines, which is not directly relevant to the storage functionality stated in the requirement.
Exact Reference - ISTQB CTFL Acceptance Testing Syllabus (Section 1.3.2):
"Well-written acceptance criteria are unambiguous, testable, and focused on observable results."
質問 # 24
Which one of the following statements regarding performance testing is MOST correct?
- A. The performance of the system is measured in a context that reflects, as far as possible, representative operating conditions.
- B. Performance testing aims to determine a system's robustness against malicious attacks.
- C. Depending on the model used to simulate the workload, performance tests are called load, stress or endurance / stability tests.
- D. The performance test results serve to determine hardware and software performance requirements.
正解：C
解説：
Performance testing assesses how a system behaves under specific conditions, typically focusing on responsiveness, stability, and resource usage. The type of performance test depends on the workload model:
Load testing evaluates performance under expected peak usage.
Stress testing pushes the system beyond its capacity to assess limits.
Endurance/stability testing checks for performance degradation over extended periods.
Option A correctly describes that performance test types are determined by the workload simulation strategy.
Other options:
B confuses performance with security testing - malicious attack robustness is a security focus, not performance.
C is partly correct but less comprehensive than A. While testing should simulate realistic conditions, categorization into stress/load/endurance is better aligned with workload modeling.
D is misleading - performance tests validate systems against performance requirements; they are not primarily used to define them.
A). Depending on the model used to simulate the workload, performance tests are called load, stress or endurance / stability tests.
質問 # 25
Which of the following is the BEST example of a Gherkin-style test for a web-based banking application?
- A. GIVEN I have $5000 on my personal account X AND I have $200 on my personal account Y WHEN I transfer $1000 from X to Y THEN I should have balance $4000 on my personal account X AND I should have balance $1200 on my personal account Y
- B. GIVEN I have $5000 on my personal account X AND I have $200 on my personal account Y WHEN I click 'Make transfer' button AND I enter '3000' into 'Amount' field AND I enter 'X' into 'From which account' field AND I enter 'Y' into 'To which account' field AND I click 'Confirm transaction' button THEN I should have balance $2000 on my personal account X AND I should have balance $3200 on my personal account Y
- C. GIVEN I have $5000 on my personal account X WHEN I have $600 on my personal account Y THEN I have $5600 in total on my personal accounts X and Y
- D. GIVEN I have $5000 on my personal account X and $600 on my personal account Y WHEN I transfer
$500 from Y to X
THEN I should have balance $4500 on X and balance $1100 on Y
正解：A
質問 # 26
Which of the following report formats fits the intended audience BEST?
- A. Defect reports for the project's steering group
- B. Top 3 testing project risks for system users
- C. Progress trend charts for the project manager
- D. Test results pie charts for the development team
正解：C
解説：
Effective test reporting should be tailored to the audience's role and needs. Project managers are typically concerned with high-level progress, schedules, risks, and milestones. Progress trend charts (e.g., test execution over time, defect trends) provide insights into how the project is advancing and help identify delays or bottlenecks.
Option B is correct as it fits the informational needs of a project manager.
Other options:
A: Defect reports are too detailed for steering groups, which prefer strategic summaries or risk reports.
C: Pie charts may provide high-level summaries, but development teams usually need detailed defect or test result data.
D: System users (e.g., customers) are not responsible for project risks and would not benefit from test risk rankings.
B). Progress trend charts for the project manager
質問 # 27
Which one of the following scenarios characterizes UX task analysis BEST?
- A. Users are qualified depending on their physical and intellectual characteristics.
- B. Use cases are analyzed and represented through business process models.
- C. Inspirations from similar sectors are sought to identify successful solutions.
- D. External conditions are considered as input for subsequent design steps.
正解：B
質問 # 28
As a tester you participate in the project of the decision support system for granting a loan. You are asked to review the acceptance criteria for the following requirement:
REQ 3.28. The automated system records critical credit application data (CCAD. needed to support application screening.
Assume that it is well known what kind of data CCAD are. Which of the following would be the BEST example of an acceptance criterion for this requirement?
- A. The process for collecting CCAD meets corporate usability guidelines.
- B. The CCAD is not recorded if it is incomplete and a message is displayed.
- C. The CCAD are stored in the MySQL relational database after each successful data entry procedure.
- D. The CCAD record process is quick and reversible.
正解：B
質問 # 29
Which of the following activities is most likely performed by the business analyst as part of defect analysis?
- A. Check, whether other paths in the business process model perform as intended.
- B. Analyze the function that failed step by step to identify the cause of the defect.
- C. Assess the impact of corrective actions on other parts of the system's implementation.
- D. Identify the requirements / user stories that are not satisfied.
正解：D
質問 # 30
Which one of the following statements describes correctly how acceptance testing may be augmented with other test techniques or approaches?
- A. In a black-box testing approach, acceptance test scenarios follow the implemented sequence of function calls in the code.
- B. In a risk-based testing approach, acceptance criteria are derived from the tester's experience and intuition.
- C. In a priority-based testing approach, prioritization of acceptance tests depends on identified product risks.
- D. In a model-based testing approach, acceptance tests are generated from graphical or textual models.
正解：D
解説：
Model-Based Testing (MBT) is a test design technique in which test cases are derived from a model that describes some aspects of the system's behavior. In the context of acceptance testing, MBT can be used to generate high-level acceptance test cases automatically from business process models, use case diagrams, state models, or decision tables.
Option A is correct because MBT supports the systematic generation of acceptance test cases from these models, enabling better coverage of business rules and workflows while maintaining traceability to the requirements.
Other options:
B is close but slightly off: prioritization of acceptance tests in a priority-based approach depends on business value or stakeholder-defined priorities, not strictly on product risks.
C is incorrect. Risk-based testing relies on structured risk assessment, not just intuition or experience.
D is false. Black-box testing focuses on inputs and outputs without referencing the internal structure (such as function calls), which is characteristic of white-box testing.
Exact Reference - ISTQB CTFL Acceptance Testing Syllabus (Section 2.3):
"Model-based testing can be used to generate acceptance test cases systematically based on models representing business processes or system behavior."
質問 # 31
......
正真正銘のベスト資料はCTFL-AcTオンライン練習試験：https://jp.fast2test.com/CTFL-AcT-premium-file.html
練習できるCTFL-AcTにはFast2test画期的なあなたをISTQB Foundation Level - Acceptance Testing試験合格させます合格率：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1p3rqXGRvRxtmvHe5NbuZQQpM_QNPrGqA