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質問 # 15
Boot once into emergency mode from GRUB.
正解：
解説：
See the solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution:
* Reboot the server.
* At the GRUB menu, highlight the kernel entry and press e.
* Find the line starting with linux.
* Append:
systemd.unit=emergency.target
* Press Ctrl+x to boot.
Detailed Explanation:
* This changes the boot target only for the current boot.
* Emergency mode is useful for rescue and maintenance tasks.
* Red Hat's RHEL 10 systemd guidance documents booting with systemd.unit= < name > .target from
GRUB. ( Red Hat Documentation )
質問 # 16
One Logical Volume named /dev/test0/testvolume1 is created. The initial Size of that disk is 100MB now you required more 200MB. Increase the size of Logical Volume, size should be increase on online.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
* lvextend -L+200M /dev/test0/testvolume1 Use lvdisplay /dev/test0/testvolume1)
* ext2online -d /dev/test0/testvolume1
lvextend command is used the increase the size of Logical Volume. Other command lvresize command also here to resize. And to bring increased size on online we use the ext2online command.
質問 # 17
12. Create Archive
Create a tar archive named /root/backup.tar.bz2, which should contain the contents of /usr/local. The tar archive must be compressed using bzip2.
正解：
解説：
Solution:
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install bzip2
[root@node1 ~]# tar -jcvPf /root/backup.tar.bz2 /usr/local
# Verification
[root@node1 ~]# file /root/backup.tar.bz
質問 # 18
Add users: user2, user3.
The Additional group of the two users: user2, user3 is the admin group Password: redhat
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
# useradd -G admin user2
# useradd -G admin user3
# passwd user2
redhat
# passwd user3
redhat
質問 # 19
One Package named zsh is dump on ftp://server1.example.com under /pub/updates directory and your FTP server is 192.168.0.254. Install the package zsh.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
* rpm -ivh ftp://server1/example.com/pub/updates/zsh-*
or
* Login to ftp server : ftp ftp://server1.example.com using anonymous user.
* Change the directory: cd pub and cd updates
* Download the package: mget zsh-*
* Quit from the ftp prompt : bye
* Install the package
* rpm -ivh zsh-*
* Verify either package is installed or not : rpm -q zsh
質問 # 20
Configure the system synchronous as 172.24.40.10.
正解：
解説：
Graphical Interfaces:
System-->Administration-->Date & Time
OR
# system-config-date
質問 # 21
A
YUM repository has been provided at http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/x86_64/Server.
Configure your system to use this location as a default repository.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
vim/etc/yum.repos/base.repo
[base]
name=base
baseurl
http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/x86_64/Server
gpgcheck=0
enable=1
Save and Exit
Use yum list for validation, the configuration is correct if list the package information. If the Yum configuration is not correct then maybe cannot answer the following questions.
質問 # 22
Add a new logical partition having size 100MB and create the data which will be the mount point for the new partition.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
1. Use fdisk /dev/hda-> To create new partition.
2. Type n ->For New partitions
3. It will ask for Logical or Primary Partitions. Press l for logical.
4. It will ask for the Starting Cylinder: Use the Default by pressing Enter Keys
5. Type the size: +100M you can specify either Last cylinder of size here.
6. Press P to verify the partitions lists and remember the partitions name.
7. Press w to write on partitions table.
8. Either Reboot or use partprobe command.
9. Use mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda?
OR
1. mke2fs -j /dev/hda? ->To create ext3 filesystem.
2. vi /etc/fstab
3. Write:
/dev/hda? /data ext3 defaults 0 0
4. Verify by mounting on current sessions also:
mount /dev/hda? /data
質問 # 23
Configure HTTP service access on a non-standard port 82 and allow it through SELinux and firewalld.
正解：
解説：
See the solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution:
* Open the firewall port and HTTP service:
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=82/tcp
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --reload
* Add SELinux port labeling:
semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 82
Detailed Explanation:
* firewall-cmd --permanent makes the change persistent.
* --add-port=82/tcp opens the custom TCP port.
* --add-service=http keeps standard HTTP allowed too.
* SELinux blocks services on unexpected ports unless the port is labeled correctly.
* http_port_t tells SELinux that port 82 is valid for web services.
質問 # 24
Configure a default software repository for your system.
One
YUM has already provided to configure your system on http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/ x86_64/Server, and can be used normally.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
Yum-config-manager
--add-repo=http://content.example.com/rhel7.0/x86-64/dvd" is to generate a file vim content.example.com_rhel7.0_x86_64_dvd.repo, Add a line gpgcheck=0 Yumcleanall Yumrepolist Almost 4305 packages are right, Wrong Yum Configuration will lead to some following questions cannot be worked out.
質問 # 25
Set the default UMASK for user-created files
For the user natasha:
* The default permission for newly created files should be r--r--r--
* The default permission for newly created directories should be r-xr-xr-x
正解：
解説：
Solution:
# su - natasha
Write the umask setting into the user's .bashrc file in the home directory:
bash
Copy code
echo 'umask 222' >> .bashrc
source .bashrc
Command explanation:
umask is used to control the default permissions for files and directories created by a user.
In umask:
The first digit is for special permissions and is usually 0 (can be omitted if not needed).
The second digit controls owner permissions.
The third digit controls group permissions.
The fourth digit controls permissions for others.
質問 # 26
SIMULATION
There are two different networks 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24. Where 192.168.0.254 and
192.168.1.254 IP Address are assigned on Server. Verify your network settings by pinging 192.168.1.0/24 Network's Host.
正解：
解説：
See explanation below.
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
vi /etc/sysconfing/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=station?.example.com GATEWAY=192.168.0.254 service network restart
2.vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=X.X.X.X
NETMASK=X.X.X.X
GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
ifdown eth0
ifup eth0
質問 # 27
Part 2 (on Node2 Server)
Task 2 [Installing and Updating Software Packages]
Configure your system to use this location as a default repository:
http://utility.domain15.example.com/BaseOS
http://utility.domain15.example.com/AppStream
Also configure your GPG key to use this location
http://utility.domain15.example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
正解：
解説：
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=http://utility.domain15.example.com/BaseOS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://utility.domain15.example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=http://utility.domain15.example.com/AppStream
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://utility.domain15.example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[root@node1 ~]# yum clean all
[root@node1 ~]# yum repolist
repo id repo name
AppStream AppStream
BaseOS BaseOS
[root@node1 ~]# yum list all
質問 # 28
Create the user named eric and deny to interactive login.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
* useradd eric
* passwd eric
* vi /etc/passwd
* eric:x:505:505::/home/eric:/sbin/nologin
Which shell or program should start at login time is specified in /etc/passwd file? By default, Redhat Enterprise Linux assigns the /bin/bash shell to the users. To deny the interactive login, you should write
/sbin/nologin or /bin/ false instead of login shell.
質問 # 29
Install a FTP server, and request to anonymous download from /var/ftp/pub catalog. (it needs you to configure yum direct to the already existing file server. )
正解：
解説：
Answer see in the explanation.
Explanation/Reference:
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
# vim local.repo
[local]
name=local.repo
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
# yum makecache
# yum install -y vsftpd
# service vsftpd restart
# chkconfig vsftpd on
# chkconfig --list vsftpd
# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES
質問 # 30
Part 1 (on Node1 Server)
Task 10 [Configuring NTP/Time Synchronization]
Configure your system so that it is an NTP client of utility.domain15.example.com The system time should be set to your (or nearest to you) timezone and ensure NTP sync is configured
正解：
解説：
* [root@node1 ~]# yum install chrony
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf
pool utility.domain15.example.com iburst
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status chronyd
[root@node1 ~]# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent, ocean, "coord", or "TZ".
1) Africa
2) Americas
3) Antarctica
4) Asia
11) TZ - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 4
* Please select a country whose clocks agree with yours.
1) Afghanistan 18) Israel 35) Palestine
2) Armenia 19) Japan 36) Philippines
3) Azerbaijan 20) Jordan 37) Qatar
4) Bahrain 21) Kazakhstan 38) Russia
5) Bangladesh 22) Korea (North) 39) Saudi Arabia
#? 5
The following information has been given:
Bangladesh
Therefore TZ='Asia/Dhaka' will be used.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? 1
Asia/Dhaka
[root@node1 ~]# chronyc sources -v
^? utility.domain15.example> 0 7 0 - +0ns[ +0ns] +/- 0ns
質問 # 31
27. System Optimization Configuration
Choose the recommended tuned configuration set for your system and set it as default.
正解：
解説：
Solution:
# Install and enable tuned
[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install tuned
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl enable tuned
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl restart tuned
# Check the recommended configuration scheme for the system
[root@node2 ~]# tuned-adm recommend
virtual-guest
# Switch to the specified configuration scheme
[root@node2 ~]# tuned-adm profile virtual-guest
# Check the current configuration scheme
[root@node2 ~]# tuned-adm active
Current active profile: virtual-guest
質問 # 32
Add admin group and set gid=600
正解：
解説：
Answer see in the explanation.
Explanation/Reference:
# groupadd -g 600 admin
質問 # 33
Change the logical volume capacity named vo from 190M to 300M. and the size of the floating range should set between 280 and 320. (This logical volume has been mounted in advance.)
正解：
解説：
# vgdisplay
(Check the capacity of vg, if the capacity is not enough, need to create pv , vgextend , lvextend)
# lvdisplay (Check lv)
# lvextend -L +110M /dev/vg2/lv2
# resize2fs /dev/vg2/lv2
mount -a
(Verify)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Decrease lvm)
# umount /media
# fsck -f /dev/vg2/lv2
# resize2fs -f /dev/vg2/lv2 100M
# lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vg2/lv2
# mount -a
# lvdisplay (Verify)
OR
# e2fsck -f /dev/vg1/lvm02
# resize2fs -f /dev/vg1/lvm02
# mount /dev/vg1/lvm01 /mnt
# lvreduce -L 1G -n /dev/vg1/lvm02
# lvdisplay (Verify)
質問 # 34
1. Find all sizes of 10k file or directory under the /etc directory, and copy to /tmp/findfiles directory.
2. Find all the files or directories with Lucy as the owner, and copy to /tmp/findfiles directory.
正解：
解説：
see explanation below.
Explanation
(1)find /etc -size 10k -exec cp {} /tmp/findfiles \;
(2)find / -user lucy -exec cp -a {} /tmp/findfiles \;
Note: If find users and permissions, you need to use cp - a options, to keep file permissions and user attributes etc.
質問 # 35
......
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