合格できるScrum Alliance CSMのPDF問題集！最近更新された52問あります
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質問 # 24
When the goal, scope and product domain are not understood by the Scrum Team, the Scrum Master should
- A. Facilitate a discussion between the Stakeholders, Product Owner and Developers.
- B. Cancel the Sprint and schedule a new Planning meeting.
- C. Direct the Developers to stop working until the Product Owner improves the acceptance criteria.
- D. Do nothing because this is the responsibility of the Product Owner.
正解：A
解説：
When the Scrum Team does not understand the goal, scope, or product domain, theScrum Master should facilitate a discussion between the Stakeholders, Product Owner, and Developers. This ensures clarity and shared understanding, enabling the team to move forward effectively.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master serves the team by:
* Facilitating stakeholder collaborationas needed.
* Ensuring that the Product Backlog is understoodby the Scrum Team.
* Removing any barriers that hinder the team's ability to achieve the Sprint Goal.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Direct the Developers to stop working until the Product Owner improves the acceptance criteria:Stopping work is not productive, and collaboration with the Product Owner and stakeholders is the proper approach to resolving misunderstandings.
* B. Cancel the Sprint and schedule a new Planning meeting:Cancelling the Sprint should be an absolute last resort and is typically done only when the Sprint Goal becomes unachievable.
* C. Do nothing because this is the responsibility of the Product Owner:While the Product Owner owns the Product Backlog, the Scrum Master is responsible for facilitating collaboration and resolving impediments.
質問 # 25
Who can execute the work of the Sprint Backlog?
- A. Product Owner
- B. Developers
- C. Scrum Team
- D. Scrum Master
正解：B
解説：
TheDevelopersare the ones responsible for executing the work contained in the Sprint Backlog. The Sprint Backlog is created during Sprint Planning and consists of:
* TheSprint Goal(why the Sprint exists).
* Selected Product Backlog items(what needs to be done).
* Aplanfor delivering the increment (how the work will be achieved).
Per the2020 Scrum Guide, only Developers can deliver a Done Increment at the end of the Sprint. The Developers are accountable for:
* Creating a plan for the Sprint Goaland Sprint Backlog.
* Executing the workto meet the Definition of Done and the Sprint Goal.
* Adapting their plandaily based on progress and challenges.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Scrum Master:The Scrum Master facilitates the process and removes impediments but does not perform the work.
* B. Scrum Team:While the Scrum Team collectively owns the Sprint Goal, only the Developers execute the actual work to meet it.
* D. Product Owner:The Product Owner prioritizes the Product Backlog and ensures value delivery but does not execute the work in the Sprint Backlog.
質問 # 26
A Developer had an issue with no hardware to test the software. The Scrum Master contacted the hardware manager to help resolve the issue. What characteristic is the Scrum Master exhibiting?
- A. Leadership
- B. Project Manager
- C. Disciplinarian
- D. Authoritarian
正解：A
解説：
The Scrum Master is aservant leader, focused on enabling the Scrum Team to work effectively. By taking action to resolve the Developer's impediment (lack of hardware), the Scrum Masterdemonstratesleadershipby facilitating the team's progress and ensuring they can meet the Sprint Goal.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master serves the Scrum Team by:
* Removing Impediments: Resolving obstacles that block the team's progress is a key responsibility of the Scrum Master.
* Supporting Team Effectiveness: By addressing issues outside the team's control, the Scrum Master ensures that the Developers can focus on their work.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Disciplinarian:A Scrum Master does not enforce rules or discipline team members. They lead by fostering collaboration and resolving issues, not by control.
* B. Project Manager:Scrum Masters do not perform traditional project management tasks like resource allocation or task assignment. Their role is to serve and support the team rather than manage it.
* C. Authoritarian:The Scrum Master is not an authoritarian leader. Their approach is grounded in servant leadership, enabling and empowering the team rather than commanding it.
質問 # 27
When a Scrum Master encounters resistance from outside of the Scrum Team, what should the Scrum Master do?
- A. Work with other Scrum Masters to increase the effectiveness of the application of Scrum in the organization
- B. Not intervene in the business of others
- C. Escalate to management to reprimand the resisters
- D. Create a status update meeting for all Scrum Masters to coordinate team dependencies
正解：A
解説：
When a Scrum Master encounters resistance from outside the Scrum Team, their role is to act as aservant leader and coach, ensuring the organization's adoption of Scrum is effective. Resistance often stems from a lack of understanding or buy-in regarding the value of Scrum.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master serves the organization in several ways, including:
* Leading, training, and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption.
* Planning and advising Scrum implementations within the organization.
* Helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact an empirical approach for complex work.
In this case, the Scrum Master collaborates with other Scrum Masters to amplify the effectiveness of Scrum across the organization. This collaboration is essential for addressing systemic challenges or resistance to Scrum.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Escalate to management to reprimand the resisters:Escalating and seeking reprimand is not aligned with the Scrum Master's role as a facilitator and coach. This approach could create conflict rather than resolve resistance.
* B. Not intervene in the business of others:The Scrum Master's role involves actively addressing impediments and resistance. Avoiding intervention undermines their responsibility to promote Scrum.
* C. Create a status update meeting for all Scrum Masters to coordinate teamdependencies:While collaboration among Scrum Masters is essential, "status update meetings" are not a Scrum practice, and coordination of dependencies is typically handled within Sprint Planning or during collaborative refinement sessions.
質問 # 28
Whose responsibility is it to lead and coach the organization in its Scrum adoption?
- A. Developers
- B. Product Owner
- C. Customer
- D. Scrum Master
正解：D
解説：
TheScrum Masteris responsible for leading and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption. They play a critical role in helping the organization understand and implement Scrum practices, fostering an environment of empiricism and continuous improvement.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master serves the organization by:
* Leading, training, and coaching the organization in Scrum adoption.
* Helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact an empirical approach to work.
* Removing barriers between stakeholders and Scrum Teams.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Customer:Customers provide requirements and feedback but do not lead or coach the organization in Scrum adoption.
* B. Product Owner:The Product Owner manages the Product Backlog and focuses on delivering value but is not responsible for organizational Scrum adoption.
* C. Developers:Developers are responsible for delivering the Increment and are not accountable for coaching the organization.
質問 # 29
Product Backlog refinement is
- A. the act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items.
- B. a pre-planning meeting to shorten the length of Sprint Planning.
- C. an opportunity for the Developers to estimate Product Backlog items.
- D. a recurring event in the middle of each Sprint.
正解：A
解説：
Product Backlog refinementis the act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller, clearer, and more actionable items. This process ensures that the Product Backlog is well-organized, understood, and ready for the upcoming Sprint Planning. Refinement helps the Developers and Product Owner collaborate to add detail, order, and estimates to Product Backlog items.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide:
* Product Backlog refinement is an ongoing activity that occurs throughout the Sprint.
* It is not a formal event, and its timing and structure are determined by the Scrum Team.
* Refinement improves clarity and helps the team better understand upcoming work.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. a recurring event in the middle of each Sprint:Product Backlog refinement is not a time-boxed event. It occurs continuously, as needed.
* C. an opportunity for the Developers to estimate Product Backlog items:While estimation may occur during refinement, the primary purpose is breaking down and clarifying items, not solely estimation.
* D. a pre-planning meeting to shorten the length of Sprint Planning:Product Backlog refinement is not a pre-planning meeting but an ongoing activity to prepare for future Sprints.
質問 # 30
Which Scrum artifacts provide transparency and opportunities for inspection and adaptation?
- A. Definition of Done and Product Backlog
- B. Burndown Charts, release plan and Product Backlog
- C. Definition of Done, Sprint Backlog and Product Backlog
- D. Sprint Backlog, Product Backlog and Increment
正解：D
解説：
Thethree Scrum artifacts-Product Backlog,Sprint Backlog, andIncrement-providetransparencyinto the work and enable opportunities forinspection and adaptation. These artifacts are essential to ensuring the Scrum Team and stakeholders can inspect progress and adapt plans to maximize value.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide:
* Product Backlog: Represents all the work needed to achieve the Product Goal and allows inspection and prioritization of upcoming work.
* Sprint Backlog: A real-time plan for the Sprint that provides transparency into what the team is working on and allows inspection and adaptation during the Sprint.
* Increment: The outcome of the Sprint that is usable and meets the Definition of Done, enabling stakeholders to inspect progress and provide feedback.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Burndown Charts, release plan and Product Backlog:Burndown charts and release plans are complementary tools, but they are not official Scrum artifacts.
* C. Definition of Done and Product Backlog:The Definition of Done is not an artifact but a shared understanding of when work is complete.
* D. Definition of Done, Sprint Backlog and Product Backlog:While the Sprint Backlog and Product Backlog are artifacts, the Definition of Done is not.
質問 # 31
During the Sprint, what Scrum Value must the team demonstrate to achieve the goal?
- A. Agreement
- B. Alignment
- C. Commitment
- D. Completion
正解：C
解説：
The Scrum Team must demonstrateCommitmentto achieve the Sprint Goal. Commitment is one of the five Scrum Values, and it reflects the team's dedication to the Sprint Goal, the work planned in the Sprint Backlog, and to collaborating effectively. Without commitment, the team cannot focus on delivering the Increment or achieving the Sprint Goal.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Values are:
* Commitment: Dedication to the team's goals and delivering value.
* Focus: Concentrating on the Sprint Goal and avoiding distractions.
* Openness: Being transparent about challenges and progress.
* Respect: Valuing each team member and their contributions.
* Courage: Facing challenges and making tough decisions.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Completion:This is not a Scrum Value. Commitment drives completion, but "completion" itself is not a value.
* C. Agreement:While agreement is important, Scrum does not define it as a core value.
* D. Alignment:While alignment is critical to achieving goals, it is not one of the five Scrum Values.
質問 # 32
What is one accountability of a Scrum Master?
- A. Provide estimates
- B. Decide when to release the product
- C. Set the budget
- D. Improve the Scrum Team's effectiveness
正解：D
解説：
One of the key accountabilities of aScrum Masteris toimprove the Scrum Team's effectiveness. This aligns with the Scrum Master's role as a servant leader who helps the team deliver value through better practices, collaboration, and adherence to Scrum principles.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master is accountable for:
* Establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide, helping everyone understand its theory and practices.
* Improving the Scrum Team's effectivenessby enabling the team to self-manage, improve cross- functionality, and focus on delivering high-value Increments.
* Removing impedimentsthat hinder progress and supporting the team in achieving its Sprint Goals.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Set the budget:The Scrum Master does not manage budgets. Budgeting decisions are outside the scope of the Scrum framework.
* B. Provide estimates:Developers are responsible for providing estimates during Product Backlog refinement and Sprint Planning.
* D. Decide when to release the product:Decisions about releases are made collaboratively by the Product Owner, often based on business needs and stakeholder input.
質問 # 33
What is an activity of the Product Owner?
- A. Experimenting with Sprint duration
- B. Maximizing the value of the Scrum Team's work
- C. Managing the Developers
- D. Ensuring the Charter is understood
正解：B
解説：
The primary activity of the Product Owner ismaximizing the value of the Scrum Team's work. This involves managing the Product Backlog, ensuring that the most valuable work is prioritized, and collaborating with stakeholders to define clear goals and objectives for the Scrum Team.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Product Owner:
* Ensures that the Scrum Team is working on the most valuable work by continuously prioritizing and refining the Product Backlog.
* Collaborates closely with stakeholders to understand their needs and expectations.
* Focuses on delivering value while enabling the Scrum Team to achieve their Sprint Goals.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Ensuring the Charter is understood:A project charter is not part of the Scrum framework. This option is unrelated to Scrum.
* B. Experimenting with Sprint duration:Sprint duration is decided by the Scrum Team and is fixed throughout the Scrum implementation. It is not the Product Owner's responsibility to experiment with this.
* D. Managing the Developers:Scrum does not involve "managing" Developers; they are self- organizing and responsible for how they complete their work.
質問 # 34
Which of the following is a Scrum Artifact?
- A. Definition of Done
- B. Sprint Goal
- C. Sprint Burndown Chart
- D. Sprint Backlog
正解：D
解説：
ScrumArtifactsrepresent work or value, providing transparency and opportunities for inspection and adaptation. TheSprint Backlogis one of the three primary Scrum Artifacts defined in the2020 Scrum Guide:
* Product Backlog: The ordered list of everything that is needed in the product.
* Sprint Backlog: The plan for the Sprint, including the Sprint Goal, selected Product Backlog items, and the work plan for delivering the Increment.
* Increment: The sum of all work completed during a Sprint that meets the Definition of Done.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Definition of Done:While critical to ensuring quality, the Definition of Done is not an Artifact but rather a standard that applies to the Increment.
* C. Sprint Goal:The Sprint Goal is part of the Sprint Backlog but is not a standalone Artifact.
* D. Sprint Burndown Chart:This is a complementary tool used for tracking progress but is not an official Artifact in Scrum.
質問 # 35
A member of the Scrum Team does not want to participate in the Sprint Planning event and considers it a waste of time. What should the Scrum Master do first?
- A. Discuss the importance of team work
- B. Mandate attendance
- C. Ask for management's assistance
- D. Meet individually to address concerns
正解：D
解説：
When a team member refuses to participate in Sprint Planning, theScrum Master should first meet individually to address their concerns. Understanding the root cause of their reluctance can help the Scrum Master guide them toward recognizing the value of the event. This approach demonstrates respect and a willingness to resolve the issue constructively.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master is responsible for:
* Coaching team memberson the importance of Scrum events, such as Sprint Planning.
* Fostering collaborationand ensuring all team members understand their role and responsibilities in achieving the Sprint Goal.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Ask for management's assistance:Involving management should be a last resort. The Scrum Master should first attempt to resolve the issue directly with the team member.
* B. Mandate attendance:Forcing participation without addressing the underlying concerns could lead to disengagement and resentment.
* C. Discuss the importance of team work:While teamwork is important, addressing the individual's specific concerns first is a more targeted and effective approach.
質問 # 36
A Scrum Team with all the skills necessary to deliver a usable Increment is
- A. Divided into sub-teams.
- B. Cross-functional.
- C. Distributed.
- D. Difficult to manage.
正解：B
解説：
Across-functional Scrum Teamis one that has all the skills necessary to deliver ausable Incrementof the product. This ensures that the team is not dependent on external groups to complete their work, enabling them to deliver value independently.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide:
* Scrum Teams are cross-functional and self-managing.
* Cross-functionality means the team includes all the necessary skills (e.g., development, testing, design) to complete the work in a Sprint and deliver an Increment.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. Divided into sub-teams:Scrum discourages dividing teams based on function. The team should be collaborative and cross-functional.
* B. Distributed:While Scrum Teams can be distributed geographically, this term does not define their ability to deliver a usable Increment.
* D. Difficult to manage:A cross-functional Scrum Team is self-managing and does not require external management.
質問 # 37
Which Agile principle is being practiced if a team chooses to focus on the highest priority product backlog items?
- A. Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project.
- B. The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation.
- C. Simplicity - The art of maximizing the amount of work not done is essential.
- D. At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly.
正解：C
解説：
The Agile principle being practiced when a team focuses on the highest-priority Product Backlog items is
"Simplicity - The art of maximizing the amount of work not done is essential."This principle emphasizes delivering only the most valuable work and avoiding unnecessary effort. By working on the most critical items, the team ensures that resources are used efficiently to maximize value.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly:This principle relates to Sprint Retrospectives and improving team processes, not prioritizing backlog items.
* C. Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project:This principle relates to collaboration and communication, not prioritization.
* D. The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation:This principle emphasizes communication methods, not prioritization.
質問 # 38
Taylor, a Scrum Master, was asked for their advice on how large a Scrum Team should be. Which of these responses is correct?
- A. "Bigger teams communicate better, are more productive and produce better results."
- B. "When a team expands beyond ten, activities, like verification and operations, are assigned to a different team."
- C. "The typical size of an effective Scrum Team is ten or fewer."
- D. "Size doesn't matter as long as the Scrum Master coordinates the work in collaboration with the Product Owner."
正解：C
解説：
Thetypical size of an effective Scrum Team is ten or fewer people, as stated in the2020 Scrum Guide. This includes the Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers. Smaller teams ensure better communication, collaboration, and effectiveness, as larger teams can introduce inefficiencies and coordination challenges.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* B. Size doesn't matter as long as the Scrum Master coordinates the work in collaboration with the Product Owner:Scrum Teams are self-managing and self-organizing; they do not rely on the Scrum Master to coordinate work. Team size does matter for effectiveness.
* C. Bigger teams communicate better, are more productive and produce better results:Larger teams often face communication and coordination challenges, reducing productivity and effectiveness.
* D. When a team expands beyond ten, activities, like verification and operations, are assigned to a different team:Scrum encourages cross-functional teams that handle all activities required to deliver a usable Increment without assigning work to other teams.
質問 # 39
Members of the Scrum Team do not consider the Sprint Retrospective necessary. What should a Scrum Master do?
- A. Exclude those members of the Scrum Team from participating
- B. Let the Developers decide
- C. Coach the Scrum Team to help them understand the purpose of the Sprint Retrospective
- D. Escalate to the Product Owner
正解：C
解説：
TheScrum Mastershouldcoach the Scrum Teamto understand the importance of theSprint Retrospective.
This event is essential for inspecting and adapting processes, tools, and team dynamics, enabling continuous improvement in future Sprints.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide:
* TheSprint Retrospectiveis a key event where the Scrum Team reflects on their performance and identifies actionable improvements.
* It promotes collaboration, accountability, and self-management, all of which are crucial in Scrum.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* B. Let the Developers decide:The Sprint Retrospective is a mandatory event for the Scrum Team, and the Developers cannot decide to skip it.
* C. Escalate to the Product Owner:The Product Owner is not responsible for team dynamics or facilitating Scrum events. This is the Scrum Master's responsibility.
* D. Exclude those members of the Scrum Team from participating:Excluding team members would undermine team collaboration and the purpose of the event. Instead, the Scrum Master should address the underlying concerns and help the team recognize its value.
質問 # 40
Who should the Scrum Master work with to determine if artifacts are completely transparent?
- A. Project Manager
- B. Management team
- C. End users
- D. Scrum Team and other involved parties
正解：D
解説：
TheScrum Masterworks with theScrum Teamand other involved parties (such as stakeholders) to ensure that artifacts aretransparent. Transparency is one of the three pillars of empiricism in Scrum and is critical for effective inspection and adaptation. If artifacts (e.g., Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Increment) are not transparent, it can hinder decision-making and progress.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, the Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring that everyone involved understands:
* The purpose of the artifacts(e.g., Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Increment).
* The Definition of Done, to ensure shared understanding of what constitutes a completed work item.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. End users:While feedback from end users is important, they are not directly responsible for ensuring transparency of artifacts.
* C. Management team:Management is not directly involved in artifact transparency, as this is primarily a collaboration between the Scrum Team and relevant stakeholders.
* D. Project Manager:There is no role of "Project Manager" in Scrum.
質問 # 41
Which one is true for Sprint Planning?
- A. The Product Backlog is refined
- B. Demo of the previous increment is done
- C. The work to be performed in the Sprint is planned
- D. Customers will share the feedback
正解：C
解説：
DuringSprint Planning, the Scrum Team plans the work to be performed in the upcoming Sprint. The event is time-boxed and is attended by the entire Scrum Team. The main outcomes of Sprint Planning are:
* A Sprint Goalthat defines the purpose of the Sprint.
* Selected Product Backlog itemsthat are forecasted to be delivered during the Sprint.
* A plan for how the work will be completed, which is created by the Developers.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* B. Demo of the previous increment is done:Demonstrations and feedback occur during the Sprint Review, not Sprint Planning.
* C. Customers will share the feedback:Feedback from customers is gathered during the Sprint Review, not Sprint Planning.
* D. The Product Backlog is refined:Product Backlog refinement is an ongoing activity, not a specific focus of Sprint Planning.
質問 # 42
Software built and delivered in pieces is known as
- A. A release process.
- B. An iterative process.
- C. An incremental process.
- D. A lifecycle process.
正解：C
解説：
Incremental processrefers to building and delivering software in small, usable pieces (Increments). In Scrum, each Increment is a usable part of the product that adds value and meets the Definition of Done.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide:
* The Increment isa concrete step toward the Product Goal.
* Increments allow for frequent inspection and adaptation while ensuring transparency of progress.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. An iterative process:While Scrum is iterative, "iterative" describes repeated cycles of planning and improving, whereas "incremental" refers to delivering usable pieces of the product.
* C. A lifecycle process:This is a generic term for any process involving software development and does not specifically describe building in pieces.
* D. A release process:A release process focuses on deploying software, not the incremental building of usable Increments.
質問 # 43
What is required when a Scrum Team says a Product Backlog item is done?
- A. The item meets the Scrum Team's understanding of the Definition of Done.
- B. The item has been deployed to the production environment.
- C. The item meets the Definition of Done provided by the Product Owner.
- D. The item has been developed and tested.
正解：A
解説：
When a Scrum Team says a Product Backlog item isdone, it means that the item meets theDefinition of Done agreed upon by the Scrum Team. The Definition of Done ensures that the work is complete, usable, and meets quality standards.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide:
* The Definition of Done is a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete.
* If an Increment or Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done, it cannot be considered part of the usable Increment.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* A. The item has been developed and tested:While development and testing are part of the process,
"done" requires meeting all criteria in the Definition of Done, not just these two aspects.
* B. The item has been deployed to the production environment:Deployment is not a requirement for an item to be considered "done" in Scrum.
* D. The item meets the Definition of Done provided by the Product Owner:The Definition of Done is established by the entire Scrum Team, not the Product Owner alone.
質問 # 44
Which of the following is an activity of Product Backlog management?
- A. Clearly expressing Product Backlog items
- B. Planning the Sprint Backlog
- C. Facilitating the Daily Scrum
- D. Creating Sprint tasks
正解：A
解説：
Product Backlog management is primarily the responsibility of theProduct Owner. One of their key activities is toclearly express Product Backlog items, ensuring they are transparent and understandable for the Developers. This helps the Scrum Team deliver valuable Increments.
According to the2020 Scrum Guide, Product Backlog management includes:
* Clearly expressing Product Backlog items.
* Ordering the items to maximize value.
* Ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent, visible, and understood.
Why the other options are incorrect:
* B. Creating Sprint tasks:Sprint tasks are part of the Developers' detailed planning during the Sprint and are not part of Product Backlog management.
* C. Facilitating the Daily Scrum:This is a responsibility of the Developers, and the Scrum Master may only facilitate if explicitly requested.
* D. Planning the Sprint Backlog:The Sprint Backlog is planned during Sprint Planning and is primarily the Developers' responsibility, not part of Product Backlog management.
質問 # 45
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